To Helen 中文翻译 评析.docx

To Helen 中文翻译 评析.docx

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ToHelen中文翻译评析

Helen,thybeautyistome

海伦，你的美貌于我

似远古尼西亚人的帆船，

轻轻飘过芬芳的海面，

让旅途劳顿的游子，

回到他故乡的岸边。

Greece,

AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.

在漂泊已久、波涛汹涌的海上，

你风信子般的头发、古典的脸庞，

和尼厄神般的风采已带我回家乡，

回到罗马曾经的伟大，

和希腊曾经的荣光。

瞧！

彼处辉煌窗龛里

你，恰似雕像，伫立，

玛瑙灯儿手中提！

啊，普赛克，来自

仙土圣地！

注：

1.thoseNiceanbarksofyore:

古代尼西亚人的那些航船，意指具有古典的美。

2.hyacinth:

风信子花。

根据古希腊神话，太阳神阿波罗所钟爱的少年海尔欣瑟斯（Hyacinthus）有一头美丽的长发，在他被误杀后，从他的血泊中长出了一种纤细修长，迎风招展的美丽鲜花。

3.airs:

音乐旋律和曲调。

4.agate:

玛瑙。

5.Psyche:

普塞克，古希腊、罗马神话中嫁给爱神厄洛斯的美女。

厄洛斯禁止她看见自己的形象，但是普塞克还是克制不住好奇心，在夜晚举灯看见了丈夫的模样，结果被逐出家门。

6.Naiad:

古希腊、罗马神话中的水泉女神。

"ToHelen"isthefirstoftwopoemstocarrythatnamewrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe.The15-linepoemwaswritteninhonorofJaneStanard,themotherofachildhoodfriend.Itwasfirstpublishedin1831collectionPoemsofEdgarA.Poethenreprintedin1836intheSouthernLiteraryMessenger.Poerevisedthepoemin1845,makingseveralimprovements,mostnotablychanging"thebeautyoffairGreece,andthegrandeurofoldRome"to"theglorythatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwasRome."Theseimprovedlinesarethemostwell-knownlinesofthepoem.

Background

EdgarAllanPoewrote“ToHelen”asareflectiononthebeautyofMrs.JaneStithStanard,whodiedin1824.ShewasthemotherofoneofPoe’sschoolclassmates,RobertStanard.WhenRobertinvitedEdgar,then14,tohishomein1823,Poewasgreatlytakenwiththe27-year-oldwoman,whoissaidtohaveurgedhimtowritepoetry.Hewaslatertowritethatshewashisfirstreallove.

Theme

ThethemeofthisshortpoemisthebeautyofawomanwithwhomPoebecameacquaintedwhenhewas14.Apparentlyshetreatedhimkindlyandmayhaveurgedhim–orperhapsinspiredhim–towritepoetry.Beauty,asPoeusesthewordinthepoem,appearstorefertothewoman'ssoulaswellasherbody.Ontheonehand,herepresentsherasHelenofTroy–thequintessenceofphysicalbeauty–atthebeginningofthepoem.Ontheother,herepresentsherasPsyche–thequintessenceofsoulfulbeauty–attheendofthepoem.InGreek,psychemeanssoul. 

ImageryandSummaryofthePoemPoeopensthepoemwithasimile–“Helen,thybeautyistome/LikethoseNicéanbarksofyore”–thatcomparesthebeautyofHelenwithsmallsailingboats（barks）thatcarriedhometravelersinancienttimes.Heextendsthisboatimageryintothesecondstanza,whenhesaysHelenbroughthimhometotheshoresofthegreatestcivilizationsofantiquity,classicalGreeceandRome.ItmaywellhavebeenthatMrs.Stanard’sbeautyandotheradmirablequalities,aswellashertakingnoticeofPoe’swritingability,helpedinspirehimtowritepoetrythatmimickedinsomewaystheclassicaltraditionofGreeceandRome.Certainlythepoem’sallusionstomythologyandtheclassicalagesuggestthathehadagroundingin,andafondnessfor,ancienthistoryandliterature.Inthefinalstanzaofthepoem,PoeimaginesthatMrs.Stanard（Helen）standingbeforehiminarecessoralcoveinfrontofawindow.Sheisholdinganagatelamp,asthebeautifulPsychedidwhenshediscoveredtheidentityofEros（Cupid）.Forfurtherinformationontheagatelamp,Psyche,andEros,seesthecommentsoppositethethirdstanza.

Analysis:

AsistypicalwithmanyofPoe'spoems,therhythmandrhymeschemeof"ToHelen"isirregularbutmusicalinsound.Thepoemconsistsofthreestanzasoffivelineseach,wheretheendrhymeofthefirststanzaisABABB,thatofthesecondisABABA,andthatofthethirdisABBAB.Poeusessoothing,positivewordsandrhythmstocreateafittingtoneandatmosphereforthepoem.Hisconcludingimageisthatoflight,witha"brilliantwindowniche"andtheagatelampsuggestingtheglowingofthe"HolyLand,"forwhichHelenisthebeacon.

Original1831version

Helen,thybeautyistome

    LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore,

Thatgently,o'eraperfum'dsea,

    Thewearyway-wornwandererbore

    Tohisownnativeshore.

Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,

    Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,

ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehome

    TothebeautyoffairGreece,

AndthegrandeurofoldRome.

Lo !

inthatlittlewindow-niche

    Howstatue-likeIseetheestand!

    Thefoldedscrollwithinthyhand—

APsychefromtheregionswhich

    AreHolyland !

Revised1845version

Helen,thybeautyistome

LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore

Thatgently,o'eraperfumedsea,

Theweary,way-wornwandererbore

Tohisownnativeshore.

Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,

Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,

ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehome

TotheglorythatwasGreece,

AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.

Lo,inyonbrilliantwindow-niche

Howstatue-likeIseetheestand,

Theagatelampwithinthyhand,

Ah!

Psyche,fromtheregionswhich

AreHolyLand!