届高考英语二轮复习与策略讲练专题7 阅读理解 类型7 文化教育.docx

届高考英语二轮复习与策略讲练专题7 阅读理解 类型7 文化教育.docx

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届高考英语二轮复习与策略讲练专题7阅读理解类型7文化教育

类型7|文化教育

考查要点

方法技巧

1.文章的主题。

2．所述文化教育的发展、特点、功能。

3．不同文化教育间的异同、优点及缺点。

4．价值观、道德观、风俗习惯的形成。

1.抓住文章的内在逻辑关系，理清脉络。

2．定位关键信息词、主题句，明确主旨。

3．重点关注所述对象的特征，并进行归纳概括。

（2016·天津高考·C）

WhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden，carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.

Thesearethefindingsofa40yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence（能力）andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety，”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist（心理学家）whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.”

Vaillant'sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen'smentalhealthscoreswiththeirboyhoodactivityscores.Pointswereawardedforparttimejobs,housework,effortinschool，andabilitytodealwithproblems.

Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp．Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople，fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.

Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings（基础）ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn'teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid，“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone'swork.”

46．WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?

A．Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.

B．Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.

C．Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.

D．Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.

47．Vaillant'swordsinParagraph2serveas．

A．adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvalues

B．ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetence

C．anexampleforparents'expectationsoftheirchildren

D．anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen

48．Vaillant'steamobtainedtheirfindingsby．

A．recordingtheboys'effortinschool

B．evaluatingthemen'smentalhealth

C．comparingdifferentsetsofscores

D．measuringthemen'sproblemsolvingability

49．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”probablymeaninParagraph4?

A．Quicktoreact.

B．Havingathinedge.

C．Clearanddefinite.

D．Suddenandrapid.

50．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A．Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.

B．Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.

C．Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.

D．Independenceisthekeytoone'ssuccess.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。

约翰小时候父母会让他干一些力所能及的活儿，长大后他成了一个更快乐的人。

由此可以看出：

童年的劳动是非常重要的。

它可以培养孩子的责任感、独立性、自信心以及解决问题的能力。

这是精神健康的基础，与其精彩的成年生活息息相关。

长难句解读：

“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetenceandcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety，”saidGeorgeVaillant，thepsychologistwhomadethediscovery.

分析：

引号内的句子为复合句。

Boys之后为who引导的定语从句修饰Boys，而theywereworthwhilemembersofsociety为宾语从句，作feel的宾语。

引号外whomadethediscovery为定语从句修饰thepsychologist。

翻译：

做出这个发现的心理学家GeorgeVaillant说：

“在家中或社区劳动的男孩能够获得能力并且感受到他们是有价值的社会成员。

”

46．A　[细节理解题。

根据文章第一段信息“Hehadmorejobsatisfaction，abettermarriageandwashealthier.”可知，约翰对自己的工作和婚姻很满意，故选A项。

]

47．D　[推理判断题。

第二段中，Vaillant通过40年的研究得出结论：

那些小时候在家里或者社区里劳动的男孩获得了能力，感到自己对社会有价值。

正因为他们自我感觉好，所以别人也觉得他们好。

由此可知，这些话解释了一些男孩成年后更快乐的原因，故选D项。

]

48．C　[细节理解题。

根据文章第三段信息“UnderVaillant，theresearcherscomparedthemen'smentalhealthscoreswiththeirboyhoodactivityscores.”可知，Vaillant的团队是通过比较一些分数来得出结论的，故选C项。

]

49．C　[词义猜测题。

根据文章第四段信息twiceaslikelyto...，fivetimesaslikelyto...and16timeslesslikelyto...可知，人们童年的行为和成年后的状况之间的联系明显得让人吃惊。

sharp此处意为clearanddefinite（清楚和确定的），故选C项。

]

50．B　[推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段可知，童年的劳动能够帮助一个孩子培养责任感、独立性、自信心和能力，这些都是一个人精神健康的基础，emotionalhealth是本段的主题，故选B项。

]

A

（2016·石家庄市高中毕业班第一次模拟）

WhenIwasabouttenyearsold，Iwaswalkingdownthestreetwithmymother.ShestoppedtospeaktoMr.Lee，andIknewIcouldseeMr.Leeanytimearoundtheneighborhood，soIdidn'tpayanyattentiontohim.

AfterwepassedMr.Lee，mymotherstoppedmeandsaidsomethingthathasstuckwithmefromthatdayuntilnow.Shesaid，“Youletthatbethelasttimeyou'veeverwalkedbysomebodyandnotopenedupyourmouthtospeak，becauseevenadogwillwagitstailwhenitpassesyouonthestreet.”Mother'swordssoundsimple，butit'sbeenaguidepostformeandthefoundationofwhoIam.

It'snotjustsomethingIbelievein;it'sbecomeawayoflife.Ibelievethateverypersondeservestofeelsomeoneacknowledgetheirpresence，nomatterhowhumble（卑微的）theymaybe.

Atwork，Ialwayssaidhellotothefounderofthecompanyandaskedhimhowourbusinesswasdoing.ButIalsospoketothepeoplewhocleanedthebuildingsandaskedhowtheirchildrenweredoing.Afterafewyearsofgreetingthefounder，Ihadthecouragetoaskhimforameeting.Wehadagreattalk.AtacertainpointIaskedhimhowfarhethoughtIcouldgoinhiscompany.Hesaid，“Ifyouwantto，youcangetallthewaytothisseat.”

I'vebecomevicepresident，butthathasn'tchangedthewayIapproachpeople.Istillfollowmymother'sadvice.IspeaktoeveryoneIsee，nomatterwhereIam.I'velearnedthatspeakingtopeoplecreatesapathwayintotheirworld，anditallowsthemtocomeintomine，too.

作者小时候因为在路上没有给邻居打招呼而受到了母亲的批评。

母亲的话使作者悟出了主动与别人交流的重要性。

1．WhatdidtheauthordowhenhemetMr.Lee?

A．Hetalkedwithsomebodyelse.

B．Hewasattractedbyadog.

C．Hegreetedhimpolitely.

D．Heignoredhim.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第一段的“soIdidn'tpayanyattentiontohim”可知，作者的母亲与邻居说话时，作者没有在意邻居，故选D。

]

2．Whatkindofpersonistheauthor'smother?

A．Optimistic.B．Kindhearted.

C．Strict.D．Openminded.

C　[推理判断题。

根据第一段的“Youletthatbethelasttimeyou'veeverwalkedbysomebody...becauseevenadogwillwagitstailwhenitpassesyouonthestreet”可推知，母亲对作者很严格。

]

3．Howdidthecompanyfounderreplytotheauthor?

A．Heplayedajoke.

B．Heinspiredhim.

C．Heinvitedhimtocoffee.

D．Hegavehimtheseat.

B　[推理判断题。

根据第三段的“Ifyouwantto，youcangetallthewaytothisseat.”可知，公司的创办人说如果作者想要在公司发展，他完全可以坐到创办人的位置，由此可推知，这位领导在鼓励作者。

]

B

（2016·福州高中毕业班质量检查）

AtprimaryschoolinNewZealand，Iwasintroducedtoaschoolsavingsaccountrunbyoneofthelocalbanks.Whenourmoneyboxwasfull，wetookittothebankandwatchedwithprideasourcoinsflowedacrossthecounter.Asareward，wecouldchooseournextmoneyboxfromasmallvariety，andstartthewholesavingsroutineagain.EveryweekIwatchedmyparentssortoutthehousekeepingand“makeendsmeet”．Sometimesitwasannoyingtowaitforthingswereallyfeltweneeded.

Later，asauniversitystudent，Imanagedonanextremelysmallstudentallowance.Studentswereignoredbybanksthen，becauseweweresopoor，andtherewasnowayIcouldhavegottencredit，evenifIhadtried.Wecollectedourallowancethreetimeseachyear，depositedittothebestadvantageandwithdrewitlittlebylittletolastuntilthenextpayoutoftheallowance.

Whenourdaughter，Sophie，begantowalk，wemadeapurposefulchoicetoencouragehertousemoneywisely.WeoftencommentwhentheTVtellsus“Youoweittoyourselftoborrowourmoney”—towhomdowereallyoweit？

Andwhatwouldhappenifourincomewerereducedordriedup?

Now，asa12yearoldchild，it'salmostembarrassingtoseehertight“financialpolicy”，andwaitfortheunavoidableholidaysalestobuywhatshewants.

Iagreethatfinancialeducationinschoolsisveryimportant.Buttherootoftheproblemlieswithusandthewaywebehaveasrolemodelstothosewhofollow.

本文主要讨论了儿童如何理财的问题。

4．Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromherparents?

A．Howtobecomeabanker.

B．Wheretoopenasavingsaccount.

C．Wheretochooseamoneybox.

D．Howtomakeendsmeet.

D　[推理判断题。

根据第一段的倒数第二句“EveryweekIwatchedmyparentssortoutthehousekeepingand‘makeendsmeet’．”可知，作者在观察父母的理财行为中学到了一些关于如何管理自己财务的方法。

]

5．Howdidtheauthormanagethestudentallowance?

A．Heappliedforacreditcard.

B．Hespentitthreetimesayear.

C．Heputitinthebank.

D．Heseldomwithdrewit.

C　[细节理解题。

根据第二段的最后一句“Wecollectedourallowancethreetimeseachyear，depositedittothebestadvantageandwithdrewitlittlebylittletolastuntilthenextpayoutoftheallowance.”可知，作者把自己学生的津贴存到银行里。

]

6．What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A．Parents'moneyproblems.

B．Students'schoolperformance.

C．Children'ssavingbehavior.

D．Children'sfinancialeducation.

D　[主旨大意题。

根据最后一段的“financialeducationinschoolsisveryimportant”以及对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是儿童的理财教育问题。

]

【导学号：

85602020】

C

（2016·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟）

It'safamiliarfeeling.YourfriendhasmadetheteamforSaturday'sbiggame，andyoutakecertainpleasureintellinghimyoucan'tbetheretowatchhimplay.Yousmile，butthatvoiceinyouasks，whyhimandnotyou?

Envyisafaultthatweliketokeepsecret.Itraisesitsuglyheadwhenwefocusonwhatwewantbutdon'tpossessnow，orwemayevenwishforandtakepleasureinsomeonelosingit.Feelingsofunfairnessarepartofbeinghuman，butwhenyoufocusonthem，youcannevergetoutofyourdarkemotions.Andthatmakesyoufeelbad.

Soisthereasolution?

Isthereany