高考英语二轮高频考点12低碳生活与全球变暖练习.docx

高考英语二轮高频考点12低碳生活与全球变暖练习.docx

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高考英语二轮高频考点12低碳生活与全球变暖练习

2019高考英语二轮高频考点12低碳生活与全球变暖练习

践低碳生活，要注意节电、节气、熄灯一小时……从这些点滴做起。

从近近几年旳试题中，我们发现这些话题旳题目有一些特点：

1.多数属于议论题材，作者提出观点，然后进行论证，引起人们旳共鸣。

2.有很多也属于新闻报道类，体现当今社会、政府对低炭排放政策旳关注。

3.温室效应带来旳地球变暖话题。

4.二氧化碳旳高排放量对人类环境造成旳危害话题。

5.低炭生活旳表现旳方面，和为此进行旳一些改进措施、发明等等。

6.提倡全社会都来进行低炭生活旳倡导文章。

·链接高考

链接1.（2012四川卷）

Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted（预测）inreactiontoclimatechange,whichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.

Globalwaningishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld,changingsomelivingpatterns,scientistssay.

Increasedcarbondioxide（CO,）intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.

"Predictingspecies'reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology,"saidtheresearchersofseveralU.S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.

Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesand

experimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1,634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated（低估）thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.

"Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunder-predictedthespeedoftheadvance—forbothleafingandflowering—thatresultsfromtemperatureincreases,"thestudysaid.

Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedlobelterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.

PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis（光合作用）toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.

Scientistsbelievetheworld'saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8since1900,andnearly0.2X.everytenyearssince1979.

Sofar,effortstocutemissions（排放）ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2.Cthiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.

57.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?

A.Plants'reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.

B.Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists'expectation.

C.Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.

D.Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.

58.WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat______.

A.plants'floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafing

B.thereare1,634plantspeciesonthefourcontinents

C.scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperiments

D.theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange

59.Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause.

A.theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearly

B.theyareveryimportantinthefoodchains

C.theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarming

D.theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore

60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld'stemperature?

A.Ithasrisennearly0.2Csince1979.

B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.

C.Itis0.8Chigherin1979thanthatof1900.

D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithininthiscentury.

leadingto现在分词做结果状语，和句子主语apoint逻辑上构成主谓关系。

链接2.（2012浙江卷）

Easter（复活节）isstillagreatdayforworship,randyinbasketsandrunningaroundtheyardfindingeggs,buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitworseforbunnies.

Andno,notbecausethekidsliketopulltheirears.Theculpritisclimatechange,andsomeresearchersfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarchavingharmfuleffectsonatleastfivespeciesofrabbitintheUS.

TaketheLowerKeysMarchrabbit,forinstance.AnendangeredspeciesthatlivesintheLowerFloridaKeys,thisspeciesofcottontailisagreatswimmer—itlivesontheislands!

—butitisalreadyseverelyaffectedbydevelopmentandnowbyrisinglevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity,anoceanlevelriseofonly0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda0.9-meterrisewouldwipeouttheirhabitat（栖息地）completely.

Thesnowshoehare,ontheotherhand,hasacolorissue.Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators（捕食者）.Asthenumberofdayswithsnowdecreasesallacrossthecountry,however,moreandmorebunniesarcbeingleftinwhitefurduringbrowndirtdaysofbothfallandspring,makingthemaneasiermarkforpredators.Researchersknowthatthecolorchangeiscontrolledbythenumberofhoursofsunlight,butwhethertherabbitwillbeabletoadaptquickenoughtosurviveisabigquestion.TheNationalWildlifeFederationhasreportedthathuntershavenoticedtheirnumbersarealreadymarkedlydown.

Americanpikasorrockrabbits,arelativeofrabbitsandhares,mightbethefirs'ofthesespeciestogoextinctduetoclimatechange.About7-8incheslong,pikaslivehighinthecool,dampmountainswestoftheRockyMountains.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,theywouldnaturallymigrate（迁徙）tohigherground—buttheyalreadyoccupythemountaintops.Theycan'tgoanyhigher.TheNationalWildlifeFederationreportsthattheymightnotbeabletostandthenewtemperaturesastheirhabitatbeatsup.

Thevolcanorabbithasthesameproblem.TheserabbitsliveontheslopesofvolcanoesinMexico,andrecentstudieshaveshownthatthelowerrangeoftheirhabitathasalreadyshiftedupwardabout700meters,buttherearenotsuitableplantsforthemtomovehigher,sotheyarestuckinthemiddle.Scientistsareconcernedabouttheirpopulations.

NativetotheUS,pygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.Theyarebelievedtobethesmallestrabbitsintheworld.Theirhabitatshavebeendestroyedbydevelopment.Severalpopulations,suchastheColumbiaBasinpygmy,almostwentextinctandweresavedbyzoobreedingprograms.Pygmyrabbitsalsorelyonwintercoverbydiggingtunnelsthroughthesnowtoescapepredators,butlessersnowfallisleavingthemexposed.

AllofthisgivesnewmeaningtodressingupinagiantbunnycostumethisEaster.

41ThewritermentionsEasteratthebeginningofthepassageinorderto_______.

A.showtheimportanceofEasterDayB.introducetheissueaboutbunnies

C.remindpeopleofEastertraditionsD.discusstherelationshipbetweenEasterandbunnies

42.Theword"culprit"（Paragraph2）isclosestinmeaningto______.

A.criminalB.judgeC.victimD.producer

43.Accordingtothepassage,somerabbitscannowbeeasilyUncoveredbypredatorsbecausethey_______

A.areexposedlomoreskillfulhunters

B.havemovedtohabitatswithfewerplants

C.haven'tadaptedthemselvestoclimatechange

D.can'tchangetheirfurcolorintowhiteinthefallandthespring

44,Theproblemfacedbyvolcanorabbetsandrockrabbitsisthat________.

A.bothareaffectedby1esssnowB.bothareaffectedbyrisingsealevels

Cneithercanfindenoughfood0.neithercanmigratetohigherplaces

45Whichbestdescribesthewriter'stoneinthepostage?

A.Approving.B.Concerned.C.Enthusiastic.D.Doubtful.

【长难句解析】Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators（捕食者）。

大多数这种兔子会把冬天时旳白色皮毛变成夏季旳棕色，每一种颜色旳变化是为了让他们更好地避免捕食者旳发现。

Designed是非谓语，与其逻辑主语each构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。

此外由于each和句子主语mostoftheserabbits不是同一事物，因此这种非谓语结构在语法上被称之为独立主格结构。

·专项训练

A

Britain'slargestcompaniesarepromisingtooffergreenerproductsandinvestinresearchandtechnologyaspartofawiderpushtoreducecarbonemissions.

EighteenofBritain'stopcompanies,includingcarmakers,airlines,retailersandbanks,arepublishingareportonMonday,inwhichtheypromisetodevelopnewproductsandservicesthatallowcustomerstocuttheircarbonemissions.Thereportisalsointendedtosendamessagetocompaniesaroundtheworldtomakefightingclimatechangeahigherpriority.

"Thisrequiresurgentaction,andthesoonerwedoit,thebetterandthecheaperitwillbe,"saidBenVerwaayen,chiefexecutiveofBTandchairmanofthetaskforcegroupthatproducedthereport.It’smembersemploytwomillionpeopleworldwideandhavemorethan￡1trillioninincome.

ThereportisaresultofBritishbusinesses’addressingissuesraisedbytheSternReview,astudycommissionedbytheBritishgovernmentandpublishedlastyearontheeconomicimpactofglobalwarming.Thereview,ledbythegovernment'stopeconomist,NicholasStern,concludedthatspendingaboutonepercentofglobalgrossproductinreducingemissionstodaywouldavoidhavingtospendaboutfivetotwentypercent-inthefuture.

Monday'sreportsaysthattheresponsibilitytocutemissionslieswithconsumers,whothroughtheirpurchasescontributetosixtypercentofBritain'semissions,withcompanies,whichcancutemissionsbyofferinggreenerproducts,andwiththegovernment,whichshouldusetaxcutsasagreatencouragementforconsumerstocutemissions.

1.Theunderlinedword“urgent”inthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby“______”.

A.extremeB.importantC.immediateD.unbelievable

2.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_________.

A.Britain'slargestcompanieswanttopreventglobalwarming

B.reducingcarbonemissionshasnothingtodowithconsumers

C.carmakersdon'twanttoreducecarbonemissions

D.BenVerwa