英语专业综合教程2Unit812单元课后答案Word下载.docx
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dioxide,methane,and
nitrousoxides,andprotecttheforestsintheworld,andwecanalsoadvocatepoliciesthatwillcombatglobalwarmingoverthelongterm,thingslikecleancars,
environmentallyresponsible
renewableenergytechnologies,andstoppingthe
clear-cutting
ofvaluableforests.
IV.
1.GlobalwarmingwillprobablybethemostseriousthreattoourEarth,ifwedonottakeintoaccountofsomeotherpossibledisasters,suchasanotherworldwar,collisionofourEarthwithsomesmallorbitingplanet,orspreadofincurablediseases.
2.Intermsofhumanhealth,thepeopleofthepoorercountrieswillsuffermost,becausetheircountriesdonothavemoneytoprotectthemwhenclimatechanges.
Structuralanalysis
Sub-ideasinthesecondpart.
1）the
causes
oftherisingconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere（Paragraphs3and4）
2）the
effect
ofsuchconcentrationonclimatechange（Paragraphs5and6）
3）thepotential
threat
ofglobalwarmingtohumanhealthandsurvival（Paragraph7）
Partone.Vocabulary
1
Phrase
1.withtheexceptionof:
except,apartfrom
除……之外，
不包括……在内
2.Inessence=essentially,basically
本质上，根本上
3.whereverpossible:
whenever
itispossible
只要可能
4.overthelongterm:
overalongperiod
从长远看
5.alternative=substitutable,different,replaceable
II.
1.focus;
2.muchthesame;
3.consciousness;
4.threat;
5.deserved;
6.decomposed;
7.revealed;
8.frequent.
III.Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Hernaturalgoodsensewasimprovedbytheperusal（peruse）ofthebestbooks.
2.Effortstoreachtheinjuredmenhavebeenintensified（intense）becauseofasuddendeteriorationofweatherconditions.
3.Iknewhedeservedtobepunishedbutmakinghimstayineverynightforayearisalittleexcessive（excess）.
4.Theoriesoftheoriginoflifearepartlyspeculative（speculate）,sincethereissolittledirectevidenceavailable.
5.Thisisabookthatcontainsanabundance（abundant）ofvaluableinformation.
6.Thecostoftheflights,accommodationandcarrentalistwothousanddollarsinclusive（include）.
7.Whenanironobjectisheatedinafire,itglowsredandemits（emission）radiation.
8.WehardlyevergointoLondon.Whateverweneedwecanbuylocally（local）.
1.perusev.
熟读，精读
perusaln.
熟读，精读；
仔细研究
e.g.
他每天都要读各种报纸。
Heperusedthenewspaperseveryday.
2.intensea.
强烈的，剧烈的，热烈的
intensifyv.
增强，强化；
加剧
intensiven.
强烈的；
密集的
intensificationn.
增强，加强，强化
我的工作非常紧张，以至于我没有时间休息。
MyworkissointensethatIevenhavenotimetotakearest.
我的初次失败更坚定了我成功的信念。
Myfirstfailureonlyintensifiedmydesiretosucceed.
我们有十天的强化训练。
Wehavetendaysofintensivetraining.
3.excessa.
过量的，额外的
excessivea.
过多的，过分的
这个胖男孩节制饮食以减轻过量的体重。
Thefatboywentonadiettogetridofhisexcessweight.
4.speculatev.
推测，好奇
speculationn.
沉思，推测；
投机
speculativea.
推测的，推理的；
投机的
speculatorn.
投机者，投机商人
我猜想的全错了。
Myspeculationsprovedtotallywrong.
他是一个冷酷的投机者。
Heisaruthlessspeculator.
5.abundanta.
丰富的，充裕的
abundancen.
丰富，充裕
abundantlyad.
大量地，丰富地
今年的农产品很丰富。
Theagriculturalcommoditiesareabundantthisyear.
这个国家拥有丰富的资源。
Thiscountryhasanabundanceofvaluableresources.
6.includev.
包括，包含
includingprep.
包含，包括
inclusivea.
包含……在内的，包罗广泛的
账单中包含服务费。
Thebillincludesservice.
他们有很多宠物，狗就有三只。
Theyhavemanypets,includingthreedogs.
7.emissionn.
散发；
发射
emitv.
发出，放射；
吐露
干酪散发出强烈的气味。
Thecheesewasemittingastrongsmell.
8.locala.
地方性的；
当地的，局部的
locallyad.
在本地，在当地
当地大多数的居民靠打渔为生。
Mostofthelocalpopulationdependonfishingfortheirincome.
1.A;
2.D;
3.B;
4.C;
5.D;
6.A;
7.C;
8.A.
V.Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.Globalwarmingresultsprimarilyfromhumanactivitiesthatreleaseheat-trappinggasesandparticlesintotheair.
Synonym:
mainly,basically,firstly
2.Fortunately,wecantakeactionstoslowdownglobalwarming.
Antonym:
unfortunately,unluckily
3.Themostimportantcausesincludetheburningoffossilfuelssuchascoal,gas,andoil,anddeforestation.
exclude
4.Twenty-fiveyearsagoifyoumadeatriptothelibraryandperusedtheperiodicalsectionforarticlesonglobalwarming,you’dprobablyhavecomeupwithonlyafewabstractsfromhardcoresciencejournalsormaybeablurbinsomeesotericgeopoliticalmagazine.
part,division
5.That’sanincreaseofroughly1°
Cevery4,000years.
decrease,lowering
6.Muchoftheavailableclimatedataappeartobackthesefears.
unavailable
7.Allacrosstheglobe,hottersummerscouldleadtomorecasesofheatstrokeanddeathsamongthosewhoarevulnerable,suchasolderpeoplewithheartproblems.
weak,insecure,unsafe
8.…thingslikecleancarsthatrunonalternativefuels,environmentallyresponsiblerenewableenergytechnologies,andstoppingtheclear-cuttingofvaluableforests.
irresponsible
VI.
Prefix
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.
1.centigrade
centimeter
2.kilogram
kilometer
3.synopsis
synthetic
4.supervise
superior
5.submarine
submerge
6.astronaut
astronomy
7.microbiology
microwave
8.overwork
overload
1.Explanation:
centi-:
onehundredth
e.g.centigram,centiliter,centimeter
2.Explanation:
kilo-:
onethousand
e.g.kilowatt,kilobyte,kilohertz
3.Explanation:
syn-:
synonymous
e.g.synonym,synonymy,synchronous
4.Explanation:
super-:
extremely,moreorbetterthannormal
e.g.superhuman,supercomputer,superconductor,superego
5.Explanation:
sub-:
below;
lessthan;
under
e.g.sub-zero,subway,subset
6.Explanation:
astro-:
connectedwiththestarsorouterspace
e.g.astrophysics,astrology,astronomer
7.Explanation:
micro-:
small;
onasmallscale
e.g.microchip,micro-organism,microbe,microcosm
8.Explanation:
over-:
morethanusual;
toomuch
e.g.overconfident,overanxious,over-optimistic
II
GrammarExercises
1.
Thepresentperfecttensevs.thesimplepasttense
Thesimplepastreferstothedefinitepast.Thepresentperfectrefersto“thepastwithpresentrelevance.”Theactionorstatedenotedbythepresentperfecttense,thoughreferringtosomeindefinitehappeninginthepast,has
someconnectionwiththepresent.Hence,ifanactionorstatehappenedinthepastandhas
noconnectionwiththepresent,itwillhavetobeexpressedbythesimplepast.
Compare:
Hisfatherhasbeenateacherallhislife.（Hisfatherisstillalive.）
Hisfatherwasateacherallhislife.（Hisfatherisnowdead.）
I.Completethefollowingsentencesusingtheappropriateverbforms.
began//havehad
2.
A:
Have//talked
B:
Havetalked//talked
3.
He__hasinvented__（invent）hundredsofthings.Heisoneofthemostproductiveinventorsofourgeneration.
4.
have//telephoned//went
5.
havebeen
6.
hasgot（gotten）
7.
hasbeen
8.
haveforgotten
9.
Isyourfatherathome?
No,I’mafraidhe___hasgone____（go）out.
Whenexactly__didhego___（he,go）out?
Abouttenminutesago.
10.was//hasdisappeared.
1.a.simplepresentform;
b.“hasobtained”.
2.synonymousa.thespeaker’spointofview;
b.thelistener’sperspective.
3.a.definite;
b.indefinite
4.a.stillsuffering;
b.past
5.a.onthewayorinItaly;
b.leftItaly.
6.a.inthemorning;
b.afterthemorning
7.a.todayisnotfinishedandhemaydrinkmore;
b.simplyhappenedtoday.
8.a.passedaway;
b.stillliving.
1.havehad--have
2.havebeen–be
3.laying–lying
4.bore–bear
5.Rang--Rung
6.rised–risen
7.had–has
2.Connectives（because,as,since,seeingthat,for,becauseof）
Becauseisgenerallyusedwhenthereasonisthemostimportantpartofthesentence.
Asandsinceareusedwhenthereasonisalreadywellknown,oris
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