山东大学考博英语完形填空与阅读理解.docx

山东大学考博英语完形填空与阅读理解.docx

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山东大学考博英语完形填空与阅读理解

完形填空（1月六级真题）

Directions:

 Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C）andD）ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Whenwomendobecomemanagers，dotheyringadifferentstyleanddifferentskillstothejob?

Aretheybetter，orworse，managersthanmen?

Arewomenmorehighlymotivatedand__71__thanmalemanagers?

Someresearch__72__theideathatwomenbringdifferentattitudesandskillstomanagementjobs，suchasgreater__73__，anemphasisonaffiliationandattachment，anda__74__tobringemotionalfactorstobear__75__makingworkplacedecisions.Thesedifferencesare__76_tocarryadvantagesforcompanies，__77__theyexpandtherangeoftechniquesthatcanbeusedto__78__thecompanymanageitsworkforce__79__.

AstudycommissionedbytheInternationalWomen’sForum__80__amanagementstyleusedbysomewomenmanagers（andalsobysomemen）that__81__fromthecommand-and-controlstyle__82__usedbymalemanagers.Usingthis“interactiveleadership”approach，“women__83__participation，sharepowerandinformation，__84__otherpeople’sself-worth，andgetothersexcitedabouttheirwork.Allthese__85__reflecttheirbeliefthatallowing__86__tocontributeandtofeel__87__andimportantisawin-win__88__—goodfortheemployeesandtheorganization.”Thestudy’sdirector__89__that“interactiveleadershipmayemerge__90__themanagementstyleofchoiceformanyorganizations.”

71.A）confrontedB）commandedC）confinedD）committed

72.A）supportsB）arguesC）opposesD）despises

73.A）combinationB）cooperativenessC）coherenceD）correlation

74.A）willingnessB）loyaltyC）sensitivityD）virtue

75.A）byB）inC）atD）with

76.A）disclosedB）watchedC）revisedD）seen

77.A）thereforeB）whereasC）becauseD）nonetheless

78.A）helpB）enableC）supportD）direct

79.A）evidentlyB）preciselyC）aggressivelyD）effectively

80.A）developedB）inventedC）discoveredD）located

81.A）derivesB）differsC）descendsD）detaches

82.A）inherentlyB）traditionallyC）conditionallyD）occasionally

83.A）encourageB）dismissC）disapproveD）engage

84.A）enhanceB）enlargeC）ignoreD）degrade

85.A）themesB）subjectsC）researchesD）things

86.A）managersB）womenC）employeesD）males

87.A）faithfulB）powerfulC）skillfulD）thoughtful

88.A）situationB）statusC）circumstanceD）position

89.A） predictedB）proclaimedC）defiedD）diagnosed

90.A）intoB）fromC）asD）for

参照答案：

71.D72.A73.B74.A75.B76.D77.C78.A79.D80.C

81.B82.B83.A84.A85.D86.C87.B88.A89.A90.C

阅读理解

第一篇（95年六级）

Therelationshipbetweenthehomeand marketeconomieshasgonethroughtwodistinctstages.Earlyindustrializationbegantheprocessoftransferringsomeproductionprocesses（e.g.clothmaking，sewingandcanningfoods）fromthehometothe marketplace.Althoughthehome economy couldstillproducethesegoods，theprocesseswere laborious （费力）andthemarket economy wasusuallymoreefficient.Soon，themoreimportantsecondstagewasevident — themarketplacebeganproducinggoodsandservicesthathadneverbeenproducedbythehome economy，andthehome economy wasunabletoproducethem（e.g.electricityandelectricalappliances，theautomobile，advancededucation，sophisticatedmedicalcare）.Inthesecondstage，thequestionofwhetherthehomeeconomy waslessefficientinproducingthesenewgoodsandserviceswasirrelevant；ifthefamilyweretoenjoythesefruitsofindustrialization，theywouldhavetobeobtainedinthe marketplace.Thetraditionalwaysoftakingcareoftheseneedsinthehome，suchasinnursingthesick，became sociallyunacceptable（and，inmostseriouscases，probablyless successful）.Justastheappearanceoftheautomobilemadetheuseofthehorse-drawncarriageillegalandthenimpractical，andtheappearanceoftelevisionchangedtheradiofromasource ofentertainmenttoa source ofbackgroundmusic，somostofthefruitsofeconomicgrowthdidnotincreasetheoptionsavailabletothehome economy toeitherproducethegoodsorservicesorpurchasetheminthe market.Growthbroughtwithitincreasedvarietyin consumer goods，butnotincreasedflexibilityforthehome economy inobtainingthesegoodsandservices.Instead，economicgrowthbroughtwithitincreasedconsumer relianceonthe marketplace.Inordertoconsumethesenewgoodsandservices，thefamilyhadtoenterthe marketplaceaswageearnersand consumers.The neoclassical（新古典主义）modelthatviewsthefamilyasdecidingwhethertoproducegoodsandservicesdirectlyortopurchasetheminthe marketplaceisbasicallyamodelofthefirststage.Itcannotaccuratelybeappliedtothesecond（andcurrent）stage.

36.Thereasonwhymany