北京成人英语真题和答案.docx

北京成人英语真题和答案.docx

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北京成人英语真题和答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2011年05月07日

　　PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。

　　Passage1

　　QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）.Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals。

　　Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures。

”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide。

　　Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason。

　　（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。

”Theywrote。

　　1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

　　A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous。

　　B.Cellphoneusecausescancer。

　　C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield。

　　D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow。

　　2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______。

　　A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone

　　B.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain

　　C.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity

　　D.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation

　　3.Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______。

　　A.inthelate1970sB.between1980and1985

　　B.inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s

　　4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?

　　A.Brainactivity。

　　B.Herresearchfindings。

　　C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer。

　　D.Herresearchprogress。

　　5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

　　A.CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHarmful?

　　B.CellPhoneRadiati0n:

IsItUseful?

　　C.CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItHealthy?

　　D.CellPhoneRadiation:

IsItWeak?

　　Passage2

　　Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:

We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（及时通讯）conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce。

　　Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?

Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?

Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions。

　　（79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend。

Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun。

　　Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages。

　　Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过量的）schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking。

　　Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen。

　　6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage?

　　B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?

　　C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?

　　D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?

　　7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____。

　　A.Lowspeed

　　B.Toomuchtimealone。

　　C.highspeed

　　D.steadyspeed

　　8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?

　　A.Overcommittedschedules

　　B.Toomuchtimealone

　　C.Inabilitytofocus

　　D.Fearofbeingneglected

　　9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

　　A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage。

　　B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool。

　　C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits。

　　D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday’sfast-pacesworkenvironment。

　　10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?

　　A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection。

　　B.Toseekmedicaltreatment。

　　C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife。

　　D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoals

Passage3

　　Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanMemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal-firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrises,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated。

　　（80）InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades。

Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recentlyabout40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants。

”

　　Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-rightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry’s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressurethechangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan。

”

　　11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?

　　A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil。

　　B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels。

　　C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear。

　　D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies。

　　12.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______。

　　A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants

　　B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago

　　C.theyhaveimprovedtheirnuclearpowerplants

　　D.theywantenergyindependence

　　13.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthormainlydiscusses_______。

　　A.thenuclearaccidentsinJapanlastMarc