南海问题 杨燕怡文档格式.docx

1、（February 16, 2016）Recent weeks have seen further worrying moves in Brussels. The European Commission opened new anti-dumping investigations on steel products originating from China, and the European steel industry organised a demonstration against so-called Chinese dumping on the EU market and the

2、granting of Market Economy Status for China.The protectionist sentiment is worrying and the confrontational approach is regrettable and misleading.Nobody should be under any illusion: overcapacity, including excessive capacity of the global steel sector, is one of the many challenges we are all face

3、d with. Not only has the European steel industry sector been hard hit, iron and steel industries in China and many other emerging economies are bearing the brunt, suffering badly from excessive production and flagging demand.According to some estimates, a reduction of overcapacity by 30% in those in

4、dustries with the most excess capacity iron and steel, coal, cement, ship building, aluminium and flat glass is expected to affect the employment of three million workers.Not to mention that China is also confronted with many other daunting tasks: lifting the remaining 70 million people out of pover

5、ty, advancing industrialisation to transform China into a post-industrial society, rebalancing the economy from investment and net exports to consumption and innovation.The situation is serious and requires a response.But what kind of response? Grumble, curse, cut the ground from under others feet,

6、retreat into protectionism and be at each others throats?If history serves as a guide, these are unwelcome if not irresponsible responses. They may help with venting ones anger and frustration and obtain short-term gains, but fail to serve ones long-term self-interest and the common interest of all.

7、Obviously, how to respond to challenges belongs to the competence of each and every country. I only wish to share what we believe to be the best possible approach and option and what China has been doing and will continue to do with regard to the issue on hand.Steel production haltedFirst, digest th

8、e problem and not dump it on to others doorsteps.Development of the steel industry in China is mainly to meet its domestic demand, rather than to export to other countries.To effectively deal with the overcapacity problems, China has taken tough measures to control new capacity. Painful as it is, Ch

9、ina has cut its steel industry capacity by more than 90 million tons over the past few years and investment in iron and steel assets by 13% last year and the growth of Chinese steel production has basically come to a halt.To continue to address overcapacity in a serious and resolute manner, China ha

10、s made elimination of overcapacity the top priority for this year and will cut the steel industry capacity by another 100-150 million tons.Zombie companiesSecond, take the tackling of overcapacity as an opportunity to accelerate economic restructuring.The Chinese word for crises is made up of two ch

11、aracters, crisis and opportunity.Guided by our conventional wisdom that opportunities are embedded in crises and that we must be good at getting to grips with them, China is pushing through essential reforms and restructuring against all odds.Being fully aware that much of Chinas industrial overcapa

12、city is heavily concentrated at the lower end of the value curve, we have taken restructuring of the iron and steel sector an important part of our endeavour to complete the difficult transition of moving China away from an investment-led economy to a consumer-oriented one.China is actively restruct

13、uring the steel sector by eliminating outmoded capacity, creating exit strategies for zombie companies based on market rules and encouraging promotion of innovation, technology, quality and management to meet production safety, energy consumption and environmental protection standards, thereby ensur

14、ing an effective supply of high quality products.In addition, we have put in place stricter supervision over local authorities to guard against excess production and tendency to protect enterprises with favourable policies.Training and relocating workers for new jobsThird, support training and reloc

15、ating workers for new jobs and businesses to minimise the negative impact of transformation.Like elsewhere in the world, pressure of globalisation and reform and restructuring has its impacts on Chinese society. Restructuring of the iron and steel sector gives rise to concerns and worries. Yet, there is a common understanding that there is pain to be taken for change for the better.This time around, the Chinese government has taken up measures to help redundant labour change