选修八Unit 2 Cloning精讲巧练Word下载.docx
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JapanesediffersgreatlyfromFrenchinpronunciation.
【拓 展】differencen.差异,差别;
differentadj.不同的
如:
Therearemanydifferencesbetweenlivinginabigcityandlivinginthecountry.
Theysometimeshavedifferentideasaboutliving,workingandplaying.
常见词组:
bedifferentfrom… 与……不同
makeadifference 有很大差别,有很大的关系
【随时练】Thoughtsofwesternersdiffermuch_______easternersinanumberofways.
A.between B.betweenthose C.from D.fromthoseof
Key:
D
undertake
【原句回放】Theprocedureisdifficulttoundertake,ofcourse.(P11)
【点 拨】undertakevt.toagreetoberesponsibleforajoborprojectanddoit表示“从事,着手做,承担”,undertaketodosth。
许诺做某事;
undertakethat…保证……
Thelawyerundertookthecasewithoutafee.
IundertooktoteachthechildrenEnglish.
Ican'
tundertakethatyouwillmakeaprofit.
【拓 展】undertakingn.表示“任务,事业;
许诺”
如
Hewasrequiredtogiveawrittenundertakingnottodisclosethedetailsoftheircontract.
Organizingaweddingisamajorundertaking.
【随时练】Thethirty-storeybuildingisoneofthemostchallengingengineeringprojectstheyhaveever_______.
A.undergone B.underlined C.underground D.undertaken
disturbing
【原句回放】ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.(P12)
【点 拨】disturbingadj.makingyoufeelworriedorupset表示“令人不安的,令人烦恼的”,常用来修饰物;
disturbedadj.表示“被扰乱的,不安的”,常用来修饰人。
如:
Itisverydisturbingthattherehasbeenanincreaseincrimeinthelastsixmonths.
Iamverydisturbedbythecomplaintsthathavebeenmadeagainstyou.
Theyareverydisturbedchildrenwhoneedhelp.
【拓 展】disturbvt.表示“扰乱,弄乱,打扰”。
Thehostwasquiteannoyedwhenhefoundoutthathisthingsonthebookshelveshadbeendisturbed.
I'
msorrytodisturbyouwiththisquestion.
Ihaveheardsomebadnewsthathasdisturbedmeverymuch.
【随时练】However,attimesthisbalanceinnatureis_____,resultinginanumberofpossiblyunforeseeneffects.
A.troubled B.disturbed C.confused D.puzzled
B
castdown
【原句回放】CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly’sillnesswasmoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.(P12)
【点 拨】castdown:
feelingunhappyanddepressed,表示“使沮丧,低沉,使下降”;
becastdown=feeldiscouraged.
Hewasmuchcastdownbythefailureoftheexperiment.
Don’tbesocastdown.Justkeepupyourspirits.
【拓 展】cast vt.表示“扔;
投;
掷;
脱落”。
Assoonastheyreachedthefishingarea,thefishermencasttheirnetsintothesea.
Everyyearthesnakecasts(off)itsskin.
相关短语:
castaway 丢弃,使失事,使漂流
castoff 放弃;
丢弃
castout 赶走,驱逐
【随时练】Wewere________bythestormonanislandwithoutfoodorwater.
A.castaway B. castoff C.castout D.castaside
A
objection
【原句回放】Ontheotherhand,Dolly’sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination.(P12)
【点 拨】objectionn. astatementthatshowsthatyoudisagreewithaplan表示“反对,异议,拒绝之理由”,have/take/feelanobjectionto… 对……提出异议;
对……表示反对
Mymainobjectiontotheplanisthatitcoststoomuch.
Ifeelastrongobjectiontogettingupearly.
Haveyouanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow?
【拓 展】object vi.表示“反对,拒绝”,后面常跟介词to或against;
vt.表示“提出……来反对”,可接that引导的从句;
也可用作n.表示“物体,宾语,对象”,如unidentifiedflyingobject(UFO)不明的飞行物,飞碟。
However,othersstronglyobjecttodevelopingprivatecars.
Iobjectthatheistooyoungtotakethatposition.
Tellmethenamesoftheobjectsinthisroom.
【随时练】We______topunishingawholegroupforoneperson’sfault.
A.complain B.object C.oppose D.resist
forbid
【原句回放】Governmentsbecamenervousandmanyforbaderesearchintohumancloning.(P12)
【点 拨】forbidvt.tostatethatsth.isnotallowed,accordingtoaruleorlaw表示“禁止,不准”,其过去式和过去分词是:
forbade,forbidden,用法如下:
forbidsb.todo禁止某人做某事;
forbiddoing禁止做某事。
Smokingisforbiddenintheconcerthall.
Mostoftheparentsagreetoforbadetheirchildrentosmoke.
【拓 展】区别:
forbid,ban, prohibit
三者都含“禁止”的意思。
forbid系常用词,指“命令某人不做某事”。
ban语气较重,指权威机关“正式禁止”,含“严厉谴责”之意,只能用事物作其宾语。
prohibit指“通过法律或政府法令禁止”, 如:
Thedoctorforbidshimtosmoke.
Banatomicandnuclearweapons!
禁止原子武器和核武器!
Thesoldierswereprohibitedfromleavingcampafterdark.
【随时练】Thestudentsareforbidden,unlesstheyhavespecialpasses,___after11p.m.
A.tostayout B.fromstayingout
C.stayingout D.nottostayout
accumulate
【原句回放】SomecountriessuchasChinaandtheUKcontinuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.(P12)
【点 拨】accumulatevt.&vi. togetmoreandmoreofsth.overaperiodoftime,表示“积累,堆积”;
强调“经过一段比较长的时间由少到多的积累”,使用范围较广。
Thecompanyhasaccumulatedgreatwealthwithinafewyears.
However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheLondonZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.
然而,随着这种迹象越来越明显,来自伦敦动物园的专家们被迫开始了调查。
【拓 展】accumulation n.表示“积聚,累积量”;
accumulativeadj.表示“累积的,渐增的”。
Theaccumulationofknowledgecanmakeusmoreintelligent.
Therearelargeaccumulationsofsnowonthestreet.
Hisdiseaseresultedfromtheaccumulativeeffectsofeatingtoomuch.
他的病是由于长期饮食过量造成的。
【随时练】Thesnowisbeginningto_______inplacestothesouthandeastofLondonandwecouldseearound5to10cminruralareas,especiallyoverthehills.
A.fall B.accumulate C.winning D.losing
infavorof
【原句回放】Isitinfavorofcloningoragainstcloning?
(P12)
【点 拨】infavorof:
tosupportapersonoranidea,etcthatyoubelieveitisright,表示“赞成;
有利于”,其反义词beagainst.
Thescorewas80to78infavouroftheguestteam.
Theexchangerateisinourfavourtoday.
常见短语:
voteinfavorofsth.投票赞成(某事)
【拓 展】favorvt.&n.表示“赞同,赞成;
偏袒;
偏爱”
insb’sfavor 对某人有利
dosb.afavor 帮某人个忙
Thedelaymightactuallyworkinourfavor.
延迟事实上也许对我们有利。
Willyoudomeafavorandphoneforme?
【随时练】Idon’tliketoaskpeopleforhelpasarule(通常)butIwonderifyoucould______meafavor.
A.make B.do C.find D.get
obtain
【原句回放】Meanwhileyouwillobtainalotofinformation.(P18)
【点 拨】obtain vt.&vi.togetsth.youwantorneed,especiallybygoingthroughaprocessthatisdifficult,表示“得到,获得”。
obtainsth.bydoingssth.通过做某事获取某物
Ihaven'
tbeenabletoobtainthatbook.
Thefactshadbeenobtainedfromthousandsofstudentsintheirfirstyearofuniversitystudybyaskingsuchquestionsasthese.
【拓 展】区别:
get,obtain,acquire,gain
都含“得到,获得”的意思。
get指“以某种方法或手段得到某种东西”;
obtain是较正式用语,常指“通过努力工作、奋力或请求而得到所需的东西”;
acquire强调“经过漫长的努力过程而逐渐获得”;
gain往往指“通过努力或有意识行动而获得某种有益或有利的东西”。
DidyougetmytelegramlastSunday?
Heobtainedexperiencethroughpractice.
Weshouldtrytoacquiregoodhabits.
Ihopeyouwillgaingreatersuccess.
【随时练】Afterquestioningthemanforsixhours,thepolice______theinformationtheywanted.
A.seized B.recovered C.appealed D.obtained
【suchas/such…as用法】
【原句回放1】Sadlythesamearbitraryfateaffectedotherspecies,suchasclonedmice.(P12)
【原句回放2】SomecountriessuchasChinaandtheUKcontinuedtoaccumulateevidenceoftheabundantmedicalaidthatcloningcouldprovide.(P12)
【点 拨】
①suchas用来罗列同类人或物中的几个例子,译为“诸如”,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,其后边不能用逗号。
而forexample,强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语,且用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。
②such…as用来引导定语从句,as译为“正如,好像”,且在从句中充当主语或宾语;
such…that表示“如此……以至于”,引导的是结果状语从句,such常用来修饰名词,常见句型:
sucha/an+adj.+可数名词单数,或such +adj.+不可数名词/可数名词复数。
ManyoftheEnglishprogrammesarewellreceived,suchasFollowMe,FollowMetoScience.
Englishisspokeninmanycountries,suchasAustralia,Canadaandsoon.
Therearemanykindsofpollution,forexample,noiseisakindofpollution.
【链接高考】
【考 例1】Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_____peopleexpected.
A.like B.as C.that D.which
【答案与解析】B.as表示“正如,好像”,引导的是定语从句,作expected的宾语。
【考 例2】Hisplanwassuchagoodone_______weallagreedtoacceptedit.
A.so B.and C.that D.as
【答案与解析】C.考查“such…that“结构,表示“如此……以至于”,修饰名词。
【考 例3】MyEnglishteacher’shumorwas______makeeverystudentburstintolaughter.
A.soasto B.suchasto C.suchthat D.sothat
【答案与解析】B,句意是:
我的英语老师的幽默可以让每个学生都捧腹大笑,本句可以理解为:
MyEnglishteacher’shumorwassuchthathemadeeverystudentburstintolaughter.如果状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,可变为不定式结构。
写作进行时
翻译下文,尽量运用本单元学过的词汇及短语。
暑假期间,我从事一项关于家乡水资源的研究,结果发现河水被附近的一家工厂污染了。
我立刻把这个令人不安的消息告诉了这家工厂并禁止他们污染水源,然而,他们对我的建议提出了异议,没有理睬。
我很灰心,决心收集证据来证明我是正确的。
此外,我还借助于媒体的帮助,使更多人们来关注。
最后政府开始采取措施来阻止河流被污染。
写作过程:
审题:
____________________________________
列出相关词汇短语:
谋篇(即句型,连接词):
___________________________________
写作:
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________