To Helen 中文翻译 评析.docx
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ToHelen中文翻译评析
Helen,thybeautyistome
海伦,你的美貌于我
似远古尼西亚人的帆船,
轻轻飘过芬芳的海面,
让旅途劳顿的游子,
回到他故乡的岸边。
Greece,
AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.
在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上,
你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞,
和尼厄神般的风采已带我回家乡,
回到罗马曾经的伟大,
和希腊曾经的荣光。
瞧!
彼处辉煌窗龛里
你,恰似雕像,伫立,
玛瑙灯儿手中提!
啊,普赛克,来自
仙土圣地!
注:
1.thoseNiceanbarksofyore:
古代尼西亚人的那些航船,意指具有古典的美。
2.hyacinth:
风信子花。
根据古希腊神话,太阳神阿波罗所钟爱的少年海尔欣瑟斯(Hyacinthus)有一头美丽的长发,在他被误杀后,从他的血泊中长出了一种纤细修长,迎风招展的美丽鲜花。
3.airs:
音乐旋律和曲调。
4.agate:
玛瑙。
5.Psyche:
普塞克,古希腊、罗马神话中嫁给爱神厄洛斯的美女。
厄洛斯禁止她看见自己的形象,但是普塞克还是克制不住好奇心,在夜晚举灯看见了丈夫的模样,结果被逐出家门。
6.Naiad:
古希腊、罗马神话中的水泉女神。
"ToHelen"isthefirstoftwopoemstocarrythatnamewrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe.The15-linepoemwaswritteninhonorofJaneStanard,themotherofachildhoodfriend.Itwasfirstpublishedin1831collectionPoemsofEdgarA.Poethenreprintedin1836intheSouthernLiteraryMessenger.Poerevisedthepoemin1845,makingseveralimprovements,mostnotablychanging"thebeautyoffairGreece,andthegrandeurofoldRome"to"theglorythatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwasRome."Theseimprovedlinesarethemostwell-knownlinesofthepoem.
Background
EdgarAllanPoewrote“ToHelen”asareflectiononthebeautyofMrs.JaneStithStanard,whodiedin1824.ShewasthemotherofoneofPoe’sschoolclassmates,RobertStanard.WhenRobertinvitedEdgar,then14,tohishomein1823,Poewasgreatlytakenwiththe27-year-oldwoman,whoissaidtohaveurgedhimtowritepoetry.Hewaslatertowritethatshewashisfirstreallove.
Theme
ThethemeofthisshortpoemisthebeautyofawomanwithwhomPoebecameacquaintedwhenhewas14.Apparentlyshetreatedhimkindlyandmayhaveurgedhim–orperhapsinspiredhim–towritepoetry.Beauty,asPoeusesthewordinthepoem,appearstorefertothewoman'ssoulaswellasherbody.Ontheonehand,herepresentsherasHelenofTroy–thequintessenceofphysicalbeauty–atthebeginningofthepoem.Ontheother,herepresentsherasPsyche–thequintessenceofsoulfulbeauty–attheendofthepoem.InGreek,psychemeanssoul.
ImageryandSummaryofthePoemPoeopensthepoemwithasimile–“Helen,thybeautyistome/LikethoseNicéanbarksofyore”–thatcomparesthebeautyofHelenwithsmallsailingboats(barks)thatcarriedhometravelersinancienttimes.Heextendsthisboatimageryintothesecondstanza,whenhesaysHelenbroughthimhometotheshoresofthegreatestcivilizationsofantiquity,classicalGreeceandRome.ItmaywellhavebeenthatMrs.Stanard’sbeautyandotheradmirablequalities,aswellashertakingnoticeofPoe’swritingability,helpedinspirehimtowritepoetrythatmimickedinsomewaystheclassicaltraditionofGreeceandRome.Certainlythepoem’sallusionstomythologyandtheclassicalagesuggestthathehadagroundingin,andafondnessfor,ancienthistoryandliterature.Inthefinalstanzaofthepoem,PoeimaginesthatMrs.Stanard(Helen)standingbeforehiminarecessoralcoveinfrontofawindow.Sheisholdinganagatelamp,asthebeautifulPsychedidwhenshediscoveredtheidentityofEros(Cupid).Forfurtherinformationontheagatelamp,Psyche,andEros,seesthecommentsoppositethethirdstanza.
Analysis:
AsistypicalwithmanyofPoe'spoems,therhythmandrhymeschemeof"ToHelen"isirregularbutmusicalinsound.Thepoemconsistsofthreestanzasoffivelineseach,wheretheendrhymeofthefirststanzaisABABB,thatofthesecondisABABA,andthatofthethirdisABBAB.Poeusessoothing,positivewordsandrhythmstocreateafittingtoneandatmosphereforthepoem.Hisconcludingimageisthatoflight,witha"brilliantwindowniche"andtheagatelampsuggestingtheglowingofthe"HolyLand,"forwhichHelenisthebeacon.
Original1831version
Helen,thybeautyistome
LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore,
Thatgently,o'eraperfum'dsea,
Thewearyway-wornwandererbore
Tohisownnativeshore.
Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,
Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,
ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehome
TothebeautyoffairGreece,
AndthegrandeurofoldRome.
Lo !
inthatlittlewindow-niche
Howstatue-likeIseetheestand!
Thefoldedscrollwithinthyhand—
APsychefromtheregionswhich
AreHolyland !
Revised1845version
Helen,thybeautyistome
LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore
Thatgently,o'eraperfumedsea,
Theweary,way-wornwandererbore
Tohisownnativeshore.
Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,
Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,
ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehome
TotheglorythatwasGreece,
AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.
Lo,inyonbrilliantwindow-niche
Howstatue-likeIseetheestand,
Theagatelampwithinthyhand,
Ah!
Psyche,fromtheregionswhich
AreHolyLand!