英美文学术语解释Word格式文档下载.docx

英美文学术语解释Word格式文档下载.docx

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英美文学名词解释kiwi

01.Humanism（人文主义）

HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.

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itemphasizesthedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimportanceofthepresentlife.Humanistsvoicedtheirbeliefsthatmanwasthecenteroftheuniverseandmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyofthepresentlife,buthadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandtoperformwonders.

02.Renaissance（文艺复兴）

Theword“Renaissance〞means“rebirth〞,itmeantthereintroductionintowestermEuropeofthefullculturalheritageofGreeceandRome.

theessenceoftheRenaissanceisHumanism.Attitudesandfeelingswhichhadbeencharacteristicofthe14thand15thcenturiespersistedwelldownintotheeraofHumanismandreformation.

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therealmainstreamoftheenglishRenaissanceistheElizabethandramawithwilliamshakespearebeingtheleadingdramatist.

03.Metaphysicalpoetry（玄学派诗歌）

Metaphysicalpoetryismonlyusedtonametheworkofthe17thcenturywriterswhowroteundertheinfluenceofJohnDonne.

witharebelliousspirit,theMetaphysicalpoetstriedtobreakawayfromtheconventionalfashionoftheElizabethanlovepoetry.

thedictionissimpleasparedwiththatoftheElizabethanortheNeoclassicalperiods,andechoesthewordsandcadencesofmonspeech.4>

theimageryisdrawnfromactuallife.

04.Classcism（古典主义）

Classcismreferstoamovementortendencyinart,literature,ormusicthatreflectstheprinciplesmanifestedintheartofancientGreeceandRome.Classicismemphasizesthetraditionalandtheuniversal,andplacesvalueonreason,clarity,balance,andorder.Classicism,withitsconcernforreasonanduniversalthemes,istraditionallyopposedtoRomanticism,whichisconcernedwithemotionsandpersonalthemes.

05.Enlightenment（启蒙运动）

EnlightenmentmovementwasaprogressivephilosophicalandartisticmovementwhichflourishedinfranceandsweptthroughwesternEuropeinthe18thcentury.

themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissancefrom14thcenturytothemid-17thcentury.

itspurposewastoenlightenthewholeworldwiththelightofmodernphilosophicalandartisticideas.

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itcelebratedreasonorrationality,equalityandscience.Itadvocateduniversaleducation.

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famousamongthegreatenlightenersinenglandwerethosegreatwriterslikeAlexanderpope.Jonathanswift.etc.

06.Neoclassicism（新古典主义）

Inthefieldofliterature,theenlightenmentmovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks.

thistendencyisknownasneoclassicism.TheNeoclassicistsheldthatformsofliteratureweretobemodeledaftertheclassicalworksoftheancientGreekandRomanwriterssuchasHomerandVirgilandthoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.

theybelievedthattheartisticidealsshouldbeorder,logic,restrainedemotionandaccuracy,andthatliteratureshouldbejudgedintermsofitsservicetohumanity.

07.TheGraveyardSchool（墓地派诗歌）

TheGraveyardSchoolreferstoaschoolofpoetsofthe18thcenturywhosepoemsaremostlydevotedtoasentimentallamentationormeditationonlife.Pastandpresent,withdeathandgraveyardasthemes.

ThomasGrayisconsideredtobetheleadingfigureofthisschoolandhisElegywritteninacountrychurchyardisitsmostrepresentativework.

08.Romanticism（浪漫主义）

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Inthemid-18thcentury,anewliterarymovementcalledromanticismcametoEuropeandthentoEngland.

Itwascharacterizedbyastrongprotestagainstthebondageofneoclassicism,whichemphasizedreason,orderandelegantwit.Instead,romanticismgaveprimaryconcerntopassion,emotion,andnaturalbeauty.

Inthehistoryofliterature.Romanticismisgenerallyregardedasthethoughtthatdesignatesaliteraryandphilosophicaltheorywhichtendstoseetheindividualastheverycenterofalllifeandexperience.4>

TheEnglishromanticperiodisanageofpoetrywhichprevailedinEnglandfrom1798to1837.ThemajorromanticpoetsincludeWordsworth,ByronandShelley.

09.ByronicHero（拜伦式英雄）

Byronicheroreferstoaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin.

withimmensesuperiorityinhispassionsandpowers,thisByronicHerowouldcarryonhisshoulderstheburdenofrightingallthewrongsinacorruptsociety.Andwouldrisesingle-handedlyagainstanykin