职称英语考试《卫生类》模拟试题及答案051121Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、1、CancerCancer is a group of many related diseases that begin in cells, the bodys basic building blocks. The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally cells grow and divide to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. Sometimes, this orderly process goes wrong. New cells

2、 form when the body does not need them, and old cells do not die when they should. The extra cells form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor. Benign （良性的） tumors are not cancer. They can often be removed and, in most cases, they do not come back. Malignant （恶性的） tumors are cancer. Cells in mali

3、gnant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order.Scientists have learned that cancer is caused by changes in genes that normally control the growth and death of cells. Certain lifestyle and environmental factors can change some normal genes into genes that allow the growth of cancer. Ma

4、ny gene changes that lead to cancer are the result of tobacco use, diet, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, or exposure to carcinogens （致癌物） in the workplace or in the environment. Some gene alterations are inherited.Cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy

5、（化疗）, hormone therapy, and biological therapy. The doctor may use one method or a combination of methods, depending on the type and location of the cancer, whether the disease has spread, the patients age and general health, and other factors. Because treatment for cancer can also damage healthy cel

6、ls and tissues, it often causes side effects. Patients and doctors generally discuss the treatment options, weighing the likely benefits of killing cancer cells and the risks of possible side effects.Having cancer does not always mean having pain. Whether a patient has pain may depend on the type of

7、 cancer, the extent of the disease, and the patients tolerance for pain. Most pain occurs when the cancer grows and presses against bones, organs, or nerves. Pain may also be a side effect of treatment. However, pain can generally be relieved or reduced with prescription medicines or over-the-counte

8、r drugs recommended by the doctor.Paragraph 2_.【单选题】A.Does cancer always cause painB.Can cancer be preventedC.What is cancerD.How common is cancerE.What causes cancerF.How is cancer treated正确答案:E答案解析:第二段主题句为第一句，其意思是：科学家研究证明，癌症是由正常情况下控制细胞生长和死亡的基因发生突变引起的。由此推断，该段回答了E选项“What causes cancer?”所提问题，故E为正确答案。

9、2、CancerCancer occurs when cells in the body divide without_.A.prescription medicinesB.control or orderC.tolerance for painD.various factorsE.normal genesF.different genes side effectsB根据题干线索词cells定位原文至第一段，其中最后两句提到“Malignant（恶性的）tumors are cancer. Cells in malignant tumors are abnormal and divide without control or order”，由此推断，句中画线