职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案.docx

职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案.docx

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职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案

2008年职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Withimmenserelief,Istoppedrunning.

A Some      Benormous   Clittle     Dextensive 

2.Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

Acollect     Bhandle      Canalyze   Dinvestigate

3.Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

Ahit          Bpassed      Creached   Dled

4.Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

Apossible     Bprofitable    Ceasy      Dwise

5.Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

Afact       Bmystery     Cstatement   Dgame

6.Thatguyisreallywitty.

Asmart       Bugly       Chonorable      Dpopular

7.Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

Areasonable   Bdramatic   Chumiliating     Dhorrifying

8.ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

Aprepared     Btrained    Cqualified       Dguided

9.Thispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatowninthesouth.

Apraises      Bwrites     Cimitates        Ddescribes

10.Themeaningisstillobscure.

Avague       Btransparent  Calien          Dsignificant

11.Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

Adestroy      Bdecrease    Cdelay          Dpollute

12.OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.

Aassumes     Bexpects     Cpredicts        Dconsiders

13.Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.

Aremember    Bfollow      Cunderstand     Dlearn

14.IhopethatIdidn’tdoanythingabsurd1astnight.

Aawkward    Bstrange       Cstupid        Dawful

15.Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

Aforbid      Badvocate      Cinherit        Dwithdraw

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSet

OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight’srest.It'sahugequalityoflifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.

“Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent（固有的）partofaging,”saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病学）andmedicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity.“It’sprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.”

Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.

Olderpeopletendtohave“sleepfragmentation,’’meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammck,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.

Theyalsoseemtogetless“REM”sleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.

It’sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonperson’squalityoflife,Bloomsaid.“Whatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep,”hesaid.

And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.

“Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses,includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暂停）andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations,”saidMichaelV.Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheUniversityofWashington’sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.   

Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatiguea“hypersomnia,”orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.

Anotherbigproblem,henoted,ISdepressionandanxiety.“Thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems.”

Despitetheprevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren’tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia（失眠）,restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunder-diagnosedandundertreated,Bloomsaid.

16.Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone’squalityoflife

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

17.itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

18YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

19.ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

20.“Sleepfragmentation’’referstoamarkedlackof“REM”sleep

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

21.Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

22.ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems

　A Right  BWrong   CNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

DepressionandtheElderly

1    Weallfeelsadattimes.However,clinicaldepressionisaseriousmatter.Clinicaldepression,sometimescalledmajordepression,isabiologicallybasedbraindisorderthataffectsone’sthoughts,feelings,behavior,andphysicalhealth.Whenpeoplecomplainthattheyfeelterrible,theyhavenointerestortakenopleasureinthings,havetroublesleeping,lackenergy,havepoorappetite,orcannotconcentrate,depressionisadefinitepossibility.

2    Depressioninitsmanyformsaffectsmorethan6.5millionofthe35millionAmericanswhoare65yearsorolder.Mostolderpeoplewithdepressionhavebeensufferingfromepisodes（发作）oftheillnessduringmuchoftheirlives。

Forothers,depressionhasafirstonset（起病）inlatelife—evenforthoseintheir80sand90s. Depressioninolderpersonsiscloselyassociatedwithdependencyanddisabilityandcausesgreatsufferingfortheindividualandthefamily,

3    Manyolderpeopleandtheirfamiliesdon’t-recognizethesymptomsofdepression,aren’tawarethatitisamedicalillness,anddon’tknowhowitistreated.Othersmaymistakethesymptomsofdepressionassighsofdementia（痴呆）.Also,manyolderpeoplethinkthatdepressionisacharacterflaw（缺陷）andareworriedaboutbeingstigmatized（给…带来耻辱）.SOtheyblamethemselvesfortheirillnessandaretooashamed（羞耻的）togethelp,othersworrythattreatmentwouldbetoocostly.

4    Olderpersonswithdepressionrarelyseektreatmentfortheillness.Unrecognizedanduntreateddepressionhasfatalconsequencesintermsofbothsuicideandnon-suicidemortality（死亡率）.ThehighestrateofsuicideintheUSisamongolderwhitemen.Depressionisthesinglemostsignificantriskfactorforsuicideinthatpopulation.Tragically,manyofthosepeoplewhogoontocommitsuicidehavereachedoutforhelp20%seeadoctorthedaytheydie,40％theweektheydie,and70％inthemonththeydie.Yetdepressionisfrequentlymissed.

23.Paragraph　1　　　　　

24.Paragraph　2　　　　　

25.Paragraph　3　　　　　

26.Paragraph　4　　　　　

AHowcommonisdepressioninlaterlife?

BWhatisdepression?

CWhatrelievesdepressioninolderpeople?

DWhydoesdepressioninolderpeopleoftengountreated?

ECandepressioninolderpeoplebetreated?

FWhataretheconsequencesofuntreateddepressioninolderpeople?

27.Clinicaldepressionisdifferentfrom　　　　　

28.Depressioninolderpeopleisstronglylinkedwith　　　　　

29.Depressionisregardedbymanyolderpeopleas　　　　　

30.Manyolderpeoplecommitsuicideasaresultof　　　　　

A　acharacterflaw

B　normalsadness.andgrief

C　adefinitepossibility

D　dependencyanddisability

E　asignificantriskfactor

F　unrecognizedanduntreateddepression

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities

ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting,metropolitanatmosphere.

Squares,plazas（广场）andarcades（拱廊）formtheheartofEurope’scities.

VeniceinItalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco—abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,churches,restaurantsandcafés.1nBarcelona,Spain,LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London’sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians,acrobats（杂技演员）andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon,theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop（背景）tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.

Thesevibrant（有活力的）heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution,socialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently.“ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceisSOgreattodayisyoudon’tseeallthemistakes,”saidGarreau.“Thosehaveallbeenremoved.”MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar.SObars,restaurantsandcaféswereneartopeople’shomes.Today,thefocusofmanyEuropeans’lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirts,drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,livingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists,providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.

Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.ThisisparticularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists.Thisskillisdevelopedover manyhoursspentchattingoverespressos（浓咖啡）andcigarettes.

Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociab