不带to的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情况.docx

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不带to的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情况.docx

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不带to的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情况.docx

不带to的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情况

不带to的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情况之羊若含玉创作

动词不定式通常带有符号to,叫做带to的动词不定式(infinitive with"to"),动词不定式有时不带符号to,叫做不带to的动词不定式(infinitivewithout"to")

             

不带to的动词不定式通常有下面十八种情况

一、与助动词do连用组成谓语动词的否认、疑问和强调形式.           

(1)hedoesnotworkinthefactory. 

           

(2)Doesshe workhere?

           (3)Ididnotseeheryesterday.                    

           (4)Didthey takeyouhome?

           (5)Hedoeslooktired.                           

           (6)Theydidcome yesterday.

二、与情态动词连用组成复合谓语

        

(1)IcanspeakEnglish.                          

        

(2)MayIcomein?

        (3)Dareheswimacrosstheriver?

          

        (4)Wemustwork,and aboveallwemustbelieveinourselves.

       (5)Couldyoudosomethingforme?

                  

        (6)Youshallgo atonce.

        (7)Hemightbeworkingintheofficenow.             

        (8)Idon't thinkyouneedhavecomeyesterday.

        (9)Theyshouldbeherebynow.

        (10)Ifyouwillgointothefieldsandturnoverafewbig stones,youaresuretouncoveracityofant"people".

             但与情态动词ought(to)连用时通常带to,和used(to)连用时必须带to

三、在暗示感到的动词如:

see,look.at,watch,hear,listen

           to,feel,notice,observe,perceive(发觉,看见),behold(书面用语“见到”)等后用作宾语补足语的动词不定.

           

(1)Isawhercrossthestreet.                      

           

(2)Helooked atthechildrenwalkupthehill.

           (3)Iwatchedtheboycrosstheroad.               

           (4)Iheardher playthepiano.

           (5)Helistendtoustalk.                         

           (6)Ifeltthe floormove.

           (7)Ididn’tnoticeyouenter.                     

           (8)Heobservedsomeoneopenthedoor.

           (9)Ididnotperceiveanyonecomein.               

           (10)Hebeheld hergoout.

           但除notice,watch不必主动语态外,上述动词变成主动语态时,其后的动词不定式就不省to

           

(1)Shewasseentocrossstreet.                   

           

(2)Shewas heardtoplaythepiano.

四、使役动词make,let,have,bid,leave(=let)后作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to

           

(1)Youmaytakeahorsetothewater,butyoucan'tmakehimdrink.

           

(2)I'lllethimdoit.                             

           (3)Don'tforgettohavethemcome.

           (4)Bidhimgohome.                       

            (5)Leavehimgo.

           动词have通常不必于主动语态,make和bid可用于主动语态,let偶然也可用于主动态,用作主语补足语的动词不定式通常带to,但在make和let后有时可以不带to

           

(1)Johnwasmadetowashthetruckforaweekasapunishment.

           

(2)Hewasmade(to)laugh.

           (3)Thechildwaslet(to)doit.

五、never与know连用其后作宾语补足语的动词不定式可省to,其时态多为完成时态.

           

(1)Ineverknewhimactwithoutthinking.             

           

(2)I'venever knownitsnowinJulybefore.

           (3)Ihadneverknownheraskforpitybefore.        

           有时ever与known连用也有上述用法.            

           

(1)Haveyoueverknownmetella lie?

六、在find后作宾语补定语的动词不定式有时可以省to,但如动词为be,那么一般不省to,要省一起省略"tobe"

           

(1)Wefoundthefarmcrops(to)dowell.            

           

(2)Ifindthe Chinesepeopletobehappyandcheerful.

           (3)Ifoundthistobetrueinallthecities.              

            (4)We foundhim(tobe)honest/dishonest.

七、在cannotbut,cannothelpbut,cannotchoosebut,hadbetter(best),would(had)rather(sooner)…than…,wouldas

           soon…as…后的动词不定一般不带to

           

(1)Whenthecountrycallsyouforhelp,youcannotbutgo.

           

(2)Hecan'thelpbutfeelsorryforher.

           (3)hecannotchoosebutobey.                    

           (4)Ihadbetterleavenow,orI'llbelate.

           (5)Hehadbestbuyitnowwhileitisstillavailable.

           (6)Iwouldrathergomountain—climbingthanjusttakeawalk.

           (7)Myauntinvitedmetothemovies,butIsaidIhadrathergoona picnicwiththegirls.

           (8)Ihadsoonerliveonafarmthaninthecity.

           (9)Hewouldsoonerresignthantakepartinsuchdishonestbusiness deeds.

           (10)I'drathernottellyou.

           (11)Hesaidhe'dsoonerdiethanbetrayhisfriend.

八、在but(=except),besides,than后的动词不定式一般要带to,但如果其前有作谓语的实义动词do,则不定式不带to

           

(1)Thesoldierhasnochoicebuttoobey.                  

           

(2)He didnothaveanychoicebuttoobey.

           (3)Shedidnothingbutcleanthedishes.

           (4)Thechildrenfoundtherewasnothingtheycoulddowiththeirmoney,exceptspenditonsweets.

           (5)Thereseemednothingelsetodo but(to)sendforadoctor.(but前的实义动词do不作谓语,but后的不定式可带to,也可不带to)

           (6)Hedidnothingelsethanlaugh.

           (7)Icouldhardlydolessthanwait.

九、不定式作表语时,如主语部分含有实义动词do,且句子的时态为一般现在时或一般曩昔时(多为is或was),不定式可以带to也可不带to

           

(1)Whatwemustdonowis(to)findantherpersontohelpus.

           

(2)Allhecoulddowas(to)rushintotheroom. 

           如句子的动词时态不是一般现在时或一般曩昔时,作表语的动词不定式一般要带to

           

(1)Sheknewthatallshewouldhavetodowouldbetostopcrying.

十、ratherthan位于句首时,其后用不带to的不定式,但rather

           than在句中时,其后的动词不定式可以带to,也可以不带to

           

(1)Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwayspreferstorideabicyde.

           

(2)Ratherthancausetrouble,heleft.

           (3)Hepreferstorentacarratherthan(to)haveoneofhisown.

十一、在动词help后作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to,也可以不带,在英国英语中,多用不带to的不定式,但在英国英语中,help+宾语+不定式构造中,用不带to的不定式暗示主语直接介入不定式的暗示的动作,用带to的不定式暗示主语没有直接介入不定式的暗示的动作.

           

(1)Hehelpedmerepairthebicycle.

           

(2)Hehelpedmetorepairthebicycle.

           (3)Thiskindofsoaphelpsustowashtheclothesmoreeasily.

           (4)ThebookwillhelpyoutostudyEnglish.

           但在主动语态中,help后的不定式要带to

(1)Shewashelpedtorepairherbicycle. 

           在help(to)dosth不定式符号to可省略.

           Hehelped(to)repairthemachine.

十二、两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起时,第一个不定式带to,后面的不定式一般省去to

           

(1)Herjobistotakecareofthechildrenandwashclothes.

           

(2)Thegirldoesn'tknowhowtoreadandwrite.

           但如果是在对比场合,则不省去to

           

(1)Itisbettertolaughthantocry.

           

(2)Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,notto makeitmoredifficult.

十三、than衔接两个动词不定式没有比较关系时,后一个不定式可以省to

           

(1)Youmightdoworsethan(to)doashedoes.

           

(2)Icannotdobetterthan(to)getawayforthefewdays.

           下面句子中than衔接的不是两个动词不定式than后的动词不定式通常要带to

           

(1)Iknowbetterthantobelievehim.

           

(2)Thebeatenenemyhadnochoicethantosurrender.

           下句中的morethan(=only)可以算作复合副词,后面的动词不定式不带to

           

(1)Ididnotmorethanmakeabeginning.

十四、在why,whynot后的不定式不带to

           

(1)Whyspendsuchalotofmoney?

                

           

(2)Whynotjoin us?

           (3)Whydon'tyousmoke?

十五、实义动词dare在现代英语白话中,其所在的否认句或疑问句中,它后的动词不定式可省to,尤其在一般曩昔时中

           

(1)Doeshedarego?

                             

           

(2)Wedonotdare speak.

           (3)Hedidnotdarego.                           

           (4)Didhedare go?

           (5)Hedaredgo.                                

           (6)Daredhego?

           (7)Heknewshedarednotopenhismouth.

十六、在白话中,特别是在美国,祈使语气谓语动词和组成谓语的不定式go后面的不定式往往不带to           

(1)Goaskher.           

(2)I'llgoseemybrother.           这种用法在英国白话中比较少见,一般在动词go后用连词and           

(1)GOandaskher.

           

(2)I'llgoandsee mybrother.

十七、在"willyouplease…?

"和wouldyouplease…?

句型中,要用不带to的不定式.

           

(1)WillyoupleasegivethenotetoTom?

            

           

(2)Willyou pleaseopenthewindow?

           (3)Wouldyoupleasegivemeahand?

十八、Better+动原(白话中用)

           

(1)Betteraskthemgoastray.                     

           

(2)Bettergoat once.

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