中考英语丨初中英语句型转换大全.docx

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中考英语丨初中英语句型转换大全.docx

中考英语丨初中英语句型转换大全

中考英语丨初中英语句型转换大全

一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换

1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句,大部分是用not来改变谓语结构,但也有借用否定意义的词,如nothing,nobody,none,neither,little,few,never,hardly等,例如:

A:

Tomdoeswellinmaths.

B:

Tomdoesn'tdoinmaths.

A:

Hehasmuchtodo.

B:

Hehasnothingtodo.

A:

Allofmyclassmateslikeart.

B:

Noneofmyclassmateslikesart.

2、改为疑问句。

根据上下句的结构和词的减少,来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。

例如:

A:

Mybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.

B:

Doesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakfastatschool?

A:

Tom'salreadyweakinEnglish.

B:

Tom'salreadyweakinEnglish,isn'the?

A:

Theredlightchangeseverytwominutes.

B:

Howoftendoestheredlightchange?

3、改为感叹句。

根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性,来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式,例如:

A:

Thisisaninterestingbook.

B:

Whataninterestingbookthisis!

或Howinterestingthisbookis!

二、同义句转换。

根据上句,写出一个意思相同(或相近)的下句,此类形式繁多,内容复杂,涉及面广,归类如下:

1、同义词或词组之间的转换。

(通常上下句时态保持一致)。

常见的同义词或词组有:

(1)四个“花费”(spend-take-cost-take);

(2)三个“到达”(getto/reach/arrivein/aat);

(3)四个“收到…来信”(hearfrom/getaletterfrom/receivealetterfrom/havealetterfrom);

(4)两个“擅长于…”(begoodat/dowellin);

(5)两个“有空”(befree/havetime);

(6)三个“入睡”(gotosleep/gettosleep/fallasleep);

(7)两个“玩得开心”(enjoyoneself/haveagoodtime);

(8)“给…打电话”(callsb-telephonesb/ringsb.acall/makeatelephonetosb.)

(9)“飞往…”(flyto…-goto…byair/plane)

(10)“自学”(teachoneself/learn…byoneself)

(11)在…方面帮助help…with…/help…(to)do…

(12)在…差beweakin…/dobadlyin…

(13)能/会…:

can/beableto

(14)更喜欢…like…betterthan…/prefer…to…

(15)充满了…:

befullof…/befilledwith…

(16)放弃做…:

giveupdoing…/stopdoing…

(17)不再…:

nolonger/not…anylonger

(18)照顾/保管:

takecareof…/lookafter

(19)展览:

onshow/ondisplay

(20)阻止…干…:

stop…fromdoing-keep/prevent…fromdoing…

(21)由于:

thanksto/becauseof…

(22)举手:

handsup/putupone'shands

(23)最后,终于:

atlast/intheend

(24)与…不同:

bedifferentfrom…/benotthesameas…

(25)从…借入…:

borrow…from…/lend…to…

(26)乘公汽/火车/的士:

goto…bybus/train/taxi-takeabus/train/taxito…

(27)乘自行车去…:

goto…bybike/rideabiketo…

(28)为…感到自豪:

beproudof…/betheprideof…

(29)步行去…walkto…=goto…onfoot

(30)独自地byoneself=alone等。

例如:

A:

Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.

B:

Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.

2、同义句型之间的转化。

常见的同义句型有:

①Itseemsthat从句→Somebodyseems(tobe)+adj/n

②It'skindofsb.todo…→Somebodyiskindtodo…

③Whatdoes…mean?

→Whatdoyoumeanby…?

或What'sthemeaningof…?

④Thereissomethingwrongwith…→Somethingiswrongwith…

⑤not…until…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换

⑥What'swrongwith…?

→What'sthematterwith…?

⑦Howis…?

→What's…like…?

⑧Howdoyoulike…?

→Whatdoyouthinkof?

⑨It'stimethat…→It'stimeforsb.todo…

(10)It'ssaidthat…→Peoplesaythat…⑩CanIhelpyou?

→WhatcanIdoforyou?

例如:

A:

IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework.

B:

Ididn'tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.

3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化。

例如:

A:

Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,they'llgotothepark.

B:

Unlessitrainstomorrow,they'llgotothepark.

A:

Ifyoudon'thurry,you'llbelate.

B:

Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.

A:

Fishcan'tliveifthereisnowater.

B:

Fishcan'tlivewithoutwater.

4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。

在现在完成时态中,结束性动词不能与时间段连用,必须改成相应的延续性动词。

常见的动词转换有:

buy-have,borrow-keep,die-bedead,open-beopen,join-bein+组织/bea+成员,begin-beon,leave-beawayfrom,close-beclosed,arrivein/getto/come/goto-bein/at,finsh-beover,gotosleep-beasleep,getup-beup.

例如:

Theoldmandiedfivemonthsago.

Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago.

Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.

It'sfivemonthssincetheoldmandied.

Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.

5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。

①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。

例如:

A:

Isawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.

B:

Isawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.

A:

Theteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever.

B:

Theteacherfoundherveryclever.

A:

HefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell.

B:

HefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.

A:

Wearesurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.

B:

Wearesuretowintofirstmatch.

①.由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。

例如:

A:

CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

B:

Couldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?

A:

Wedon'tknowwhatweshoulddonext.

B:

Wedon'tknowwhattodonext.

②由when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until+doing…

例如:

A:

Theywenthomeaftertheyfinishedtheirwork.

B:

Thewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.

A:

MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina.

B:

MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.

Whensb.+be+数词+yearsold→attheageof+岁数

A:

Whenhewastwelveyearsold,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.

B:

Attheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.

③由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…todo或…enoughtodo……例如:

A:

TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.

B:

Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.

或:

Theboxisn'tlightenoughformetocarry.

A:

Thechildissooldthathecangotoschool.

B:

Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.

④由sothat引导的目的状语从句可转化为inordertodo例如:

A:

Myfathergotupearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.

B:

Myfathergotupearlythismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.

⑤由because引导的原因状语从句可转化为becauseof…例如:

A:

Wedidn'tgototheparkbecauseitrained.

B:

Wedidn'tgototheparkbecauseoftherain.

⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。

例如:

A:

ThemanwhoisonthebikeisJim.

B:

ThemanonthebikeisJim.

A:

Themanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.

B:

Themandrivingtheredcarismyboss.

A:

ThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister.

B:

ThegirlcalledMaryismysister.

6、用并列连词neither…nor;either…or…;both…and…;notonly…butalso…连句。

例如:

A:

Ihaven'tseenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasn'teither.

B:

NeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.

A:

Tomisgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench,too.

B:

TomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.

neither…nor…,either…or…和notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时,谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定,即“就近原则”,但是both…and用来连接两个主语时,谓语复数。

7、主动语与被动语态的互变。

“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。

“三变”即是主语,谓语和宾语的变化,“二不变”即时态不变,句式不变。

例如:

A:

Theymakewatchesinthetown.

B:

Watchesaremadebytheminthetown.

A:

Icanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.

B:

Theworkcanbefinished(byme)beforeeight.

A:

DotheygrowriceinSouthChina?

B:

IsricegrowninSouthChina?

注:

使役性动词make或感观性动词see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主动语态中所带省to的不定式宾补变为被动语态时,必须加上to.

A:

Isawhimtakeyourumbrella.

B:

Hewasseentotakeyourumbrella.

8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化,例如

A:

Chineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.

B:

Chineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

A:

Thisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.

B:

Thisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree.

Ⅵ.解题指导

要做好句型转换题,必须注意如下几点:

1、注重掌握教材中的基本句和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧。

2、弄清题意,明确题目考查点,了解题目所给句子与答句之间的关系。

3、注意从多角度,全方位考虑问题,突破难点,注意复查,看是否按要求完成了转换。

通过上述的归纳和指导,可以理清学生的“依章办事”的解题思路,养成“有条不紊”的解题习惯,培养多角度思维解题的能力,从而达到提高学习效率的目的。

特殊疑问句

注:

1、一般情况:

特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成。

2、特殊疑问词在句中充当成分。

3、不用yes,no回答,直接回答。

4、读降调。

5、常用疑问词:

who,what,whose,where,how,which,when,why,howmany,howmuch,howfar.Howlong,howoften,howsoon,howhigh,等。

对划线部分提问。

(把各句变为特殊疑问句)

1、对主语(人)提问:

Theboyisrunningnow.Whoisrunningnow?

2、对表语(人)提问:

HeisLily'sfather.Whoishe?

3、对介宾(人)提问:

Sheislookingforthelittleboy.Whoisshelookingfor?

4、对动宾(人)提问:

IoftenhelpWeiHuawithEnglish.WhodoyouoftenhelpwithEnglish?

5、对间宾(人)提问:

KatelentTomaballyesterday.WhodidKatelendaballyesterday?

6、对主语(东西)提问:

Thebooksareonthedesk..Whatareonthedesk?

7、对表语(东西)提问:

Theseareboats.Whatarethese?

8、对动宾(东西)提问:

Iwantacupoftea.Whatdoyouwant?

9对职业(提问)提问:

Themanisafarmer.Whatistheman?

Whatdoesthemando?

10.对介宾(东西)提问:

Heislookingforhispen.Whatishelookingfor?

11、对是什么提问:

It'saChinesecar.Whatisit?

12、对计算结果提问:

Sixandnineisfifteen.Whatissixandnine?

13、对年级提问:

I'minGradeThree.Whatgradeareyouin?

14、对班级提问:

LiLeiisinClassFive.WhatclassisLiLeiin?

15、对年级和班级提问:

WeiHuaisinClassThreeGradeOne,WhatclassandgradeisWeihuain?

16、对排提问:

WeareinRowOne.Whatrowareyouin?

注:

1、对年级、班级、排提问时,问句中的in不能去掉.

2,what后的grade,class,row用小写形式.

3,what根据实际译为汉语.

17、对学号提问:

LucyisNumberSix.WhatnumberisLucy?

WhatisLucy'snumber?

18、对后置定语提问:

ThisisamapofChina.Whatmapisthis?

19、对颜色提问:

Theflowersarered.Whatcoloraretheflowers?

20、对几点几分提问:

It'ssix.Whattimeisit?

What'sthetime?

21、对名字提问:

MynameisLiLei.What'syourname?

22、对前置定语提问:

Theseapplesareyours.Whichapplesareyours?

ThebestoneisLily's.WhichoneisLily's?

23、对表语(名物代)提问:

Thiscupisyours.Whoseisthecup?

24、对后置定语提问:

Theboyinthehatismybrother.Whichboyisyourbrother?

25、对后置定语提问:

Iwanttobuytheshirtontheleft.Whichshirtdoyouwanttobuy?

26、对主语(名物代)提问:

Mineisred.Whoseisred?

27、对定语(形物代)提问:

Theyaremybooks.Whosebooksarethey?

28、对定语(名词所有格)提问:

ThisisLucyandLily'sroom.Whoseroomisthis?

29、对表语(名词所有格)提问:

ThiscupisKate's.Whoseisthiscup?

30对身体提问:

I'mfine(well,OK,Allright.)Howareyou?

31、对年龄提问:

Theboyisfifteen.Howoldareyou?

32、对天气提问:

It'scloudytoday.Howistheweathertoday?

=What'stheweatherliketoday?

33、对语言提问:

IcanspellitinEnglish.Howcanyouspellit?

34、对方式提问:

Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.(bybus,bytrain,bybike?

?

?

)Howdoyouoftengotoschool?

35、对程度提问:

Shestudieshard.Howdoesshestudy?

36、对数量提问:

1,Therearefivebirdsinthetree.Howmanybirdsarethereinthetree?

2,Thereismuchwaterinthebottle.Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?

3,Thereisanappletreeinfrontofthehouse.Howmanyappletreesarethereinfrontofthehouse?

37、对价格提问:

Themeatistenyuan.Howmuchisthemeat?

注:

1,对价格提问,be应根据后面的主语而定。

2,单位yuan在问句中去掉。

38、对距离提问:

Thefactoryistwokilometersfromhere.Howfaristhefactoryfromhere?

39、对长度提问:

Therulerisonemetrelong.Howlongisth

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