牛津译林9A 第三单元 词汇 语法 综合讲义设计.docx
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牛津译林9A第三单元词汇语法综合讲义设计
Unit3Teenageproblems
Mainwordsandphrases:
beworthdoing/hardly/progress/workout/perhaps/drivesbmad/solveetc.
Chiefgrammarruler:
transitiveverbs+wh+clause[及物动词+疑问词(连接代/副词)引起的宾语从句
△Newwords
1.teenageadj.青少年的
△teenagern.青少年
2.markn.分数[相当于score]
3.madadj.发疯的
drivesbmad使某人发狂
be/getmadat对......发狂/生气
Don’tbemadathim.Youknowheisonlyachild.
4.examn.考试[全称examination,相当于test]
5.perhapsadv.或许[相当于maybe,通常位于句首+句子]
Perhapsitwillraintomorrow.
6.dealvi:
处理
[辨析]dealwith/dowith处理
二者都可以表示‘处理,应对’。
但是dealwith通常与how连用,dowith通常与what连用。
Ididn’tknowhowtodealwiththeproblem.
Ididn’tknowwhattodowiththeproblem.
7.choicen.选择
havenochoicebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事
NowIhavenochoicebuttowaitforthefinalbus.
8.stayup熬夜
stayupdoing/todo熬夜做某事
9.awakeadj.醒着的
表语形容词,通常在句中只做表语。
以a开头的许多表示状态的形容都只可以做表语。
例如afire(着火的)、alike(相像的)、alive(活着的)等。
Thewomanisawakenow.
10.hardlyadv.几乎不(相当于hardlyever)
表示频率的否定副词,类似的还有rarely(极少)、seldom(很少)等。
这些词在不明确表示固定的时间界限下,句中的谓语动词都为现在式(即一般现在时)。
Ihardlygotoschoolbybus.
[考点洞悉]Ihardlyeatjunkfood,doI?
→因为hardly本身是一个否定词,所以反义疑问句需用肯定形式
-He______playssocceronweekends,doesshe?
-No,helikeswatchingTV.
A.oftenB.alwaysC.hardlyD.sometimes
11.imaginev.设想,想象
imaginedoing想象做某事
imaginesbdoing想象某人做某事
imaginethat想象......
imagine疑问词+不定式想象......
Ican’timaginedancingonthestageinfrontoftheaudience.
Icanimaginehimsayingthat.
Imaginethatyouareonthemoonnow.
It’shardtoimaginehowtolivewithoutair.
12.doubtv.怀疑n.怀疑
doubtif/whetherclause怀疑......
notdoubtthatclause不曾怀疑......
Thereissomedoubtwhetherclause有些疑虑.......
Thereisnodoubtthat毫无疑问......
without/beyonddoubt毫无疑问
ifindoubt如果有疑虑
doubtabout/asto...关于.......的疑虑
△doubtfuladj.有疑虑的
doubtlessadj.毫无疑问的
Idoubtwhether/ifhewillcometomorrow.
Idon’tdoubtthatheisakindperson.
ThereisnodoubtthatJackwillwintherace.
13.be(well)worthdoingsth(很)值得做某事[此结构中动名词的主动形式表被动含义]
Thebookisworthreading.
TheGardensareworthpayingavisitto.
[扩展]worth/worthy/worthwhile
worthadj.值得的[只能做表语,虽为形容词但是用法与介词类似]
beworth名词/代词/动名词值得.......
Thefilmisworthwatching.
beworth还可以借助it做形式主语。
Itisworthwaitingforhimforsolongatthebusstop.
worthyadj.值得的;值得尊敬的[做表语和定语都可以]
beworthyof......值得......
beworthytodo值得做......
Heisaworthyman.
Thisresultisworthbeingstudied./Thisresultisworthytobestudied.→不定式和动名词的形式完全取决于其与主语的关系,若是逻辑上的主谓关系则用主动式,若形成逻辑上的董斌关系则用被动式]
worthwhileadj.值得的,值得做的[用作表语和定语都可以,通常用来修饰物以及对于某事花的时间、精力和金钱等是否值得]
Wethinkthediscussionisworthwhile.
通常借助it做形式主语,其后用不定式和动名词都可以,还可以接从句。
Itisworthwhilewritingthearticlealltheday./Itisworthwhiletowritethearticlealltheday.
Itisworthwhilethatwespentthewholesummervacationreadingthestorybookfromanothercountry.
有时worthwhile可以分开写,中间加上所需要的物主代词。
Thismovieisworthourwhiletoseeagain.
14.suggestionn.建议[C]△suggestv.建议
advicen.建议[U]
Canyougivemeasuggestion?
/Canyougivemeapieceofsuggestion?
asuggestionon/about...关于....的建议
动词suggest在前第二单元的讲义中已做过详细的注解,再此不在过多的声明。
15.causen.起因v.引起,造成
reasonn.原因
thecauseof.........的起因
thereasonfor.........的原因
cause+N+todo引起/导致......做某事
Iwonderthecauseofthecaraccident.
Hiscarelessnesscausedhimtofailinthemathexamination.
16.strictadj.严格的
bestrictwithsb对某人严厉
bestrictinsth对某事严格
MyEnglishteacherisstrictwithus.
Pleasebestrictinyourtask.
17.valuableadj.有价值的
bevaluableto......对......有价值
Hissuggestionisvaluabletome.
△valuev.珍惜n.价值
beof(great)value有价值
在英语中,beof+名词=该名词的形容词
Themachineisuseful./Themachineisofuse.
18.workout计算出,解决出;锻炼
workout/solvetheproblem
Iworkoutregularlytokeepfit.
19.accordingto根据
Accordingtothepassage,welearntherearelotsofcreaturesthathaven’tbeendiscoveredbyhumans.
20.whompron.谁[who的宾格]
WithwhomareyougoingtoHainanonvacation?
ThisisthewomanwhomImetyesterday.
21.silencen.寂静
△silentadj.寂静的keepsilent保持沉寂
silentlyadv.寂静地=insilence
22.solvev.解决
△solutionn.措施
[注意]①problem和question前的搭配
solve/workouttheproblem解决问题
answerthequestion回答问题
②thesolutiontotheproblem
theanswertothequestion
thekeytothedoor
theflighttoBeijing
23.replyn.答复,回答v.答复,回应
givesbareply给某人一个答复
replyto...回答......
24.laughat嘲笑......
Thosewhoarelaughingatothersarelaughingatthemselvesinfact.
25.progressn.进展[U]
make(much/great)progress取得(巨大的)进步
makelittleprogress几乎不进步
26.goover复习
goahead继续吧;(同意对方的请求)好吧;先走一步
goup上涨
godown下降;落下;出故障
goout出去;熄灭(不及物动词词组,区别于putout)
27.aloudadv.大声地;发出声音地[位于动词之后]
Pleasereadthepassagealoud.
[辨析]aloud/loud/loudly
aloudadv大声地,发出声地:
着重于声音足够大让人听得见,位于动词之后
“Youareafool.”hesaidaloud.
loudadj/adv大声:
侧重于给人的感觉,作为副词位于动词之后
Speaklouder,ornoonecanhearyourwords.
Heiscomplaininginaloudvoice.
loudlyadv.大声地:
声音大,还有喧哗,吵杂,噪声的含义
JackwaslaughingtooloudlywhenIcamein.
28.pronouncevt.发音
△pronunciationn.发音
Canyoutellmehowtopronouncetheword?
Payattentiontoyourpronunciation.
29.mentionv.提到
mentionNto......向......提到.......
mentionthat提到......
mentiondoing提到做某事
Nobodymentionedittomethatacaraccidenthappenedtohimyesterday.
IntheletterImentionedthatImightmovetoJapanlater.
[扩展]Don’tmentionit.不客气;没关系[通常回答thankyou和sorry]
回答thankyou的答语:
Youarewelcome.
Notatall.
That’sallright/That’salright.
Don’tmentionit.
Mypleasure.
回答sorry的用语:
Itdoesn’tmatter.
Don’tmentionit.
Notatall.
That’sallright.
Forgetit.
30.stressn.紧张;重视v.强调;使......焦虑不安
△stressed(out)adj.感到压力很大的
Don’thavetoomuchemotionalstress.
Americanpeopleputgreatstressonliterature.
Ifeelstressedout.
31.beofone’sage与......同龄的[通常在句中做表语和后置定语]
[扩展]atone’sage在某人那个年纪的时候[通常在句中做状语]
WhenIwasaboyofyourage,Ihadtodolotsofhousework.
Iadmirehimforbeingsobraveathisage.
32.sleepy/asleep
sleepyadj.劳累的,昏昏欲睡的feelsleepy感到昏昏欲睡的
asleepadj.熟睡的fallasleep熟睡的
△句型分析
1.ThenIsometimesfindithardtostayawakethenextday.
it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为tostayawakethenextday
find/believe/think/makeitadj(forsb)todo
IthinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.
2.IdreamofalongholidaysothatIcouldhavemorefreetimeformyhobbies.
(以便于,为了)引导目的状语从句,相当于inorderthat
Igetupearlyeverydayinorderthat/sothatIcancatchthefirstbus.
3.Perhapsyoushouldgooverwhatyouhavelearntasoftenaspossible.
尽可能经常的
as...aspossible
=as...asonecan
Pleasewritebacktomeassoonaspossible.
△Grammarfocus
1.疑问词引导的宾语从句
在英语中疑问词引导的宾语从句,须注意该从句要用陈述句语序。
IwonderwhatIshoulddo.
Danieldoesn’tknowwhomheshouldtalkto.
Idon’tunderstandwhytheyaresostrictwithme.
[注意]:
当句谓语动词的主语与宾语从句的主语一致时,(换句话说,即不定式的逻辑主语与句中主语是同一个人。
)该宾语从句可以改写成疑问词(why除外)+动词不定式的形式。
IwonderwhatIshoulddo.主从复合句
→Iwonderwhattodo.简单句
2.提建议的句型
①How/Whatabout+N/V-ing
②Whynot+V原形/Whydon’tyou+V原形
③Let’s/Letus+V原形
④You’dbetter(not)do
⑤Youcan/should+V原形
⑥Shallwe+V原形