南海问题 杨燕怡文档格式.docx

南海问题 杨燕怡文档格式.docx

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　　（February16,2016）

　　RecentweekshaveseenfurtherworryingmovesinBrussels.TheEuropeanCommissionopenednewanti-dumpinginvestigationsonsteelproductsoriginatingfromChina,andtheEuropeansteelindustryorganisedademonstrationagainstso-calledChinesedumpingontheEUmarketandthegrantingofMarketEconomyStatusforChina.

　　Theprotectionistsentimentisworryingandtheconfrontationalapproachisregrettableandmisleading.

　　Nobodyshouldbeunderanyillusion:

overcapacity,includingexcessivecapacityoftheglobalsteelsector,isoneofthemanychallengesweareallfacedwith.NotonlyhastheEuropeansteelindustrysectorbeenhardhit,ironandsteelindustriesinChinaandmanyotheremergingeconomiesarebearingthebrunt,sufferingbadlyfromexcessiveproductionandflaggingdemand.

　　Accordingtosomeestimates,areductionofovercapacityby30%inthoseindustrieswiththemostexcesscapacity–ironandsteel,coal,cement,shipbuilding,aluminiumandflatglass–isexpectedtoaffecttheemploymentofthreemillionworkers.

　　NottomentionthatChinaisalsoconfrontedwithmanyotherdauntingtasks:

liftingtheremaining70millionpeopleoutofpoverty,advancingindustrialisationtotransformChinaintoapost-industrialsociety,rebalancingtheeconomyfrominvestmentandnetexportstoconsumptionandinnovation.

　　Thesituationisseriousandrequiresaresponse.

　　Butwhatkindofresponse?

Grumble,curse,cutthegroundfromunderothers'

feet,retreatintoprotectionismandbeateachother'

sthroats?

　　Ifhistoryservesasaguide,theseareunwelcomeifnotirresponsibleresponses.Theymayhelpwithventingone'

sangerandfrustrationandobtainshort-termgains,butfailtoserveone'

slong-termself-interestandthecommoninterestofall.

　　Obviously,howtorespondtochallengesbelongstothecompetenceofeachandeverycountry.IonlywishtosharewhatwebelievetobethebestpossibleapproachandoptionandwhatChinahasbeendoingandwillcontinuetodowithregardtotheissueonhand.

　　Steelproductionhalted

　　First,digesttheproblemandnotdumpitontoother'

sdoorsteps.

　　DevelopmentofthesteelindustryinChinaismainlytomeetitsdomesticdemand,ratherthantoexporttoothercountries.

　　Toeffectivelydealwiththeovercapacityproblems,Chinahastakentoughmeasurestocontrolnewcapacity.Painfulasitis,Chinahascutitssteelindustrycapacitybymorethan90milliontonsoverthepastfewyearsandinvestmentinironandsteelassetsby13%lastyearandthegrowthofChinesesteelproductionhasbasicallycometoahalt.

　　Tocontinuetoaddressovercapacityinaseriousandresolutemanner,Chinahasmadeeliminationofovercapacitythetoppriorityforthisyearandwillcutthesteelindustrycapacitybyanother100-150milliontons.

　　'

Zombiecompanies'

　　Second,takethetacklingofovercapacityasanopportunitytoaccelerateeconomicrestructuring.

　　TheChinesewordfor"

crises"

ismadeupoftwocharacters,crisisandopportunity.

　　Guidedbyourconventionalwisdomthatopportunitiesareembeddedincrisesandthatwemustbegoodatgettingtogripswiththem,Chinaispushingthroughessentialreformsandrestructuringagainstallodds.

　　BeingfullyawarethatmuchofChina'

sindustrialovercapacityisheavilyconcentratedatthelowerendofthevaluecurve,wehavetakenrestructuringoftheironandsteelsectoranimportantpartofourendeavourtocompletethedifficulttransitionofmovingChinaawayfromaninvestment-ledeconomytoaconsumer-orientedone.

　　Chinaisactivelyrestructuringthesteelsectorbyeliminatingoutmodedcapacity,creatingexitstrategiesfor"

zombiecompanies"

basedonmarketrulesandencouragingpromotionofinnovation,technology,qualityandmanagementtomeetproductionsafety,energyconsumptionandenvironmentalprotectionstandards,therebyensuringaneffectivesupplyofhighqualityproducts.

　　Inaddition,wehaveputinplacestrictersupervisionoverlocalauthoritiestoguardagainstexcessproductionandtendencytoprotectenterpriseswithfavourablepolicies.

　　Trainingandrelocatingworkersfornewjobs

　　Third,supporttrainingandrelocatingworkersfornewjobsandbusinessestominimisethenegativeimpactoftransformation.

　　Likeelsewhereintheworld,pressureofglobalisationandreformandrestructuringhasitsimpactsonChinesesociety.Restructuringoftheironandsteelsectorgivesrisetoconcernsandworries.Yet,thereisacommonunderstandingthatthereispaintobetakenforchangeforthebetter.

　　Thistimearound,theChinesegovernmenthastakenupmeasurestohelpredundantlabourchange