初高中基础高频词分场景整理归纳.docx

初高中基础高频词分场景整理归纳.docx

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初高中基础高频词分场景整理归纳

单词讲解

一、家庭

1.house、home（房子、住处）：

apartmentbuilding

1）thefourthfloorroof

goup/downthestairs

doordoorbellkey

例句：

IheardthedoorbellrangandthenIopenedthedoor.

2）room:

房间，空间

ceilingcornerfan

floor:

sweepthefloormopthefloor

翻译：

我妈妈每天都会扫地。

wall:

paintthewall

window:

break/open/cleanthewindow

curtainlight/lamplightbulb

put/turnonthelightturnoffthelight

leavethelighton没关灯leavethedooropen

3）livingroom

television=TV

cartoonsoapoperaweatherreport

翻译：

不要让你的孩子看太多电视。

talkshow

sofasitdownin/onthesofa

写出sit的各种时态：

tabledeskchair

4）bedroom

sleep的各种时态:

stayuplate熬夜makeaquilt叠被子

起床alarmclock

5）washroom/toilet

6）bathroom/showerroom

mirrowtowelbathtub

shampoosoap

haveabathtakeashower

7）kitchen

frige=refrigeratormicrowaveoven

cooker.n.炉具cook.n.厨师&v.烹饪cookthefood

cupboardplatechopstikers

do/washthedishes=dothewashingcup/bowl

knife（复数）forkspoon

soupvegetablebiscuit/cookie

saladnoodlesdumpling

tomato（复数）potato（复数）

beefmuttonporkbacon

fruitjuicefreshmilkcoffee

8）study.n.书房

study.v.各种时态

bookcaseshelf（复数）

Therewerealotofbooksontheshelvesalongthewalls.

翻译：

bookmarkdeskmap

novelstorytextbook

biographymagazinedictionary

newspaperletterenvelope

stampcollectstamps

翻译：

我的爱好是集邮。

readbooks=dosomereading

computercomputergames

surftheInternet=playthecomputer

keyboardmouseclick

翻译：

我喜欢上网。

2.familymembers

妈妈爸爸父母

祖父母cousin堂表兄弟姊妹

son儿子daughtersisterbrother

babykid/child（复数children）pet宠物

takecareof=lookafter

中英互译：

a）couldyoupleasehelpmetakecareofthesechildren?

b）我的姐姐比我高但是（but）我比姐姐更漂亮。

c）我的小妹妹（babysister）很喜欢和宠物猫一起玩。

二、学校（school）

Kindergarten/nurseryschool/playschool幼儿园

primaryschoolmiddle/highschool

juniormiddle/highschool

seniormiddle/highschool

universitycollegegradeclass

graduate.v.graduatefrom

翻译：

我毕业于湖南师范大学。

1.people（人）

teacherheadmasterstudent

classmateclassmonitordeskmate

roommatelibrarian

2.places（地点）

schoolgate学校大门campus校园classroom

teachers’officeblackboardschoolbag

dormitory宿舍dininghall餐厅gymstadium

playgroundlibrarycanteen

turn.v.turnleftturnright

翻译：

Nowit’syourturntocleanthehouse.

northsoutheastwest

southeastnorthwestwestern

3.courses/classes/lesson（课程）

englishmath=mathematicsChinese

geographypolitics政治history

physicschemistrybiology

artP.E./sports/gymnasticsscience

4.activities（活动）

doone’shomeworkexercise

readbookshaveatest=takeaexam

pass/failtheexam/testprepareforthetest

review.v&n.复习borrowbooksreturnbooks

lend和borrow的关系：

lend借出borrow借来

翻译：

lendmeyourbook=lendyourbooktome

borrowmoneyfromyou

speech/lecture.n.演讲makeaspeech

windup/closeone’sspeechgivealecture

followone’slectureapplause.v&n.鼓掌

audience.n.wintheapplauseoftheaudience

clap.v&n.拍手clapone’shands

翻译：

Ifyou’rehappy,clapyourhands.

如果我的演讲还不错，就请为我鼓掌。

sportmeetingjumprun

swimholdasportmeeting（holding/held/held）

partybirthdaypartyinvitation

invitesbtodosthinvitesbto/fortheparty

三、生活（life）

1.餐馆场景（restaurant）

gooutfordinner/dinneroutbuffet.n.自助餐

goDutch=gofiftyfiftydininghall/canteen/restaurant

snackbarsandwichcheese

steakhamburgerdessertcokecola

Frenchfriessaltsweetsour

spicytastedelicious/good

menuorderserve

tippaythebillThisismytreat!

change

keepthechange!

2.邮局（postoffice）

stampletter/mailenvelopepackage/parcel

send/post/deliveraletter/mail

expressmailairmailsurfacemail

3.图书馆（library）

librarycardIDcardlend（过去式）

borrowrenewmagazine

novel/fictiondetectiveromantic

dictionaryreferencebookliterary

fairytalebookshelf（复数）

4.时间Time

1）星期：

weekweekdayweekends

默写周一到周日：

2）月份：

monthmoonmoonlight

Jan.=JanuaryFeb.=FebuaryMar.=March

Apr.=AprilMayJuneJuly

Aug.=AugustSep.=SeptemberOct.=October

Nov.=NovemberDec.=December

3）季节：

seasonsea

A.springflowersoftwind

newlifeSpringfestivalmelt

B.summerhoticecreamskirt

sunlightfiresweatsunglasses

umbrellaraincoatmosquito

C.fall/autumnfall

yellowgoldenleaf（复数）

Mid-AutumnFestivalmooncake

ricefruitbluesadness

D.wintercoldsnowcoat

freeze（过去式/过去分词）

翻译：

春天是绿色的，夏天是红色的，秋天是蓝色的，冬天是白色的。

4）节日（festival）（只要求认识）

NewYear’sdaytheSpringFestival

STValentin’sdayChristmasDay

5）atnineo’clock=atnine九点

atninefourty-five=atthreequarterpastnine

=ataquartertoten九点四十五

5.假日vocation/holiday

beachsurfwavesunbath

desertscoastalareas沿海地区river

publictransport公共交通waterfallscastle城堡

booktheroom（makeareservation）订房间hotsprings温泉

supermarketshoptendollars/yuan

skirtdresspantsstock

T-shirtsnackjuicemilk

翻译：

这条裤子花了我20美元。

lakegofishinggocampingpicnic

climpthemountainsgohiking

bicylemotorcyclebusplane

trainhigh-speedtrainsubwaytaxi

tourtourismplaceofinterestzoo

gardenmuseummovietheater

gotothemovies=seemovies/films

atickettohotel

6.Hospital医院clinic

haveacold/flu/fever/headache/toothache/stomache/cough/

fever/sorethroat/backache

inhospitalinthehospitalseeadoctor

healthcenter/clinic卫生所/门诊physiciansurgeon

dentistmedicalresultmakeanappointment

emergency急诊prescribe开药方

injection注射operationtakemedicine

taketwoofthesepillsthreetimesaday一日三次，一次两片temperatureheartlungblood-pressure

aspirin阿司匹林regulardoctor私人医生

emergencedepartment急诊室doctornurse

ICU（=intensivecareunit）特护病房treatment治疗手段

takeone’stemperature/bloodpressure测量体温/血压

medicine/pills/tablets药丸/药片heartattack

What’sup?

（多用于男生之间）Howisitgoing?

Howareyou?

回答：

I’mfine./Ifeelgood/terrific./Icouldn’tbebetter./Nothingisverywrongwithme.好。

Iamnotfeelinggood./Ifeelterrible/horrible/awful./Iamnotmyselfthesedays.不好。

（注意听语气：

身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快;身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。

）

7.Telephone（电话场景）

payphone公用电话answeringmachine自动答录机

box/booth电话亭dial/press（拨/按电话号码）

take/leaveamessage留言hangup挂断

long-distancecall长途电话overseascall

mobile/cellphonegivesbacall/ring

Extensionsixtwotwosix,please.请转6226。

Thelineisbad/busy/engaged.Itkeptabusyline.电话占线。

longdistancecall长途电话collectcall对方付费的电话

putthrough接通电话holdon/upHoldtheline,please.稍等

Hello!

Thisis…speaking.Who’sspeaking?

/whoisthis?

call/telephone/ring/phonesb=givesb.acall/ring

I’llcallbacklater/again.I’llringhim/herupagain.

Icouldn’tgetthrough.

Sorry,I’mafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.

（8）shopping购物场景：

store杂货店departmentstore百货商场price

shoppingcentersizecolorstyle

Whatcolor/size/kinddoyouwant?

Expensivecheaphighlowbargain

popular/fashionableinfashionoutoffashion

brandcounter柜台payincashpayincheck

creditcardshopassistant

Howmuchdoesitcost?

8.Transportation交通运输场景

fare车票license驾照rushhours高峰时间

trafficjam交通堵塞onewaystreet单行道overspeed超速ticket罚单expressway高速公路tunnel/channel隧道

plane/train/bus/bike/walk/taxi

subway（美）/underground（英）Usedcar旧车

afford买的起Givesbaride搭车Taxi/cab

breakdown抛锚caraccident事故fix/repair修理

garage修车场,车库damage损害survive活下来

17、Job职业常用词：

Jobworkprofessional

Studentteacherworkerengineer

Doctornurseprofessoractor

Actresswaiterwaitressplayer

film-makerdirectortailorcleaner

writersingerdancerhost

hostressscientistbossassistant

conductor（公共汽车）售票员salesmansaleswoman

sailordentistlawyeremployee

employeraccountantlibrariandriver

managerpoliceofficerfireman