情报学理论与方法课件(理论部分)PPT推荐.ppt

情报学理论与方法课件(理论部分)PPT推荐.ppt

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是系统化了的理性认识。

具有全面性、逻辑性和系统性的特识。

具有全面性、逻辑性和系统性的特征。

理论的产生和发展既有社会实践决征。

理论的产生和发展既有社会实践决定，又有自身的相对独立性。

理论必须定，又有自身的相对独立性。

理论必须与实践相结合，离开实践的理论是空洞与实践相结合，离开实践的理论是空洞的理论。

科学的理论是在社会实践基础的理论。

科学的理论是在社会实践基础上产生并经过社会实践的检验和证明的上产生并经过社会实践的检验和证明的理论，是客观事物的本质、规律性的正理论，是客观事物的本质、规律性的正确反映。

确反映。

辞海辞海1999年版年版whatistheory?

Somebasicdefinitionsinclude:

ltheoryasasuppositionorsystemofideasexplainingsomething,especiallyonebasedongeneralprinciplesindependentofthefacts,phenomena,etc.,tobeexplained（e.g.,atomictheory,theoryofgravitation,evolution）;

.expositionoftheprinciplesofascience,etc.,（thetheoryofmusic）;

（Math.）collectionofpropositionstoillustrateprinciplesofasubject（probabilitytheory,theoryofequations）lOxfordEnglishDictionarylasetofexplanatoryconcepts（Silverman,1993,p.1）,lastatementorgroupofstatementsabouthowsomepartoftheworldworksfrequentlyexplainingrelationsamongphenomena（Vogt,1993,p.232）,laninternallyconnectedandlogicallyconsistentpropositionaboutrelationshipsamongphenomena（Odi,1982,p.313）,lasystematicexplanationfortheobservedfactsandlawsthatrelatetoaparticularaspectoflife（Babbie,1992,p.55）launified,systematicexplanationofadiverserangeofsocialphenomena“（Schwandt,1997,p.154）,lgeneralizationswhichseektoexplainrelationshipsamongphenomena（Grover&

Glazier,1986,p.228）.linthebroadsenseofadescriptionorexplanationofthenatureofthings,notinthemorerestrictedsense,usedinsomesciences,ofdenotingfundamentallawsformallystatedandfalsifiable.“（Buckland（1991,p.18）1.2情报学研究中涉及到的理论情报学研究中涉及到的理论l情报学缺乏好的理论，这是个众所周知的事实。

情报学缺乏好的理论，这是个众所周知的事实。

Hj0rland,B.,&

Albrechtsen,A.（1995）.lInformationsciencearetodelineatetheirdisciplinaryboundariesandbuildacentralbodyofknowledge,thentheyrequiretheirowntheoreticalbasesforframingresearchproblems,buildingarguments,andinterpretingempiricalresults.l情报学领域无疑需要建立一个统一的概念逻辑关系基础或“概念导航系统”（conceptualnavigationystem）。

THEORIESATTRIBUTEDTOISAUTHORSPettigrew,KarenE.&

Pettigrew,KarenE.&

McKechnieMcKechnie,Lynne,Lynne，20012001lAgostistwo-levelretrievalmodellAlbrechtsensdomainanalysistheorylBatessberrypickinglBatesshit-side-of-thebamprinciplelBelkin,Oddy&

BrooksAnomalousStatesofKnowledgelBrietsdocumentlBrooksequationforinformationsciencelChatmansinsider-outsidereffecttheorylEfthimiadis&

RobertsonsinteractivefeedbacktheorylEgghesinformationproductionprocesslEllissinformationseekingtheorylFroehlichsrelevancetheorylGarfieldscitationtheorylGoodhuestechnologytoperformancemodellHalterspsychologicaltheoryofrelevancelHeanyscataloguingtheorylHjorlandstheoryofsubjectsandsubjectanalysislIngwersensIRinteractionmodellIngwersenstheoryofknowledgestructureslKrikelassinformationseekingtheorylKuhlthausInformationSearchProcesslLiangsbasicentitymodelofinformationtheorylMarchioninisinformationseekingmodellMellonslibraryanxietylPaisleyssystemsmodellRanganathansbibliographicclassificationtheorylRocchio&

SaltonsvectorspacemodellSandstromsforagingtheorylSaracevicsinteractiveIRprocessmodellSaracevicstheoryofrelevancelSavolainenseverydaylifeinformationseekinglScahmber,Eisenberg&

NilanstheoryofrelevancelSerebnicksconceptualframeworkforresearchonselectionandcensorshiplSichelsgeneralizedinverseGaussian-PoissonprocessforinformetricmodelinglSoergelsuser-centeredapproachtoindexinglSwansonsundiscoveredpublicknowledgelTaylorsvalueaddednesslTaylorsinformationneedslTague-SutcliffestheoryofinformationmeasurementlVickery&

VickerysinformationtheorylWilsonssituationalrelevanceTHEORIESATTRIBUTEDTOAUTHORSINTHESCIENCESlBayesianregressiontheorylBradfordslawlChaostheorylChensconceptualmodelforstorageandretrievallDempster-ShafertheoryofevidencelFuzzysettheorylGraphtheorylGreekstemmeralgorithmlInformationexplorationparadigmlLotkaslawlMarkovchaintheorylNewtonianphysicstheorylProbabilitytheorylRelationaldatabasemodel/theorylRhetoricalstructuretheorylRoughsettheorylShannonsmathematicaltheoryofcommunicationlSimon-YuledistributionlTheoreticalaspectsofmultivariatedatalWienerscyberneticslZipfslawTHEORIESATTRIBUTEDTOAUTHORSINTHESOCIALSCIENCESlActivitytheorylAlienationtheorylAttitudetheorylAttributiontheorylBehavioristlearningtheorylBerger&

LuckmanssocialconstructionlBoisotsapproachtothepoliticaleconomyofinformationlBourdieussociologicaltheorybasedonhisconceptionoffieldslBrunerstheoryofinstructionlCameronsorganizationaleffectivenessmodelslCannibalismtheorylCliffordsculturalrelativitytheorylCommunicationtheorylCongruitytheorylConstructivistapproachtolearninglCriticaltheorylDalesconeofexperiencelDecisiontheoryldeSollaPricesinvisiblecollegesl