职称英语考试《卫生类》模拟试题及答案051121Word文档下载推荐.docx

职称英语考试《卫生类》模拟试题及答案051121Word文档下载推荐.docx

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1、Cancer

Cancerisagroupofmanyrelateddiseasesthatbeginincells,thebody'

sbasicbuildingblocks.Thebodyismadeupofmanytypesofcells.Normallycellsgrowanddividetoproducemorecellsastheyareneededtokeepthebodyhealthy.Sometimes,thisorderlyprocessgoeswrong.Newcellsformwhenthebodydoesnotneedthem,andoldcellsdonotdiewhentheyshould.Theextracellsformamassoftissuecalledagrowthortumor.Benign（良性的）tumorsarenotcancer.Theycanoftenberemovedand,inmostcases,theydonotcomeback.Malignant（恶性的）tumorsarecancer.Cellsinmalignanttumorsareabnormalanddividewithoutcontrolororder.

Scientistshavelearnedthatcanceriscausedbychangesingenesthatnormallycontrolthegrowthanddeathofcells.Certainlifestyleandenvironmentalfactorscanchangesomenormalgenesintogenesthatallowthegrowthofcancer.Manygenechangesthatleadtocanceraretheresultoftobaccouse,diet,exposuretoultravioletradiationfromthesun,orexposuretocarcinogens（致癌物）intheworkplaceorintheenvironment.Somegenealterationsareinherited.

Cancertreatmentcanincludesurgery,radiationtherapy,chemotherapy（化疗）,hormonetherapy,andbiologicaltherapy.Thedoctormayuseonemethodoracombinationofmethods,dependingonthetypeandlocationofthecancer,whetherthediseasehasspread,thepatient'

sageandgeneralhealth,andotherfactors.Becausetreatmentforcancercanalsodamagehealthycellsandtissues,itoftencausessideeffects.Patientsanddoctorsgenerallydiscussthetreatmentoptions,weighingthelikelybenefitsofkillingcancercellsandtherisksofpossiblesideeffects.

Havingcancerdoesnotalwaysmeanhavingpain.Whetherapatienthaspainmaydependonthetypeofcancer,theextentofthedisease,andthepatient'

stoleranceforpain.Mostpainoccurswhenthecancergrowsandpressesagainstbones,organs,ornerves.Painmayalsobeasideeffectoftreatment.However,paincangenerallyberelievedorreducedwithprescriptionmedicinesorover-the-counterdrugsrecommendedbythedoctor.

Paragraph2____.

【单选题】

A.Doescanceralwayscausepain

B.Cancancerbeprevented

C.Whatiscancer

D.Howcommoniscancer

E.Whatcausescancer

F.Howiscancertreated

正确答案:

E

答案解析:

第二段主题句为第一句，其意思是：

科学家研究证明，癌症是由正常情况下控制细胞生长和死亡的基因发生突变引起的。

由此推断，该段回答了E选项“Whatcausescancer?

”所提问题，故E为正确答案。

2、Cancer

Canceroccurswhencellsinthebodydividewithout____.

A.prescriptionmedicines

B.controlororder

C.toleranceforpain

D.variousfactors

E.normalgenes

F.differentgenessideeffects

B

根据题干线索词cells定位原文至第一段，其中最后两句提到“Malignant（恶性的）tumorsarecancer.Cellsinmalignanttumorsareabnormalanddividewithoutcontrolororder”，由此推断，句中画线