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北京成人本科英语模拟1
[模拟]北京成人本科英语模拟1
ReadingComprehensionDirections:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished.statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Passage3
（79）（Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople--nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages--haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.）TheoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocoatreebySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500's.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondonshopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.
ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.（80）（IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe"PotatoFamine"of1845--1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoemigratetoAmerica.）
TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.BrazilisnowtheWorld'slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabsduringthe1400's.
AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenagoatherdnameKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe"wide-awake"feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld'spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.
第1题：
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?
A.Food.
B.Chocolate.
C.Potato.
D.Coffee.
参考答案：
A
答案解析：
第2题：
"Some"in"Somestillexisttoday"means______.
A.somecocoatrees
B.somechocolatedrinks
C.someshops
D.someSouthAmericanIndians
参考答案：
C
答案解析：
第3题：
ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe"PotatoFamine"because______.
A.theyweresodependentonthepotatothattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse
B.theywereforcedtoemigratetoAmerica
C.theweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingthepotato
D.thepotatoharvestwasbad
参考答案：
D
答案解析：
第4题：
Coffeeoriginallycamefrom______.
A.Brazil'
B.Colombia
C.Ethiopia
D.Arabia
参考答案：
C
答案解析：
第5题：
TheArabiclegendisusedtoprovethat______.
A.coffeewasfirstdiscoveredbyKaldi
B.coffeewasfirstdiscoveredbyKaldi'sgoats
C.coffeewasfirstdiscoveredinsouthAmericancountries
D.coffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs
参考答案：
D
答案解析：
PassageA
OnestudyshowsthatAmericansprefertoanswerwithabrief"Yes","No","Sure",ortheverypopular"Yeah"ratherthanwithalongerreply.ButbriefrepliesdonotmeanAmericansareimpoliteofunfriendlytosomeextent.Veryoften,Americansareinahurryandmaygreetyouwithasingleword"Hi",indeed;thisisagreetingyouwillhearagainandagainduringyourstayintheUnitedStates.Itisusedbyeveryone,regardlessofrank,ageoroccupation.However,thosewhoareaccustomedtolongergreetingsmayrequirealittlemoretimebeforetheyfeelcomfortablewithAmericansimpletalk.
Americanssometimesuseplaintalkwhentheyareuncomfortable.Ifpeoplepraisethemorthanktheminanespeciallypoliteway,theymaybecomeuncomfortableandnotknowwhattosayinreply.Theydon'twanttobeimpoliteorrude,youcanbesurethattheylikedwhatwassaidaboutthem.Exceptforcertainholidays,suchasChristmas,Americansdon'tusuallygivegifts.Thus,youwillfindAmericansembarrassedastheyacceptgifts,especiallyiftheyhavenothingtogiveinreturn.Theyaregenerallyawarmbutinformalpeople.
第6题：
ThefactthatAmericanslikeshorteranswerstellsus_________.
A.theyreplyveryquicklyinahurry
B.theychoosewordstoocarefully
C.theylikereplyingbriefly
D.theywanttobeaspoliteastheycan
参考答案：
C
答案解析：
本题考查的考生对细节的把握。
文中第一句提到了，“OnestudyshowsthatAmericansprefertoanswerwithabrief“Yes”，“No”，“Sure”，ortheverypopular“Yeah”ratherthanwithalongerreply．”一次调查显示美国人更喜欢用简短的回答，与C项相符，A在文中也可找到，但是并不符合题意。
B、D文章都未提及。
第7题：
Thosewholikeusingbeautifulorformalwords_________.
A.needmoretimetogetusedtoAmericansimplegreeting
B.neednotimetogetfamiliarwithAmericangreeting
C.donotverymuchlikeAmericanwayofgreeting
D.thinkAmericansarenotpolitewhatever
参考答案：
A
答案解析：
本题考查的是考生对细节的理解。
第一段最后一句说，“thosewhoareaccustomedtolongergreetingsmayrequirealittlemoretimebeforetheyfeelcomfortablewithAmericansimpletalk”那些习惯了较长问候的人们可能需要更长一些的时间来适应简短的回答，所以A选项符合题意。
找准文章中有关该题的句子，然后在选项中找到与文章最符合的一项。
单独看选项，都能解释的过去，但是要根据文章的观点选出符合文章意思的选项才是正确的。
B选项不正确，C、D选项文章中都没有提到。
第8题：
WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Americansoftenanswerwiththewordslike'sure','yeah.'
B.Theyarenotimpolitewithbriefreplies.
C.Americansinhighranksmustuseformalwordsingreeting.
D.Americansareawarmbutinformalpeople.
参考答案：
C
答案解析：
本题考查的是考生文意的理解。
第一段倒数第二句“Itisusedbyeveryone，regardlessofrank，ageoroccupation．”说，人们不分官职、年龄或是职业，都使用简短的对话，C项说美国高官职的人都必须用正式用语，与文章不符。
A、B和D选项都可以从文章中找到依据。
Americansprefertoanswerwithabrief“Yes”，“No”，“Sure”，ortheverypopular“Yeah”；ButbriefrepliesdonotmeanAmericansareimpoliteofunfriendlytosomeextent。
第9题：
TheAmericanslikeothers'praisebutifinapoliteway_________.
A.theydon'tknowwhattowayinreply
B.theyfeelsomewhatuneasy
C.theydon'twanttoreply
D.bothAandB
参考答案：
D
答案解析：
本题考查的是考生对文章中具体句子的把握。
第二段的第二三句说“Ifpeoplepraisethemorthanktheminanespeciallypoliteway，theymaybecomeuncomfortableandnotknowwhattosayinreply．如果有人用一种很礼貌的方式赞扬或是感谢美国人的话，他们会感到不舒服，而且不知如何应答。
”A选项说他们不知如何应答B选项说他们感到不舒服／不自然，都符合题意，C选项在原文中找不到依据。
第10题：
Thepassageindicatesthat_________.
A.Americansexchangegiftsthefirsttimetheymeet.
B.Americansseldomgivegiftsexceptforsomeholidays.
C.Americansoftenbringsomegiftstotheirfriends.
D.Americansonlywanttogetgiftsfromothers.
参考答案：
B
答案解析：
本题考查的是考生对全文意思的把握。
第二段第四句“Exceptforcertainholidays，suchasChristmas，Americansdon'tusuallygivegifts．”说除了像圣诞节这样的节日之外，美国人不经常送礼物，与B选项相符合。
A、C和D都在原文中找到依据，所以不正确。
Passage2
（78）（Longafterthe1998WorldCupwaswon,disappointedfanswerestillcursingthedisputedrefereeing（裁判）decisionsthatdeniedvictory,totheirteam.）Aresearcherwasappointedtostudytheperformanceofsometopreferees.
Theresearcherorganizedanexperimentaltournament（锦标赛）involvingfouryouthteams.Eachmatchlastedanhour,dividedintothreeperiodsof20minutesduringwhichdifferentrefereeswereincharge.
Observersnoteddownthereferees'errors,ofwhichtherewere61overthetournament.Convertedtoastandardmatchof90minutes,eachrefereemadealmost23mistakes,aremarkablyhighnumber.
Theresearcherthenstudiedthevideotapestoanalysethematchesindetail.Surprisingly,hefoundthaterrorsweremorelikelywhentherefereeswereclosetotheincident.Whentheofficialsgotitright,theywere,onaverage,17metersawayfromtheaction.Theaveragedistanceinthecaseoferrorswas12meters.Theresearchshowstheoptimum（最佳的）distanceisabout20meters.
Therealsoseemedtobeanoptimumspeed.Correctdecisionscamewhentherefereesweremovingataspeedofabout2meterspersecond.Theaveragespeedforerrorswas4meterspersecond.
IfFIFA,football'sinternationalrulingbody,wantstoimprovethestandardofrefereeingatthenextWorldCup,itshouldencouragerefereestokeeptheireyesontheactionfromadistance,ratherthanrushingtokeepupwiththeball,theresearcherargues.
HealsosaysthatFIFA'sinsistencethatrefereesshouldretireatage45maybemisguided.Ifkeepingupwiththeactionisnotsoimportant,theirphysicalconditionislesscritical.
第11题：
Theexperimentconductedbytheresearcherwasmeantto______.
A.analysethedecisionsofrefereesatthe1998WorldCup
B.analysethecausesoferrorsmadebyfootballreferees
C.setastandardforfootballrefereeing
D.reexaminetherulesforfootballrefereeing
参考答案：
B
答案解析：
通读全篇可知，研究者在实验中分析出了裁判出错的原因。
第12题：
Thenumberofrefereeingerrorsintheexperimentalmatchwas______.
A.slightlyaboveaverageC.quiteunexpected
B.higherthaninthe1998WorldCup
C.quiteunexpected
D.ashighasinastandardmatch
参考答案：
C
答案解析：
见第三段中词remarkably可知本题答案。
remarkably：
显著地。
第13题：
Whatdoesthefindingsoftheexperimentimply?
A.Errorsaremorelikelywhenarefereekeepsclosetotheball
B.Thefarthertherefereeisfromtheincident,themoretheerrors
C.Themoreslowlytherefereeruns,themorelikelywillerrorsoccur
D.Errorsarelesslikelywhenarefereestaysinonespot
参考答案：
A
答案解析：
参见第四段的这个句子“Surprisingly，hefoundthaterrorsweremorelikelywhentherefereeswereclosetotheincident．”可知，裁判离球越近越容易出错。
第14题：
Theword"officials"（Line2,Para.4）mostprobablyrefersto______.
A.theinspectorsofthefootballtournament
B.theresearchersinvolvedintheexperiment
C.therefereesofthefootballtournament
D.theobserversatthesiteoftheexperiment
参考答案：
C
答案解析：
official此处指足球锦标赛的裁判。
第15题：
Itcanbeconcludedfromtheexperimentthat______.
A.theidealretirementageforallexperiencedfootballrefereeis45
B.ageshouldnotbethechiefconsiderationinchoosingafootballreferee
C.afootballrefereeshouldbeasyoungandenergeticaspossible
D.anexperiencedfootballrefereecalldowellevenwheninpoorphysicalcondition
参考答案：
B
答案解析：
由前六段的论证可知，裁判误判的根本原因是离球的距离，而不是裁判的年龄。
最后一段中用词misguided，又证实了这个
升级会员 