学年山东济南历城区二中高二上期周练英语卷含答案及解析Word格式.docx

学年山东济南历城区二中高二上期周练英语卷含答案及解析Word格式.docx

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一、阅读理解

1.Long-timeexposuretoairpollutioncanleadtophysicalchangesinthebrainandcausetroubleinlearningandmemory,andevenanxiety.Thisissuggestedbytheresultsofnewresearchonmice.

Whileotherstudieshaveshowntheharmfuleffectsofpollutedairinthelungsandheart,thisisthefirsttoshowthenegativeeffectonthebrain.

TheteamofLauraFonken,RandyNelson,fromtheOhioStateUniversity,USA,hasspreadtothebrainapreviouslineofresearchwhichfoundthatfineparticulate（微粒）matterfloatingintheairmainlybecauseofairpollutioncausedbyhumans,causesswellinginmuchofthebody,andmayberelatedtohighbloodpressureproblems,andsomeotherdiseases.

IntheresearchFonkenandhiscolleaguesexposedmicetopollutedairforsixhourseachday,fivedaysaweek,overaperiodof10months,almosthalftheaveragelifelengthofmice.

Pollutedaircontainsfineparticlescreatedbycars,factoriesandnaturaldust.Fineparticlesofthiskindaretiny,about2.5micrometersindiameter,oraboutone-thirtieththewidthofahumanhair.Theseparticlescangodeepintolungsandotherorgans.

Theconcentrationofthisparticulatematerialtowhichtheyexposedmiceisequaltotheconcentrationatwhichpeoplecanbeexposedinsomepollutedurbanareas.

Afteraperiodof10months,theresearchersgottheanimalstohaveaseriesofbehavioraltests.Boththebehaviorofmiceandtheresultsofneurological（神经的）testsdonetothemshowthatthosewithinthepollutedairhadmoreproblemsinlearningandmemory,andhigherlevelsofanxiety.

Theresultssuggestthatlong-timeexposuretopollutedaircanhavemeasurablenegativeeffectsonthehumanbrainandcancauseavarietyofmentalhealthproblems.Thiscouldhaveimportantconsequencesforthoselivingandworkinginpollutedurbanareas.

1.Theresultsofnewresearchonmicefirstsuggestthatpollutedairmainlydoesharmto________.

A.normalorgansB.lungsandheart

C.mentalhealthD.bloodpressure

2.Thebadeffectsoftinyparticlesinpollutedairarethoseexcept________.

A.highbloodpressureproblems

B.makinghumanhairthinner

C.differentkindsofdiseases

D.swellinginmuchofthebody

3.Fromthelastsentencewecaninferthatpeoplelivinginpollutedurbanareas________.

A.arelikelytosufferfrommentalproblems

B.canmeasurethenegativeeffectonthem

C.showlittleconcernforairpollution

D.canbeexposedtopollutedairlonger

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Long-timeExposuretoAirPollution

B.EvidenceandConcernofAirPollution

C.MeasurableEffectonHumanBrain

D.MentalProblemsCausedbyAirPollution

2.Tuvalu,atinycountryinthePacificOcean,hasaskedforhelpasitfearsitwillbeswallowedupbythesea.

StormsandhugewavesareaconstantthreatandnoneofTuvalu'

sninelittleislandsismorethanfivemetresabovesealevel.Saltwaterisalreadyenteringthecountry'

sdrinkingwatersupply,aswellasdamagingplantsthatproducefruitandvegetable.Withouturgenthelp,thecountry'

sdaysarenumbered.

ButTuvaluisnotthefirstplacetofacesinkingintothesea.Venice,ahistoriccityinItalybestknownforitscanals,hassunkabout24cmoverthepast100years.Expertssaythatitwillhavesunkanother24cmby2050.Acenturyago,St.Mark'

sSquare,thelowestpointinthecity,floodedaboutninetimesayear.Nowadays,ithappensmorethan100times.WhileVeniceisslowlysinkingintothemudonwhichitstands,Tuvalu'

srisingsealeveliscausedbyglobalwarming.

Theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedbyalmost0.5centigradedegreesoverthepastcentury,scientistsexpectittorisebyextra1.3degreesoverthenext100years.

Warmerweathermakesglaciers（冰川）melt,addingmorewatertotheocean.Thewarmertemperaturesalsomakewaterexpand,soittakesupmorespace,causingthesealeveltorise.Thesealevelhasrisen10.25cminthelast100years.

Themaincauseofglobalwarmingishumanpollution.Throughburningcoal,oilandgas,peoplehavebeenincreasingthegreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasCO2.Thisaddstothepowerofthegreenhouseeffect,makingtheplanetevenwarmer.

Manyscientistsbelievethat,ifthewarmingisnotstopped,therewillbehugeclimatechanges.Thesealevelcouldrisebyonemeterthiscentury.

________Shouldthiscometrue,theseawillswallowupmillionsofhomesandtheworldwillbefloodedwith"

climaterefugees"

lookingforsomewheretolive.

1.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat.

A.Tuvaluisindangerofbeingswallowedupbythesea

B.allTuvalu'

s