全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案详解.docx

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案详解.docx

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全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案详解

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案详解

2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语

（二）

SectionI UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）　　

Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics,writers,andactivistsonceagain 1 thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby 2 .Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.

Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive 3 holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort,one  4  bypurposelessness:

Withoutjobstogivetheirlives  5 ,peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed. 6,today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor  7 Americans.Also,someresearchsuggeststhatthe8forrisingratesofmortality,mental-healthproblems,andaddicting 9  

poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany  10 theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.

Butitdoesn’t  11 followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease.Suchvisionsarebasedonthe  12 ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Inthe  13 ofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould  14 strikinglydifferentcircumstancedforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today,the  15 ofworkmaybeabitoverblown.“Manyjobsareboring,degrading,unhealthy,andawasteofhumanpotential,”saysJohnDanaher,alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.

Thesedays,becauseleisuretimeisrelatively  16 formostworkers,peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional  17 oftheirjobs.“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork,Ioftenfeel  18 ,”Danahersays,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork,Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself  19 ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor  20 matters.

1．[A]boasting       [B]denying       [C]warning       [D]ensuring

2．[A]inequality     [B]instability    [C]unreliability    [D]uncertainty

3．[A]policy       [B]guideline     [C]resolution      [D]prediction

4．[A]characterized   [B]divided        [C]balanced      [D]measured

5．[A]wisdom       [B]meaning      [C]glory        [D]freedom

6．[A]Instead          [B]Indeed        [C]Thus           [D]Nevertheless

7．[A]rich             [B]urban        [C]working       [D]educated

8．[A]explanation        [B]requirement       [C]compensation    [D]substitute

9．[A]under          [B]beyond          [C]alongside      [D]among

10．[A]leavebehind       [B]makeup        [C]worryabout      [D]setaside

11．[A]statistically        [B]occasionally      [C]necessarily     [D]economically

12．[A]chances        [B]downsides         [C]benefits     [D]principles

13．[A]absence         [B]height          [C]face        [D]course

14．[A]disturb          [B]restore           [C]exclude       [D]yield

15．[A]model           [B]practice         [C]virtue      [D]hardship

16．[A]tricky         [B]lengthy         [C]mysterious      [D]scarce

17．[A]demands       [B]standards         [C]qualities       [D]threats

18．[A]ignored        [B]tired           [C]confused     [D]starved

19．[A]off            [B]against           [C]behind      [D]into

20．[A]technological     [B]professional       [C]educational     [D]interpersonal

SectionII ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,Cor

D.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.

ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.

Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:

Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:

Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.

Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally”grassroots”,conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.

AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas  .

[A]gainedgreatpopularity

[B]createdmanyjobs

[C]strengthenedcommunityties

[D]becomeanofficialfestival

21.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto.

[A]boostpopulationgrowth[C]improvethecity’simage

[B]promotesportparticipation[D]increasesporthoursinschools

23.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit    .

[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents

[B]focusesonmasscompetition

[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers

Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould.

[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents

[B]superviselocalsportsassociations

[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs

[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities

25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis   .

[A]tolerant[B]critical[C]uncertain[D]sympathetic　

Text2

Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.“

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe”stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.

Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren:

“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildth