托福常用听力词汇Word文档格式.docx

托福常用听力词汇Word文档格式.docx

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Sublist10

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附录2：

常考学术词汇

艺术类

choreographer舞蹈编排家critic批评家satirist讽刺作家inventor发明家biographer自传作家sculptor雕塑家feminist女权主义者humanitarian人道主义者imagist意象派诗人precursor先驱

territory领域genre风格/体裁eccentric古怪的odd怪诞的/奇数的weird怪异的/不可思议的romantic浪漫的innocent天真的/无罪的emotional情绪的/情感的sentimental感伤的/多愁善感的rigid僵化的contemporary当代的acclaimed受欢迎的preeminent杰出的versatile（人）多才多艺的household家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine真正的authentic逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic象征性的immortal不朽的/神nostalgia怀旧主义/思乡emotive感人的prodigious巨大的classic典的

文学

pose散文diary日记autobiography传记narrativeprose叙述性descriptiveprose描写性essay随笔poetry诗歌ballad民谣lullaby催眠曲fiction小说allegory寓言fairytale童话legend传说

model人物原型leadingcharacter主人公mainplot主要情节prelude序曲prologue序言epilogue尾声

literarycriticism文学批评literarystudies文学研究schoolsofliterature文学流派comparativeliterature比较文学realism现实主义surrealism超现实主义futurism未来主义modernism现代主义aestheticism唯美主义

音乐

musicalinstrument乐器orchestra（管弦）乐队pounddrum击鼓footbeat跺脚movement乐章folkmusic民间音乐popmusic流行音乐classicalmusic古典音乐Jazz爵士乐symphony交响乐rockandroll摇滚乐windmusic管乐string弦乐

violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴harp竖琴horn号；

喇叭clarinet单簧管oboe双簧管keyboardinstrument键盘乐器

vocalmusic声乐concerto协奏曲sonata奏鸣曲solo独奏/独唱duet二重唱conducting指挥accompaniment伴奏quality音质

volume音量chord和弦harmony和声rest休止time节拍lullaby催眠曲prelude序曲

经济

Customer顾客commodity商品bankloan银行贷款interest利息TheGreatDepression大萧条consumerism消费主义affluence富裕，富足

美术

finearts美术oilpainting油画watercolor水彩画tempera蛋彩画sketch速写/素描poster海报/招贴画charcoaldrawing木炭画fresco壁画engraving版画landscapepainting风景画stilllife静物画portrait肖像画

pigment颜色，色素canvas油画布brush画笔drawingboard画板perspective透视画法original原作copy临本reproduction/replica复制品gallery美术馆paste裱糊framing装框

sculpture雕塑sculptor雕塑家figurine小雕像bust半身雕塑像statue塑像unique独特的

考古学

archaeology考古学paleontology古生物学anthropology人类学originate起源于ancestor祖先homogeneous同以种族（种类）的tribe部落clan氏族excavation挖掘excavate挖掘ruins遗迹remains遗产artifact手工艺品relic遗物antique古物

StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge青铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的

skull颅骨fossil化石ancientcivilization古代文明caveman山顶洞人culturalrelics文物rockpainting岩画

地质学

crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳layer/stratum地层stratigraphy地层学fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift/crack/split断裂disintegration/decomposition分解erosion腐蚀

fossil化石sedimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩limestone石灰岩granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma/moltenlava岩浆quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble碎石silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石

glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch/age/period冰川期glacialdrift冰渍iceberg冰山volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山（sloping）shieldvolcano盾状火山（平缓）（steep-sided）conevolcano锥状火山（陡峭）eruption火山喷发crater火山口caldera（开口较大的）火山口depression洼地，凹陷处；

盆地lava火山岩浆volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火山灰geyser间歇喷泉hotspring温泉

earthquake/quake/tremor/seism地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismicintensityscale震烈度seismicwave地震波transversewave横波longitudinalwave纵波epicenter震中epicentraldistance震中距aftershock余震cataclysm灾变tsunami/tidal/force海啸undersealandslide海底山崩meltglobalwarming全球逐渐变暖

aquifer蓄水