浙江省杭州市中考英语试题368659.docx

浙江省杭州市中考英语试题368659.docx

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浙江省杭州市中考英语试题368659

绝密★启用前

浙江省杭州市2018年中考英语试题

第I卷（选择题）

第II卷（非选择题）

一、阅读单选

WhenCanadianteenagerRyanwassixyearsold,histeachertoldhimthatmanypartsofAfrica,therewasnocleanwater.Shesaidthatpeopleoftenmadethemselvesill,andevendied,justfromdrinkingorbathingindirtywater.

WhatshesaidmadeRyanupset.Hedecidedtoraisemoneyforawell（井）sothatpeopleinAfricacouldhavecleanwater.Hedidextrachoresforhisparentsandraised$70allbyhimself.Thenhefoundoutthatitactuallycost$2,000todigawell.

Mostpeoplewouldhavegivenupatthispoint,butnotRyan.Hewasdisappointed,butdeterminedtorisemoremoney.FinallyhecollectedoverS2,000.Thatmoneywasusedtodigthefirstof"Ryan’swells".

Sincethen,Ryanhascontinuedtoraisemoneyformorewells.Infact,Ryanhasraisedover$1,500,000!

Ryancallshimself“anormalboy"andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhe'snotinschoolortravellingaroundtheworldtalkingtootherstudentsabouthimselfandhiswork.Asforthefuture,hehassaidthatheisn'texactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo."Somethingalongthelinesofalawyerorateacher.Maybealeader!

"

1．Ryan’steachertoldhimaboutthewaterprobleminAfricainorderto_______.

A．encourageRyantodigwellsforpeopleinAfrica

B．askRyantoraisemoneyforpoorpeopleinAfrica

C．makeRyanfeelunhappyanddisappointed

D．educateRyantocareaboutAfricanpeopleindifficulty

2．WhatdoesRyanthinkofhimselfaccordingtothepassage?

A．Heisdifferentfromotherstudentsinmanyways.

B．Henevergivesupwhenhehasdecidedtodosomething.

C．Heistalentedandcandomanygreatthingsinthefuture.

D．He'slikeotherstudentswithhisownhobbyanddreams.

3．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．RyanandHisTeacher

B．RyanandHisWells

C．RyanandHisMoney

D．RyanandHisFuture

【答案】

1．D

2．D

3．B

【解析】文章大意：

本文讲述了加拿大的少年Ryan在学习到非洲人民处于非常缺少净水的时候，筹钱为那些缺水的地区建造水井的故事。

1．推理判断题。

根据Shesaidthatpeopleoftenmadethemselvesill,andevendied,justfromdrinkingorbathingindirtywater.老师告诉他缺水地区的情况，可知老师是教育学生们要关注那些有困难的非洲人民，故答案选D。

2．细节判断题。

根据Ryancallshimself“anormalboy"andlikestoplayicehockeywhenhe'snotinschoolortravellingaroundtheworldtalkingtootherstudentsabouthimselfandhiswork.Asforthefuture,hehassaidthatheisn'texactlysurewhathewillchoosetodo.可知，Ryan感觉自己是一个平常人，有自己的爱好和梦想，故答案选D。

3．标题判断题。

根据hecollectedoverS2,000.Thatmoneywasusedtodigthefirstof"Ryan’swells".他收集了2000多美元用来挖第一口井，以及Ryanhascontinuedtoraisemoneyformorewells.Infact,Ryanhasraisedover$1,500,000!

Ryan继续为更多的井筹集资金，事实上，Ryan已经筹集了超过150万美元，可知本文主要是讲述Ryan和他的水井，故答案选B。

Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?

Believeitornot,that’sexactlywhatworldleadersdidatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015.

Duringthemeal,theworldleadersenjoyeddisheslikesaladsandburgersmadewiththrown-awayvegetablesandfruits.ChefDanBarber,whohelpedcreatethemeal,hopedthattheexperiencewouldmaketheleaderspaymoreattentiontotheissueoffoodwaste.

Itisahugeproblem.OneoutofninepeopleonEarthdoesnotgetenoughfood.Yeteveryyearoveronethirdofthefoodproducedworldwidegoestowaste!

Whyissomuchfoodwasted?

Firstly,foodisoftenthrownawaybeforeitreachescustomersbecausetoomuchofitisproduced,orbecauseitisnotkeptproperlyinfarms.Secondly,shopsandsupermarketsusuallythrowawayunsoldfood.Finally,customersoftenbuymorefoodthantheyneed,soalotofuneatenfoodiswasted.

Howcanyouwastelessfood?

Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.Visitfastfoodrestaurantslessoften,sincetheyareusuallymorewasteful.Encourageyourfavoriterestaurantstogiveunsoldfoodtofoodbanks.

Youcanalsowastelessfoodathome.Usesmallerricebowlssothatyouservelessrice.Encouragefamilymemberstouseunfinishedricetomakericepuddings.Tellfamilymemberstomakeashoppinglistandbuyonlywhatisonthelistwhenshoppingforfood.

Foodwasteisagrowingproblemandwe,eitherfarmersorfoodsellersorcustomers,musttakethisproblemmoreseriouslyanddowhatwecantohelp.

4．WhatdidworldleadersdoatalunchheldbytheUnitedNationsin2015?

A．Theythrewawayfoodaswasteduringthemeal.

B．Theymadedisheswithwastevegetablesandfruits

C．Theyatefoodmadewithwastevegetablesandfruits.

D．TheyhelpedChefDanBarbercreatethespecialmeal.

5．Theunderlinedword"issue"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.

A．result

B．problem

C．cause

D．beginning

6．ThewriterorganizesParagraph4byaskingaquestionand______.

A．givingexamples

B．usingnumbers

C．listingreasons

D．tellingastory

7．Whichwayofwastinglessfoodismentionedinthepassage?

A．Buyingunsoldfoodfromsupermarkets.

B．Keepingfoodproperlyinafridge.

C．Usingsmallerricebowlswheneatingout.

D．Askingforlessfoodinrestaurants.

【答案】

4．C

5．B

6．C

7．D

【解析】文章大意：

本文主要介绍了世界上还有很多人没有足够的食物，但是全球每年三分之一的食物会被浪费掉。

文中告诉我们如何少浪费食物。

比如，我们外出吃饭时要少点东西，把剩下的饭菜带回家，去快餐店吃饭次数要少一些等等。

食物浪费是一个日益严重的问题，我们应该认真对待这个问题，并尽量去帮助做一些力所能及的事情。

4．细节理解题。

根据文中的句子Whowantstoeatfoodthatisthrownawayaswaste?

谁愿意吃被扔掉的食物？

以及theworldleadersenjoyeddisheslikesaladsandburgersmadewiththrown-awayvegetablesandfruits.世界领导人享受用扔掉的蔬菜和水果做成的沙拉和汉堡之类的菜肴，可知他们吃的是用废弃蔬菜和水果制成的食物，故答案选C。

5．词义猜测题。

句意：

希望这一次经验能让领导们更加关注食品浪费的____，根据下文Itisahugeproblem.这是一个大问题，可知此处应是“问题”，故答案选B。

6．细节理解题。

根据文中的句子Howcanyouwastelessfood?

Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.Visitfastfoodrestaurantslessoften,sincetheyareusuallymorewasteful.Encourageyourfavoriterestaurantstogiveunsoldfoodtofoodbanks.你怎样才能少浪费食物呢？

外出就餐时，你可以要求少吃点，把剩下的东西带回家。

少去快餐店，因为它们通常更浪费。

鼓励你喜欢的餐厅将未出售的食物提供给食物银行；可知，作者通过提问和列举原因来组织第四段，故答案选C。

7．细节理解题。

根据文中的句子Howcanyouwastelessfood?

Wheneatingout,youmayaskforlessfoodandtakehomewhatisleft.你怎样才能少浪费食物呢？

外出就餐时，你可以要求少吃点，把剩下的东西带回家。

可知，在餐厅点餐时点更少的食物是减少浪费食物的方法，故答案选D。

Bananasaretheperfectsnack.Notonlyaretheysweetanddelicious,buttheyareeasytocarryaround,soyoucantakethemanywhere.Bestofall,bananasprovidedifferentthingsthatthehumanbodyneeds!

Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain.Theygrowonplantsthatlookliketrees.Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatreebecauseitdoesn’thaveastrong,woodystem（干、茎）.Theplantscangrowashighas30feet.Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.Theseflowersproducebananas.

Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.Thebananasgrowtogether,whichseemlike"hands".Ahandismadeupof10to20bananas.Growerssometimescallbananas"fingers".Eachbunch（丛）ofbananashasabout15hands,andsoawholebunchmayhaveasmanyas200bananasandcanweighmorethan100pounds.

Afteraboutthreemonths,thebananasarereadytobepicked.Atthispoint,theystillaren'tthesunnyyellowcoloro:

bananas.Farmerspickthemwhenthey’regreen.That'showthey'reshippedtostores.Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.

Ifyoulovebananas,you'vegotalotofcompany.AmericanshavebeenenjoyingbananassincethefirstshipmentarrivedintheUnitedStatesin1876.Today

Americanseatmorebananasthananyotherfruit.Morebananasaresoldthanapplesandgrapestogether.EveryAmericaneatsover26poundsofbananaseachyear!

8．Thefirstparagraphmainlytalksabout______.

A．whypeoplelikebananas

B．howbananastaste

C．whatbananasarerichin

D．wherebananasaretaken

9．Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?

a.Thebananasbegintoturnyellow.

b.Abananaplantgrowstofullheight.

c.Theflowersproducebananas.

c.Thebananasarereadytobepicked.

A．c-b-a-d

B．b-c-d-a

C．b-c-a-d

D．c-b-d-a

10．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A．Thebananaplantisakindoftree.

B．Bananaslikegrowinginhotanddryareas.

C．Onebunchofbananasmayweighover100pounds.

D．Thebananaplantusuallyproducesfruitonceayear.

11．WhichisthesecondmostpopularfruitinAmericaaccordingtothebarchart?

A．Apples.

B．Grapes.

C．Bananas.

D．Oranges.

【答案】

8．A

9．B

10．C

11．A

【解析】文章大意：

这篇短文主要介绍了香蕉的优点，并对它的生长、生产、采摘、运输、出售等方面进行了详细的介绍。

8．段意归纳题。

根据第一段的内容Bananasaretheperfectsnack.Notonlyaretheysweetanddelicious,buttheyareeasytocarryaround,soyoucantakethemanywhere.Bestofall,bananasprovidedifferentthingsthatthehumanbodyneeds!

香蕉是完美的零食。

它们不仅香甜可口，而且很容易携带，所以你可以带他们去任何地方。

重要的是，香蕉提供了人体需要的不同的东西。

可知本段主要是讲人们为什么喜欢香蕉，故答案选A。

9．理解排序题。

根据文中对香蕉生长、生产、采摘的顺序描述首先是Theplantscangrowashighas30feet.Whentheyreachtheirfullheight,flowersgrowoutfromthestem.Theseflowersproducebananas.植物长到30英尺高，当它们最高时，花从茎上长出来，这些花生产香蕉；然后是Afteraboutthreemonths,thebananasarereadytobepicked.大约三个月后，香蕉就可以采摘了；最后是Farmerspickthemwhenthey’regreen.That'showthey'reshippedtostores.Theyturnyellowalongthewayandarereadytobesold.农民在绿色的时候采摘，这是他们被运送到商店的方式，它们一路变黄，准备被卖掉。

可知，B选项符合题意，故答案选B。

10．理解判断题。

A.Thebananaplantisakindoftree.香蕉是一种树；根据Thebananaplant,however,isconsideredaherbratherthanatreebecauseitdoesn’thaveastrong,woodystem.可知，香蕉不是一种树，故A选项错误。

B.Bananaslikegrowinginhotanddryareas.香蕉喜欢生长在炎热和干燥地区；根据Bananasgrowbestinwarmplacesthatgetlotsofrain.可知，香蕉生长在温暖而且雨水充足的地方，故B选项错误。

C.Onebunchofbananasmayweighover100pounds.一串香蕉可能超过100磅；根据Eachbunchofbananashasabout15hands,andsoawholebunchmayhaveasmanyas200bananasandcanweighmorethan100pounds.可知，C选项是正确的。

D.Thebananaplantusuallyproducesfruitonceayear.香蕉植物通常每年结一次果；根据Twoorthreetimeseachyear,theplantsproducefruit.可知这些植物每年结两三次果，故D选项错误。

本题是问哪个选项是正确的，故答案选C。