世界卫生组织采纳的针灸穴位标准一Word文档格式.docx

世界卫生组织采纳的针灸穴位标准一Word文档格式.docx

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1.Medicine,traditional.2.acupuncturePointLocations

ISBN9789290612487 （NLMClassification:

WB50）

©

WorldHealthOrganization（2008）

PublicationsoftheWorldHealthOrganizationenjoycopyrightprotectioninaccordancewiththeprovisionsofProtocol2oftheUniversalCopyrightConvention.forrightsofreproductionortranslationofWHOpublications,inpartorintoto,applicationshouldbemadetotheOfficeofPublications,WorldHealthOrganization,Geneva,Switzerland,ortotheRegionalOfficefortheWesternPacific,Manila,Philippines.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwelcomessuchapplications.

thedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofthematerialinthispublicationdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheSecretariatoftheWorldHealthOrganizationconcerningthelegalstatusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorofitsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries.

Thementionofspecificcompaniesorofcertainmanufacturers’productsdoesnotimplythattheyareendorsedorrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationinpreferencetoothersofasimilarnaturethatarenotmentioned.Errorsandommissionsexcepted,thenamesofproprietaryproductsaredistinguishedbyinitialcapitalletters.

theauthorsaloneareresponsiblefortheviewsexpressedinthispublication.

taBLEOfCOntEntS

fOrEWOrd

v

aCKnOWLEdgEMEntS

vii

gEnEraLgUIdELInESfOraCUPUnCtUrEPOIntLOCatIOnS

1

WHOStandardaCUPUnCtUrEPOIntLOCatIOnS

23

LungMeridian

25

LargeIntestineMeridian

33

StomachMeridian

45

SpleenMeridian

69

HeartMeridian

81

SmallIntestineMeridian

87

BladderMeridian

99

KidneyMeridian

135

PericardiumMeridian

151

TripleEnergizerMeridian

157

gallbladderMeridian

171

LiverMeridian

195

governorVessel

203

ConceptionVessel

219

rEfErEnCES

233

ANNEX

235

Alongwithherbalmedicine,acupuncturehasbeenusedformorethan2500yearsasoneofthemainpillarsoftraditionalmedicineintheWesternPacificRegion.Accordingly,theWHORegionalCommitteefortheWesternPacificadoptedresolutionssupportingtheproperuseofacupunctureandherbalmedicinein1985and1987.

Withtheaimofstandardizationinthefieldofacupuncture,theWHORegionalOfficefortheWesternPacificorganizedaWorkingGroupfortheStandardizationofAcupuncturenomenclaturein1981and,after10yearsofeffort,aconsensuswasreachedontheproposedstandardinternationalacupuncturenomenclature.In1991,AProposedStandardInternationalAcupunctureNomenclaturewaspublishedbyWHOHeadquartersandarevisededitionofStandardAcupunctureNomenclaturewaspublishedbytheWHORegionalOfficefortheWesternPacific.

Itwasreported,however,thattherewascontroversyamongMemberStatesregardingapproximatelyone-fourthofregularacupuncturepointlocations,raisingdoubtsanduncertaintyregardingtheefficacyandsafetyofacupuncturetreatment.Itisnotknownwhenthisdisparityinlocationofacupuncturepointsfirstarosebut,inrecentdecades,therehasbeenagrowinginternationaldemandforstandardizationofacupuncturepointlocationsforeducation,researchandclinicalpractice.However,sinceeachMemberStatehasitsowninitiativesandtraditions,internationalstandardizationofacupuncturepointlocationshasprovedextremelydifficult.

Asaninitialstepinstandardizingacupuncturepointlocations,theWHOWesternPacificRegionalOfficeconvenedthefirstInformalConsultationontheDevelopmentofWHOStandardofacupuncturePointLocationsinOctober2003.ExpertsfromChina,JapanandtherepublicofKoreaattendedthatconsultation,and10furtherserialmeetingswereorganizedsubsequentlybytheRegionalOffice.Inthebeginning,itappeareditwouldbealmostimpossibletoharmonizetheactivitiesofthevariousparticipants.However,withthepassingoftimeandthedevelopmentofmutualunderstandingandtrust,theexpertsmanagedtoreachaconsensusonmostofthecontroversialacupuncturepointlocations,onebyone.Ittookthreeyearstoachieveasetofinternationallyunifiedacupuncturepointlocations,aneffortthathasprovidedafirmandsolidbasisinthefieldofacupuncture.

Recently,modernscientificapparatus,suchasfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging（f-MRI）andpositronemissiontomography（PET）hasbeenutilizedforacupunctureresearch.However,thatresearchhasnotfocused