江苏专转本英语词汇经典总结.docx
《江苏专转本英语词汇经典总结.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《江苏专转本英语词汇经典总结.docx(56页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
江苏专转本英语词汇经典总结
1.varietyn.
avarietyof多种多样的=various
eg:
Everyonearrivedlateatthepartyforavarietyofreasons.
varietiesof各种……=various
eg:
Aneagerfarmerisalwayslookingfornewvarietiesofwheat.
varyv.变化
variousa.各种各样的
variationn.改变,变化
variablea.易变的,无常的
diverse(adj.)----diversify(v.)----diversity(n.)----adiversityof=diverse
2.due:
expectedorsupposed预期的,约定的;到期的;适当的
dueto…由于,因为
Eg:
Hisillnesswasduetobadweather/thefactthathecannotadapthimselftotheclimateofanewplace.….水土不服
induecourse在适当的时候,适当时机
Youmustreturnthebookstothelibrarybeforetheyaredue.
Wemustpaydueattentiontothespellinginourwriting.
beduetodosth按照约定时间或者地点做某事
eg.ThetrainisduetoarriveinShanghaiat3:
00am.
3.confidence–confident—confidential(机密的)
inconfidence秘密地,推心置腹地
private&confidential机密
Eg.Iwilltellyouthisinconfidence.
withconfidence信心十足地
Eg.Heacceptedthetaskwithconfidence.
beconfidentofsth对什么自信
eg.Heisconfidentofhisabilitytopasstheband4exam.
4.assurevt.使确信;向...保证;
assuresbofsth.assuresbthat…
egIassureyouthatIwillnotsayawordaboutthistoanyone.
Icanassureyouofthereliabilityoftheinformation.
insure“给…保险,投保”,常与against搭配
eg.Itwouldbewisetoinsureyourhouseagainstfire.
insurancecompany保险公司
ensure=makesthensureensurethat…(保证)…)ensuresbsth(保证某人得到某东西)
eg.Toensurethechild’squickrecovery,thedoctorgavehimanantibiotic.
Iwillensureyoutheticket.
guarantee“保证,确保,为…担保”
eg.guaranteeaproduct
Takethisopportunity,andIguaranteethatyouwon’tregretit.
Itisstillunderguarantee,sothemanufacturewillrepairit.(仍在保修期)
Giveaguaranteeofone’sgoodbehaviour.
5.conquer(vt):
defeatorovercome克服,征服
eg.Itisveryhardtoconquerbadhabits.
conquerable(adj.)→conqueror(n.)征服者,胜利者→conquest(n.)征服
conquer和overcome辨析
conquer:
征服,多指用暴力或斗争使其他事物置于控制之中。
overcome:
克服,强调艰苦的斗争,排除障碍而取得胜利,多用于克服精神方面的东西。
eg.TheGermansconqueredmostoftheEuropeanContinentin1941.
Wemustovercomeourshortcomings.
6.dayshift白班shiftone’sground改变立场shiftforoneself自谋生计
shiftfrom…to…改变位置或者方向
eg.Thewindshiftedfromwesttonorth.
rangebetweenAandB在A和B之间变化或者变动;
rangefromAtoB从A延伸到B
eg.Theiragesrangefrom25to50.
Pricesrangebetween$7and$10.
7.impress
vt.
(1)(oftenpassive)使…获得深刻印象
(oftenpassive)使…获得深刻印象;铭刻,使铭记
beimpressedby/with(主语人)被什么留下深刻影响
beimpressedupon/on(主语物)使某人牢牢记住
eg.Hiswordsarestronglyimpressedonmymemory.
Thebeautifulsceneryisstronglyimpressedonmymind.
Iamveryimpressedwiththebeautifulscenery.
Theteacherisdeeplyimpressedbythestudents’abilitytosolvetheproblem.
(2)铭刻,使铭记
impresssb.withsth给……留下什么印象
impresssthon/uponsb铭刻……心中
impresssthin/onone’smemory使…铭记在心
Eg.Heimpressedmewiththevalueofhardwork.
Hiswordsimpressthemselvesonmymemory.
Thegirlimpressedherclassmatewithhersenseofhumor.
(3)tomakeamarkbypressing[into,to]用硬物压上软物留下印记
impressone’sfingerontheglass
adj.animpressivespeech
n.haveimpressiononsth
8.consider
considered:
carefullythoughtout深思熟虑的
EgHehopedthatthecommitteewouldthinkabouthisconsideredopinion.
considerate:
考虑周到的,体谅的
considerable相当多的
considerable:
相当大(多)的
considerationn.考虑,要考虑的事takesthintoconsideration/account考虑到…
consideringthat…考虑到…considering:
就…而论,照…来看
egSheisveryactive,consideringherage.
consider…as/tobe=regard…as=thinkof…as=lookupon…as
9.schedule
(n.)=timetable程序表,时间表,节目表(v.)做……的目录,安排
aTVschedule电视节目表atrainschedule火车时刻表
aheadofschedule提前behindschedule晚点onschedule准时
haveafullschedule:
有很多情要做
bescheduledtodosth.按时间日程计划做……
eg:
Thepresidentisscheduledtomakeaspeechthisevening.
10.relieve=giveorbringrelieftosb.re+lieve
relievesb.ofsth.帮助某人拿(提/做等);使某人免于……
eg.Themedicinethedoctorgavehimrelievedhisheadache.
Wemustrelievethestudentsoftheirburdenfromstudy.
reliefn.(much)toone’srelief
eg.Whenthedangerwasover,sheutteredasignofrelief.(松了一口气)
Tomygreatrelief=Muchtomyrelief,Iwasn’tlate.
relieved(感到或者显得)宽慰的,放心的arelievedsmile/look/expression
11.envy羡慕别人拥有的东西同时也希望自己也拥有
envysth.eg.Shehasalwaysenviedmysuccess.
envysbsth.egIenvyhimthatjob.
envydoingeg.Ienvyyouhavingsuchagoodopportunity.
n.envyofsbenvyat/ofsth
Eg:
Hecouldn’tconcealhisenvyofme.
Hercolleaguesweregreenwithenvy.
betheenvyofsb成为羡慕或忌妒的对象
enviousadj.羡慕的,忌妒的
beenviousofsb/sth
Eg:
Theywereenviousofhissuccess.
enviableadj令人羡慕的
jealous(adj.)----jealousy(n.)妒忌,贬义词
bejealousofsb.嫉妒某人
showjealousyto/towardssb.
eg.HewasjealousofTom/Tom’ssuccess.
Sheshowsstrongjealousytoothergirls’beauty.
12.convince
convincev.tomakecompletelycertainaboutsth;persuade
convincesb.ofsth.使某人确信某事,后面必须接人做宾语,不能做不及物动词。
Eg.HowcanIconvinceyouofherhonesty?
convincesb.that…
eg.WhatshesaidconvincedmethatIwasmistaken.
辨析:
convincesb.说服某人
believesb.相信某人说的话
Hecouldn’tconvincehisfatherthatJohnwastellingthetruth.
convincingadj.令人信服的
convincedadj.被说服的
13.failuren.v.fail
fail-failure;close-closure;expose-exposure
failv.
failtodoeg:
Ifailedtocatchthelastbus,soIhadtowalkhome.
failsb.in…使某人在某方面不及格
failinsth/doingstheg:
failinchemistry
withoutfail务必Eg.Youmustpassthetestwithoutfail.
14.involvevt.causetobecomeconnectedorconcerned使卷入→involvement(n.)
makesthnecessaryasaconditionorresult使成为必要条件或结果
involvesb/sthin(doing)sth使某人某物卷入或陷于
eg.Don’tinvolveotherpeopleinyourmadschemes.
Buildingtheroadwillinvolvetheconstructionoftenbridges.
Don’tinvolvemeinsolvingyourproblem.
Thejobinvolvedme/mylivinginLondon.
Takingthejobwouldinvolvelivingabroad.
be/getinvolvedin被……卷入,牵涉;使专心于
be/getinvolvedwith与……混在一起;与……密切联系
eg.Don’tinvolvemeinyourquarrel.
Allthechildrenwereinvolvedintheschoolplay.
Donotinvolveyourselfwiththosepeople.
involvedadj.复杂的,不容易懂的作前置定语和后置定语意义不同
eg.thepeopleinvolved所涉及的人theinvolvedexperience复杂的经历
15.attempt(n.):
efforttodosth.(v.)trytodosth.尝试,试图
makeanattempttodosth.=attempttodosth.试图做某事
eg.Atruefriendwillmakeeveryattempttohelpyou.
Don’tattempttheimpossible.
Heattemptedtowinherlovebysendingherexpensivegifts.
Theenemy’sattemptatasurpriseattackfailed.
16.denialn.否定,否认;拒绝相信;脱离关系;拒绝给予,剥夺(应有的权利)
e.g.Heansweredherrequestwithaquickdenial.
ThespokesmanmadeadenialoftherumorthattheUnitedStateswouldattackIraq.
thedenialofbasichumanrights剥夺基本人权
giveadenialto否决,拒绝
meetwithaflatdenial断然否认
take/havenodenial不允许别人说个不字
denyv.否认;否定+ing;+that…拒绝承认;拒绝接受
todenyaclaim/acharge/anaccusation
eg.Hedeniesattemptingtomurderhiswife.
Shedenied(that)therehadbeenanycover-up.
Thedepartmentdeniesresponsibilityforwhatoccurred.
Thereisnodenying(thefact)thatquickeractioncouldhavesavedthem.
(无可否认…..)
mit:
todosomethingwrongorillegal
commitacrime/amistake/suicide/error
Eg:
Don’tcommityourpromisestopapersifyou’renotcertainyoucankeepthem.如果你没有把握遵守诺言,就不应该写在文件上。
commitsthtomemory把某事记住
n.commitment承诺,约定,义务
Eg.Comeandlookroundourshopwithoutacommitmenttobuyanything.
adj.committed效忠的,忠于……的
committed=devoted尽忠的,坚定的eg.acommitteddoctor/teacher
commitoneselftosth./doingsth.献身于
Eg:
Hehascommittedhimselftosupportinghischildren.
Signingthisformcommitsyoutobuyingthegoods.
18.reluctantly(adv.)=unwilling
bereluctanttodosth.=beunwillingtodosth.
eg.Shewasveryreluctanttoadmitthetruth.
reluctancen.withreluctance=reluctantly
19.辨析reveal,expose,discover和disclose
reveal基本义为“揭开”遮盖某物的帷幕以显露出该事物的真相,也可以表示“透露(消息)、泄露(秘密)、暴露(真相)”等,尤指“披露”迄今隐秘而不为人知的事情。
eg.Ihatethepeoplewhorevealtheenddoafilmthatyouhaven’tseenbefore.
expose语气较强,主要指“揭露、揭发”罪行或阴谋等丑恶的东西,也可指把人或物“暴露”于不利的环境。
eg.exposeone’sskintothesun.exposecrime/scandal/fraud
discover发现本来存在但不为人知的事物。
eg.ColumbusdiscoveredtheNewLand.
disclose公开揭露尚未被公众所知的秘密事物;也可指将原先隐藏的东西“揭示”出来使人看见。
eg.Herefusedtodisclosehisnameandage.
注:
“显露”意义时,disclose和reveal可以互换。
20.applyto应用applyfor申请
application申请,请求(for)applicationformforanewpassport
应用(to)applicationsoftware应用软件
makeapracticalapplicationoftheprinciples
涂敷,敷用amedicineforexternal/internalapplication
(外敷内用)
专心,努力Myworkdemandscloseapplications.
Unit2Vocabulary
1.challengen./v.(aninvitation)tocompeteinafightormatch;thequalityofdemandingcompetitiveaction,interest,orthought挑战
Eg:
Wereceivedachallengefromthecollegetoplayagainstthematfootball.
challengesb.todosth
challengesb’sauthority/righttodosth怀疑某人是否有权力/权利做某事
Eg:
Ichallengedhimtoagameoftennis.我邀他比赛网球,一较高下。
challengingadj.提出难题的,激励的,挑战的
Eg:
achallengingjob/test/assignment
2.participatev.参加
participateinsth=takepartinstheg:
participateinacompetition/discussion/meeting
participant参加者participation参加
3.major较多的,主要的adj./n./v.major(v.)+in主修
antonym:
minor=smaller;lessimportantbeminorto比……地位低
beminor/major/superior/inferior/prior/senior
eg.Sheisminortoherbestfriendinthecompany.
4.compete---competition---competitive-----competitor
v.竞争――n.竞赛―――adj.竞争的――n.对手,竞争者
competeagainst/withsbinsthforsth/todosth
eg:
Severalcompaniesarecompetingagainst/