高考英语阅读解题技巧强化Word文档格式.docx
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有的同学甚至形成一种错误的观点觉得阅读训练的越多，得分反而越少。
特别是五月份衡阳市联考的英语阅读试题中第二篇第63题，大部分同学包括一些英语成绩平时非常优秀的同学选错答案，这种现象不禁引起了我的深思。
就其原因，尽管我们已经做过有关阅读细节理解，推理判断等专题训练，却忽略了阅读理解选项中复述句与推理句的区别及相关训练，使得学生此方面能力仍然比较薄弱，能够取得的进步当然也就受到了限制。
（衡阳市2009年五月联考题阅读理解第二篇）
63.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?
（正确答案为A）
但是绝大部分同学选D.（Aqualifiedpilothastopasscomprehensiveexaminationsonpoliticalandmilitarytheory）.即使在已经给出正确答案后，他们还是觉得无法理解。
其实这个句子是对原文Theyhadalsopassedcomprehensiveexaminationsonpoliticalandmilitarytheory,flightskills,managementandmentalhealth的复述，而非推断。
因此加强此题型的分析与训练是非常必要的。
我制作了两个多媒体课件作为对学生的一个专题训练，并取得了很好的效果。
在课件中我采取了以下几个步骤：
．从概念上着手辨析复述与推理的区别。
复述（Restatement）是用另一种表达方式来表达句子，但它所表达的观点与原文是一致的。
而推断（inference）是根据原文所给的信息得出的一个推断或结论。
．强调推理判断题的设问方式。
1.Whatisimpliedinthesentence（s）...?
2.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat
3.Thepassageimplies/suggeststhat
4.Itcanbeinferred/seen/concludedfromthepassagethat
5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthispassage?
6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthispassage?
7.Whichofthefollowingconclusionscouldbestbedrawnfromthepassage?
8.Basedonthepassage,wecanassumethat
9.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheauthoris
10.InWhichofthefollowingpublicationswouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?
11.Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewouldmostprobablydiscuss
12.Whatwouldtheparagraphprecedingthispassageprobablydiscuss?
.具体分析所给选项的类型和特点。
含有推理判断要求的题目一般以下面四种形式选项的句子出现：
1.复述句或纯粹是重复原文
2.是根据原文得出的推理或判断。
3.有些选项表面上看起来非常像是对原文的推断，但根据原文信息它其实是错误的推断。
4.有些句子看起来是对的，或根据常识是正确句子，但它实际上与原文无关，不能由原文推断出它的正误。
.通过典型例子分析与训练加强学生的辨别能力。
题目类型均为：
Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthispassage?
训练1.
Heavysmokersanddrinkersrunafifteentimes
greaterriskofdevelopingcancerofthemouthandthroatthannon-smokersandnon-drinkers.
A.Cancerofthemouthandthroatismorelikelytooccurinheavysmokersanddrinkersthaninnon-smokersandnon-drinkers.
B.Peoplewhoneversmokeordrinkwillnotgetmouthorthroatcancer.
C.Heavydrinkerswhorunhaveagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthannon-drinkers.
D.Peoplewouldprobablybehealthieriftheydidnotdrinkorsmoke.
正确答案D（80%左右的同学误选A）。
Explanation：
“A”isthelikeliestanswerthatthestudentswillchoose.arestatementoftheoriginalsentence.Ifheavysmokersanddrinkersrunagreaterriskofdevelopingcancerthanthosewhodonotsmokeordrink,thencancerismorelikelytooccurinheavysmokersanddrinkers.
“B”isnottruethatpeoplewhoneversmokeordrinkwillnevergetmouthorthroatcancer.Weonlyknowthattheyarelesslikelytogetthiskindofcancer.
“C”isnottrue.Theword“run”intheoriginalsentenceispartofthephrase“torunariskof”,whichmeans“tobeindanger”.Thesentencedoesnottellusanythingaboutheavydrinkerswhoenjoythesportofrunning.
“D”isaninferencewhichcanbedrawnfromtheinformationgiven.Ifpeoplewhosmokeanddrinkheavilyrunahighriskofdevelopingcancer,thenwecaninferthatpeopleprobablywouldbehealthieriftheydon‘tsmokeordrinktoomuch.
训练2.
Nineoutoftendoctorsrespondingtoasurveysaidtheyrecommendourproducttotheirpatientsiftheyrecommendanything.
A.Nineoutoftendoctorsrecommendtheproduct.
B.Iftheyrecommendanything,nineoutoftendoctorsrespondingtoasurveyrecommendtheproduct.
C.Mostdoctorsrecommendtheproduct.
D.Wedon’tknowhowmanydoctorsrecommendtheproduct.
正确答案D（70%左右的同学误选C）
Nineoutoftendoctorswhorespondtoasurveydoesn’tmeanthenumberofallthedoctorsinallthehospitals.Maybeallofthesetendoctorsarethesamehospital.So“A”andOption“C”can’tbebasedontheoriginalsentences.OptionBisonlyarestatement.
训练3.
Oftenpeoplewhoholdhigherpositioninagivengroupoverestimatetheirperformance,whilepeopleinthelowestlevelsofthegroupunderestimatetheirs.Whilethismaynotalwaysbetrue,itdoesindicatethatoftentheactualpositioninthegrouphasmuchtodowiththefeelingofpersonalconfidenceapersonmayhave.Thus,memberswhoholdthehigherpositionsinagrouporfeelthattheyhaveanimportantparttoplayinthegroupwillprobablyhavemoreconfidenceintheirownperformance.
A.
Ifpeoplehaveconfidenceintheirownperformance,theywillachievehighpositioninagroup.
B.
Ifweletpeopleknowtheyareanimportantpartofagroup,theywillprobablybecomemoreself-confident.
C.
Peoplewhoholdlowpositioninagroupoftenoverestimatetheirperformance.
D.
Peopleinpositionsofpowerinagroupmayfeeltheydobetterworkthantheyreallydo.
E.
Peoplewithhigherpositionsinagroupdobetterwo
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