初高中基础高频词分场景整理归纳.docx

1、初高中基础高频词分场景整理归纳单词讲解一、 家庭1. house、home（房子、住处）：apartment building1) the fourth floor roofgo up/down the stairs door doorbell key例句：I heard the doorbell rang and then I opened the door.2) room:房间，空间ceiling corner fanfloor : sweep the floor mop the floor 翻译：我妈妈每天都会扫地。 wall : paint the wallwindow: break/

2、open/clean the window curtain light/lamp light bulbput/turn on the light turn off the lightleave the light on 没关灯 leave the door open3) living roomtelevision=TV cartoon soap opera weather report翻译：不要让你的孩子看太多电视。talk show sofa sit down in/on the sofa写出sit 的各种时态：table desk chair4) bedroomsleep的各种时态:sta

3、y up late熬夜 make a quilt 叠被子 起床 alarm clock5) washroom/toilet6) bathroom/ shower roommirrow towel bathtubshampoo soaphave a bath take a shower7) kitchenfrige=refrigerator microwave ovencooker.n.炉具 cook.n.厨师&v.烹饪 cook the foodcupboard plate chopstikersdo/wash the dishes = do the washing cup/bowlknife

4、(复数 ) fork spoonsoup vegetable biscuit/cookiesalad noodles dumplingtomato(复数 ) potato(复数 )beef mutton pork baconfruit juice fresh milk coffee8) study. n. 书房study. v. 各种时态bookcase shelf(复数 )There were a lot of books on the shelves along the walls.翻译：bookmark desk mapnovel story textbookbiography maga

5、zine dictionarynewspaper letter envelopestamp collect stamps翻译：我的爱好是集邮。 read books =do some reading computer computer games surf the Internet=play the computer keyboard mouse click 翻译：我喜欢上网。2. family members 妈妈 爸爸 父母 祖父母 cousin 堂表兄弟姊妹 son 儿子 daughter sister brotherbaby kid/child(复数children) pet 宠物ta

6、ke care of = look after中英互译：a) could you please help me take care of these children?b) 我的姐姐比我高但是（but）我比姐姐更漂亮。c) 我的小妹妹(babysister)很喜欢和宠物猫一起玩。二、 学校(school)Kindergarten/ nursery school/ play school 幼儿园primary school middle/high schooljunior middle/high schoolsenior middle/high schooluniversity college

7、grade classgraduate.v. graduate from翻译：我毕业于湖南师范大学。1. people(人)teacher headmaster studentclassmate class monitor deskmateroommate librarian2. places(地点)school gate 学校大门 campus校园 classroomteachers office blackboard schoolbagdormitory 宿舍 dining hall 餐厅 gym stadiumplayground library canteenturn .v. turn

8、 left turn right翻译：Now its your turn to clean the house.north south east westsoutheast northwest western3. courses/classes/lesson(课程)english math=mathematics Chinesegeography politics政治 historyphysics chemistry biologyart P.E./sports/gymnastics science4. activities（活动）do ones homework exerciseread b

9、ooks have a test=take a exam pass/ fail the exam/test prepare for the testreview.v&n.复习 borrow books return bookslend和borrow的关系：lend借出 borrow借来翻译：lend me your book =lend your book to me borrow money from you speech / lecture .n.演讲 make a speech wind up /close ones speech give a lecturefollow ones le

10、cture applause .v&n.鼓掌audience .n. win the applause of the audienceclap.v&n.拍手 clap ones hands翻译：If youre happy, clap your hands.如果我的演讲还不错，就请为我鼓掌。sport meeting jump runswim hold a sport meeting (holding/held/held)party birthday party invitation invite sb to do sth invite sb to/for the party三、 生活（lif

11、e）1. 餐馆场景（restaurant）go out for dinner / dinner out buffet .n.自助餐go Dutch = go fifty fifty dining hall / canteen /restaurantsnack bar sandwich cheesesteak hamburger dessert coke colaFrench fries salt sweet sourspicy taste delicious/goodmenu order serve tip pay the bill This is my treat!changekeep th

12、e change!2. 邮局（post office）stamp letter/mail envelope package/parcelsend/post/deliver a letter/mailexpress mail air mail surface mail3. 图书馆（library）library card ID card lend(过去式 )borrow renew magazinenovel/fiction detective romanticdictionary reference book literaryfairy tale bookshelf(复数 )4. 时间Time

13、1) 星期：week weekday weekends默写周一到周日：2) 月份：month moon moon lightJan.=January Feb.=Febuary Mar.=March Apr.=April May June JulyAug.=August Sep.=September Oct.=OctoberNov.=November Dec.=December3) 季节：season seaA. spring flower soft wind new life Spring festival meltB. summer hot ice cream skirtsunlight f

14、ire sweat sunglassesumbrella rain coat mosquitoC. fall/autumn fallyellow golden leaf(复数 )Mid-Autumn Festival mooncakerice fruit blue sadnessD. winter cold snow coatfreeze(过去式 /过去分词 )翻译：春天是绿色的，夏天是红色的，秋天是蓝色的，冬天是白色的。4) 节日（festival）(只要求认识)New Years day the Spring Festival ST Valentins day Christmas Day5

15、) at nine o clock = at nine 九点at nine fourty-five = at three quarter past nine = at a quarter to ten 九点四十五5. 假日vocation/ holiday beach surf wave sun bathdeserts coastal areas沿海地区 river public transport公共交通 waterfalls castle城堡 book the room(make a reservation)订房间hot springs温泉supermarket shop ten doll

16、ars/yuanskirt dress pants stockT-shirt snack juice milk翻译：这条裤子花了我20美元。lake go fishing go camping picnicclimp the mountains go hikingbicyle motorcycle bus planetrain high-speed train subway taxitour tourism place of interest zoogarden museum movie theater go to the movies = see movies/filmsa ticket t

17、o hotel6. Hospital医院 clinic have a cold/flu/fever/headache/toothache/stomache/cough/fever/sore throat/backache in hospital in the hospital see a doctor health center /clinic 卫生所/门诊 physician surgeon dentist medical result make an appointment emergency 急诊 prescribe 开药方 injection 注射 operation take med

18、icinetake two of these pills three times a day一日三次，一次两片temperature heart lung blood-pressure aspirin 阿司匹林 regular doctor 私人医生 emergence department 急诊室 doctor nurseICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房 treatment 治疗手段 take ones temperature / blood pressure 测量体温/血压 medicine/ pills / tablets药丸/药片 heart attack

19、 Whats up? (多用于男生之间)How is it going? How are you? 回答：Im fine. / I feel good/terrific. / I couldnt be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。 I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。 (注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快; 身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。)7. Telephone（电话场景）

20、pay phone 公用电话 answering machine自动答录机 box/booth 电话亭 dial/ press（拨/按电话号码） take / leave a message 留言 hang up 挂断long-distance call 长途电话 overseas call mobile / cell phone give sb a call / ring Extension six two two six, please. 请转6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 电话占线。long dista

21、nce call 长途电话 collect call 对方付费的电话 put through 接通电话 hold on / up Hold the line, please.稍等Hello! This is speaking. Whos speaking? / who is this? call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb = give sb. a call/ ring Ill call back later / again. Ill ring him / her up again. I couldnt get through. Sorry, Im afraid yo

22、u have the wrong number.(8)shopping购物场景：store 杂货店 department store 百货商场 priceshopping center size color styleWhat color/size/kind do you want? Expensive cheap high low bargain popular / fashionable in fashion out of fashion brand counter 柜台 pay in cash pay in check credit card shop assistant How muc

23、h does it cost?8. Transportation交通运输场景 fare 车票 license 驾照 rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞 one way street 单行道 over speed 超速ticket 罚单 express way 高速公路 tunnel / channel 隧道plane / train / bus / bike / walk / taxi subway（美） / underground （英） Used car 旧车 afford买的起 Give sb a ride搭车 Taxi/cab break down抛锚 ca

24、r accident事故 fix/repair修理 garage 修车场,车库 damage损害 survive 活下来17、Job职业常用词：Job work professionalStudent teacher worker engineerDoctor nurse professor actor Actress waiter waitress playerfilm-maker director tailor cleanerwriter singer dancer host hostress scientist boss assistantconductor(公共汽车)售票员 salesman saleswomansailor dentist lawyer employeeemployer accountant librarian drivermanager police officer fireman