6150车床改造英语文献Word文件下载.doc

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sfirstelectroniccomputer,whichshowsthathumanbeingscreatedtoenhanceandreplacesomeofthementalworktools.Itandhumanagriculture,industrialsocietyinthecreationofthosewhomerelyincreasecomparedtomanualtools,fromaqualitativeleapformankind'

sentryintotheinformationsocietylaidthefoundation.Sixyearslater,in1952,computertechnologyappliedtothemachineintheUnitedStateswasbornfirstCNCmachinetools.Sincethen,thetraditionalmachineproducedaqualitativechange.NearlyhalfacenturysincetheCNCsystemhasexperiencedtwophasesandsixgenerationsofdevelopment.

1.1,NumericalControl（NC）phase（1952to1970）

Earlycomputer'

scomputationalspeedlowandtheprevailingscientificcomputinganddataprocessingisnotaffected,butcannotmeettherequirementsofreal-timecontrolmachine.Peoplehavetousedigitallogiccircuit"

tied"

intoasinglemachineasadedicatedcomputernumericalcontrolsystem,knownasthehardwareconnectionNC（HARD-WIREDNC）,calledtheNumericalControl（NC）.Withthedevelopmentofcomponentsofthisphaseafterthreegenerations,thatis,in1952thefirstgeneration-tube;

1959ofthesecondgeneration-transistor;

1965ofthethirdgeneration-small-scaleintegratedcircuits.

1.2,ComputerNumericalControl（CNC）phase（1970topresent）

To1970,GMhasbeenasmallcomputerandmass-produced.SoittransplantsystemasthecorecomponentofNC,haveenteredaComputerNumericalControl（CNC）stage（inf

rontofthecomputershouldbe"

universal"

wordomitted）.To1971,theUnitedStatesINTELcompanyintheworldwillbethefirsttimethetwomostcorecomputercomponents-computingandcontroller,alarge-scaleintegratedcircuittechnologyintegrationinachip,calledthemicroprocessor（MICROPROCESSOR）,alsoknownasthecentralprocessingunit（CPU）.1974microprocessortobeusedinCNCsystem.Thisisbecausethefunctionofthecomputeristoosmalltocontrolamachinetoolcapacityaffluent（thetimehasbeenusedtocontrolmorethanonemachine,calledGroupControl）,asareasonableeconomicuseofthemicroprocessor.Minicomputerreliabilityandthennotideal.Earlymicroprocessorspeedandfunctionalitywhilestillnothighenough,butcanbeadoptedtosolvethemulti-processorarchitecture.Asmicroprocessorcoreisageneralcomputercomponents,itisstillknownastheCNC.By1990,PCmachines（personalcomputers,domestichabitsthatcomputer）performancehasbeendevelopedtoahighstage,asaCNCsystemtomeettherequirementsofthecorecomponents.NCsystembasedonPChasnowenteredthestage.

Inshort,CNChasalsoexperiencedastagethreegenerations.Thatis,in1970'

sfourthgeneration-smallcomputer;

1974ofthefifthgeneration-microprocessorsandthesixth-generation1990-BasedonthePC（calledPC-BASEDabroad）.

Alsopointedoutthat,althoughtheforeigncomputerhasbeenrenamedNC（CNC）,butChinastillcustomarysaidNumericalControl（NC）.Therefore,westressthe

day-to-day"

NC"

inessence,isthat"

computernumericallycontrolled."

1.3,thetrendoffuturedevelopmentofNC

1.3.1continuetoopen,thesixthgenerationofPC-baseddevelopment

BasedonthePCwiththeopen,low-cost,highreliability,richinresourcessuchashardwareandsoftwarefeatures,andmoreCNCsystemmanufacturerswillembarkonthispath.AtleastitusedPCasafront-endmachine,todealwiththehuman-machineinterface,programming,networking

andcommunicationsproblems,theformerNCSomesystemshavethemandate.PCmachinewiththefriendlyinterface,willbeuniversaltoallCNCsystem.Remotecommunications,remotediagnosticsandmaintenancewillbemorewidespread.

1.3.2high-speedandhigh-precisionDevelopment

Thisistoadapttohigh-speedandhigh-precisionmachinetoolstotheneedsofthedevelopmentdirection.

1.3.3intelligentdirectiontothedevelopment

Withartificialintelligenceinthecomputerfieldinfiltrationandthecontinuingdevelopmentoftheintelligentnumericalcontrolsystemwillbecontinuouslyimproved.

（1）adaptivecontroltechnology

CNCsystemcandetectsomeimportantinformationintheprocess,andautomaticallyadjustsystemparameterstoimprovethesystemrunningstatepurposes.

（2）theintroductionofexpertguida

nceprocessingsystem

theexperienceofskilledworkersandexperts,processingandthegeneralrulesoflawofspecialdepositsystem,theprocessparameterstothedatabaseasthefoundation,andestablishartificialintelligenceexpertsystem.

（3）introductionofFaultDiagnosisExpertSystem

（4）intelligentdigitalservodrives

AutomaticIdentificationcanload,andautomaticallyadjustparameterstogetthebestdrivesystemoperation.