初中英语八种时态复习人教新目标版.docx
《初中英语八种时态复习人教新目标版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语八种时态复习人教新目标版.docx(24页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
初中英语八种时态复习人教新目标版
一、一般现在时(simplepresenttense)
1.形式一般现在时通常用动词原形来表示。
be动词用am、is、are。
主语是第三人称单数时动词的变化规律:
一般动词后加-s;以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加-es;以辅音字母加o结尾,一般加-es;辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加-es。
2.用法a.表示经常发生的动作或现阶段的习惯性行为,常与时间状语often,usually,always,everyday,sometimes,seldom,never等连用。
Ineverdomyhomeworkintheevening.
Sometimesweplayfootballontheplayground.
Heseldomlistenstomusic.
b.表示现在的事实或状态。
Chinaisadevelopingcountry.
IlikeEnglishverymuch.
c.表示格言,科学事实和客观真理。
Pridegoesbeforeafall. 骄者必败。
Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事总是由难而易。
ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。
TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25isChristmasDay.
3.句式
肯定否定疑问回答
Helikeseggs.Hedoesn’tlikeeggs.Doeshelikeeggs?
Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.
Iwantanapple.Idon’twantanapple.Doyouwantanapple?
Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
4.做题时常见错误如下:
一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中
例:
Weareplant(plant)thetreesinspring.
二、单三人称形式易出错
例:
1.Heplaies(play)footballverywell.2.Dannygos(go)toschoolat7:
10.
三、在句式变换时易出错
例:
1.DoesJennyhas(has)agoodfriend?
2.Briandoesn’tlives(notlive)inChina.
四、对do的理解易出错
例:
Wedon’t(notdo)ourhomeworkintheafternoon.
五、对主语的数判断有误
例:
LiMingwithmeare(be)inBeijing.
另外,宾语从句中,从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,从句都要用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。
5.中考真题及模拟
(2009东城区一模)Mary___________thepianowell.Sheisoftenaskedtoplayattheconcert.A.playB.playsC.playingD.played
(2009海淀区一模)Mymotherwilltakemetothemovieifshe_________freethisweekend.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.wouldbe
(2009崇文区一模)Thegirlswillhaveatripifit_________fine.
A.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeen
(2008北京)He’llsendusamessageassoonashe________inSichuan.
A.isarrivingB.willarriveC.arrivedD.arrives
(2007武汉)——Whatdoyoudo?
——I’manengineer.I_____inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.
A.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.worked
(2006武汉)—Isyourfatheradoctor?
—Yes,heis.He__________inTownHospital.
A.hasworkedB.hadworkedC.worksD.worked
(2006陕西)Everyyearmanyforeigners_________toChinatolearnChinese.
A.havecomeB.comesC.cameD.come
二、现在进行时(presentcontinuoustense)
1.构成be(am/is/are)+动词的现在分词
2.用法a.表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。
Heiseatinganicecream.他正在吃冰激凌。
Let’swait.Thechildrenarecrossingthestreet.
b.表示当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作(说话时不一定正在进行)。
Weareworkingonafarmthesedays?
这些天我们在一个农场干活。
c.表示位置移动或趋向的词,如go,come,start,leave,arrive,move等常用进行时表将来。
HeisleavingforShanghaitomorrow.
I'mcoming!
What'sthescorenow?
我就来!
现在比分是多少?
Wearemovingtoabighousenextmonth.下个月我们将搬到一所大房子里。
d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
Youarealwayschangingyourmind.
3. 现在分词的构成规则
1)一般情况,在动词后加ing,例词work-working,study-studying,go-going
2)以不发音的e结尾,去e再加-ing,例词have-having,live-living,take-taking
3)重读闭音节,只有一个辅音字母结尾,双写该辅音字母,再加-ing,
例词cut-cuttingstop-stopping,forget-forgetting,begin-beginning
4)以ie结尾,变ie为y再加-ing,例词die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying
4.形式
肯定句 否定句 疑问句 简要回答
Iamstudying. Iamnotstudying. AmIstudying?
Yes,Iam/No,Iamnot.
5.一般现在时和现在进行时的区别
(1)一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,现在进行时表示正在发生的行为。
a.Heiscleaninghisroomnow.他在打扫房间。
Hecleanshisroomeveryday.他每天都要打扫房间。
b.TheyarevisitingChina.他们正在中国观光。
TheyoftencometoChinaforavisit.他们经常来中国观光。
(2)一般现在时表示现在的状态。
Helikesjiaozi.Theyhavealotoffriends
考例:
Mr.Smith________shortstories,buthe________aTVplaythesedays.
A.iswriting…iswritingB.iswriting…writes
C.writes…iswritingD.writes…writes
6.中考真题及模拟
(2009崇文区二模)Don’tturnofftheradio.I_______tothenews.
A.listenB.havelistenedC.listenedD.amlistening
(2009朝阳区一模)——HaveyouseenMr.Smith?
——Yes.Look,he________hisbikeoverthere.
A.cleansB.cleanedC.iscleaningD.hascleaned
(2009海淀区一模)——Where’sSusan,Mike?
——She_________inthekitchen.
A.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascooked
(2009西城区一模)——Haveyougotajoboffer?
——Notyet.I___________.
A.waitedB.amwaitingC.waitD.waswaiting
(2009宣武区一模)——DoyouthinkJohnwillhelpmemovethepiano?
——You’dbetternotaskhim.He__________acomposition.
A.writeB.writesC.iswritingD.wrote
(2009崇文区一模)——Where’sthechildren,MrBlack?
——Oh,they_________theirPElessonontheplayground.
A.haveB.hadC.arehavingD.havehad
(2008北京)Don’tturnontheTV.Grandma____________now.
A.issleepingB.willsleepC.sleptD.sleeps
(2007北京)——Whatareyoudoing,Cathy?
——I’m__________mycat.Ican’tfindit.
A.lookingforB.lookingatC.lookingupD.lookingafter
(2006北京)——What’syourbrotherdoinginhisroomnow?
——He____________akite.
A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.willmake
(2005北京)---WhereisFranknow?
---He_______hisbikeintheyard.
A.fixesupB.fixingupC.isfixingupD.fixed
(2008辽宁)——Mary,couldyouhelpme?
——Waitamoment.I_________.
A.readabookB.didmyhomeworkC.waswatchingTVD.amcookingdinner
(2007浙江)——Listen,who_________intheroom?
——Let’sgoandsee.
A.iscryingB.cryingC.cryD.cries
They________about“SupperVoiceGirl”.let’sjointhem.
A.talkB.aretalkingC.havetalkedD.talked
(2006山东威海)——Areyouababy-sisterhere?
——No.I__________afterthebabyinsteadofMsGreen.Sheisawayforshopping.
A.lookB.amlookingC.havelookedD.looked
三.一般过去时(simplepasttense)
1.概念一般过去时表示过去某一时刻,某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。
2.构成一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。
be的过去式有was,were两种;have的过去式是had;规则动词的过去式在动词词尾加-ed,具体构成规则如下:
1)一般情况,动词后加ed,例词work-worked,clean-cleaned,play-played,wash-washed
2)以不发音的e结尾,-d,例词live-lived,move-moved,hope-hoped,arrive-arrived
3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加-ed,例词study-studied,carry-carried,cry-cried,identify-identified
4)以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写最后一个辅音字母加-ed,例词plan-planned
stop-stopped,beg-begged,grab-grabbed
3.用法
(1)表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。
如:
Hewentshoppingwithhisfriendslastweek.
Theyarrivedtenminutesago.
Hebecameahotelmanagertenyearsago.
Didyougototheconcertlastnight?
(2)表示在过去经常发生的动作或习惯动作。
如:
Hevisitedhisgrandparentsonceamonthlastyear.
Sheusuallywenttoworkbycarlastyear.
WhenIwasatschool,Ialwayswenttoschoolbybus.
4.如何识别一般过去时常见的标志词有:
1).yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday.
2).lastweek/year/month/term…(简称last系列)
3).twohoursago,threeyearsago,amomentago…(简称ago系列)
4).in/on+过去的年/月/日,如in1999,onApril,2005
5).justnow,onceuponatime,oneday…
5.易错点例析:
(1)——Yourphonenumberagain?
I_________quitecatchit.
——It’s4331577
A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t
(2)——Mr.Smithisn’tcomingtonight.
——Buthe_________.
A.promises B.promised C.willpromise D.hadpromised
(3)——Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!
——Oh,I’mterriblysorry._________.
A.I’mnotnoticing B.Iwasn’tnoticing C.Ihaven’tnoticed D.Idon’tnotice
(4)——Ohit’syou!
I_________you.
——I’vehadmyhaircut.
A.didn’trealize B.haven’trealized C.didn’trecognize D.don’trecognized
(5)——Sinceyou’veagreedtogo,whyaren’tyougettingready?
——ButI_________thatyouwouldhavemestartatonce.
A.don’trealize B.didn’trealize C.hadn’trealized D.haven’trealized
(6)——It’stwelveo’clock,IthinkImustbeoffnow.
——Oh,really?
I_________itatall.
A.don’trealize B.haven’trealized C.didn’trealize D.hadn’trealized
Key:
ABBCBC
6.中考真题及模拟
(2009朝阳区一模)Hewentintohisroom,_______thelightandbegantowork.
A.hasturnedonB.willturnonC.turnsonD.turnedon
(2009海淀一模)——What’sthebestfoodhaveyouhadinBeijing,Alex?
——Roastduck!
I_________toafamousrestauranttohaveitlastweek.
A.havegoneB.goC.willgoD.went
(2009宣武区一模)——Doyouknowhowmanygoldmedalsthe23-year-oldMichaelPhelps_____________atthe2008SummerOlympicGames?
——Eight.
A.winB.winsC.wonD.haswon
(2008北京)WewereinQingdaolastweekand__________greatfunthere.
A.willhaveB.havehadC.hadD.have
(2007北京)——Whatdidyoudoafterschoolyesterday?
——I_________basketballwithmyfriends.
A.playB.playedC.willplayD.amplaying
(2005北京)---Hi,Kate.Youlooktired.What’sthematter?
---I______welllastnight.
A.didn’tsleepB.don’tsleepC.haven’tsleptD.won’tsleep
(2008四川泸州)Yesterday,Tony’sfamily_________agoodtime.
A.hasB.haveC.had
(2007湖南湘潭)I’msorryyou’vemissedthetrain.It_______10minutesago.
A.leftB.hasleftC.hadleft
(2007福州)——MrGreen,__________you________ThreeLanesandAlleys(三坊七巷)lastSunday?
——No,butI’llvisitthemnextweek.
A.will;gotoB.have;beentoC.did;gotoD.have;goneto
(2007浙江)——Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?
——He__________usnottoplaycomputergamesallday.
A.tellsB.toldC.hastoldD.istold
(2007江西)——Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.
——Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_________.
A.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddone
(06江西)——Where’sthecakeImadethismorning?
——We_______it,mum.Canyoumakeanotheroneforus?
A.ateB.eatC.willitD.wereeating
(2006天津)——Haveyoumendedyourshoes,Bob?
——Yes,I_________themtwentyminutesago
A.havemendedB.mendC.hadmendedD.mended
(2006威海)——Theofficewasbrokenintolastnight.Someonethinksyoudidit.
——ButI___________thewholenightwithmybestfriend,John.
A.spendB.amspendingC.spentD.hadspent
四.一般将来时(thefuturetense)
1.用法:
表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。
Iamgoingto/willwatchafootballmatchthisevening.
2.形式:
(1)“begoingto/助动词will/beto+动词原形”,主语是I、we时,助动词也可用shall.begoingtodo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事,也可表示根据目前情况判断很有可能但不是注定会发生某事;will/shalldo表示根据计划或安排将要做某事,也可以表示不以人的意志为转移的客观规律,betodo表示根据计划