托福用逻辑答题.docx
《托福用逻辑答题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《托福用逻辑答题.docx(25页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
托福用逻辑答题
在本文中,将主要针对新托福口语part3,通过一些常见真题来探讨一下最能体现逻辑感的四大状语从句(即时间,原因,条件,让步)在考试当中的运用,从而帮助考生们有效展现清晰和连贯的语言能力。
一.四大条件状语从句
1时间状语从句【adverbialclauseoftime】:
Ø常用引导词:
When,while,as,after,before,assoonas,since,till
2原因状语从句【adverbialclauseofcause】:
Ø常用引导词:
because,since,as,for
Ø特殊引导词:
seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,reasoningthat
3条件状语从句【adverbialclauseofcondition】
Ø常用引导词:
if,unless,
Ø特殊引导词:
as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposingthat,incasethat,onconditionthat
4让步状语从句【adverbialclauseofconcession】
Ø常用引导词:
though,although,evenif,eventhough
Ø特殊引导词:
as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while(一般用在句首),nomatter…,inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever
二.Task3真题示范讲解
12009.09.26中国大陆考题
Ø题目简介:
Readingpart
Listeningpart
增加fineartcourse
理由:
lworkrequiresvariousability,
lgoodforwork.
lhelpstudentsrelax.
学校要求必修3个艺术课,音乐舞蹈表演雕塑,男的不同意
理由:
l学生失去了更多自由选课机会
不能选更多和他学banking,要上finance的课
l不是每个人都对艺术有天分喜欢上这些课,他根本不enjoy雕塑,浪费,stressful
Ø回答演示1:
Fromthereadingmaterial,weknowthatthecollegeisgoingtoaddmusic,danceandsculptureascompulsorycourses.Themanintheconversationthinksthatthisisabadidea.First,hemajorsinbankingandhastotakefinanceclass,hehastotakethefineartcourses,andhewouldlosesomeopportunitiestochoosethecoursesthatheneeds.Also,hepointsoutthathedoesn’tenjoysculptureatall,itwouldhelpstudentsrelax,noteveryonehasthetalentaboutarts.Hehastotakethesecourses,itwillbeawasteoftimeandmakehimstressful.
Ø答案解析:
新托福口语part3中,通常需要考生将主要人物的态度以及两个理由清楚地表达出来,我们可以看到在这个范例中,虽然考生将readingpart和listeningpart中重要信息都涵盖在答案里,而且没有出现任何明显的语法错误,但是因为缺少必要的逻辑连接词,整个表达给我们一种非常凌乱的感觉,毫无任何连贯和清晰可言。
这也是很多考生之所以虽然将笔记记得非常详细,却依然拿不到理想分数的主要原因。
Ø回答演示2:
Fromthereadingmaterial,weknowthatthecollegeisgoingtoaddmusic,danceandsculptureascompulsorycourses.However,themanintheconversationthinksthatthisisabadidea,duetothefollowingreasons.First,consideringthathemajorsinbankingandhastotakefinanceclass,hewouldlosesomeopportunitiestochoosethecoursesthatheneeds,ifhehadtotakethefineartcourses.Also,hepointsoutthathedoesn’tenjoysculptureatalleventhoughitwouldhelpstudentsrelax,fornoteveryonehasthetalentaboutarts.Ifhehadtotakethesecourses,itwouldbeawasteoftimeandmakehimstressful.
Ø答案解析:
在这个回答范例中,我们在原来答案的基础上加入了若干表示原因,让步,条件逻辑关系的连接词,构成了状语从句,可以很明显感到改动后的答案体现了强烈的逻辑感,前后句的关系更加紧密,语意立刻变得清晰,连贯。
接下来我们来看两道真题演示:
22009.10.18中国大陆地区考题
Ø题目简介:
Readingpart
Listeningpart
哲学系新举措:
中午在dininghall举行tabletalk,并让让教授加入午餐,为了
leducationbenefit
lnetworkandfriendship。
学生们都赞成
女孩很同意因为:
l教授平时很忙,officehour很少,这个program提供机会向教授提问和探讨课程的问题
l她现在还不是很熟悉这些同学,可以利用tabletime来交流
Ø回答演示:
Theschoolhasimplementedanewproposalthattheyaregoingtosetupatabletalkatlunchtimeinthedininghall,whentheprofessorwillbeinvitedtojointhelunch.Andthewomanholdsapositiveviewtowardstheannouncementforthefollowingreasons.First,iftheprofessorcouldsitwiththem,theprogramwouldprovidesachanceforthestudentstoaskquestionsinordertounderstandthecourses,becausetheprofessorisnormallyverybusyandalthoughtheycouldusetheofficehour,itisnotenoughforallthestudentstotalktotheprofessor.Anotherreasonisthatsinceshehasn’tknownotherstudentsverywellyet,thetabletalkcouldhelptoenhancetherelationshipamongstudents,foritwouldofferachanceforstudentstocommunicateandsharesimilarideasandhobbies.
3新托福官方试题TPO3
Readingpart
Listeningpart
学校将停止提供热早餐
理由:
l冷的食物更健康
l限制早餐食物种类更省钱
女孩不同意因为:
l热的食物寒冷的天气对身体更好
l去校园外买满意的食物更贵
Ø回答演示:
Theschoolhasimplementedanewpolicythatthestudentswillbeofferedcoldbreakfastfoodsinsteadofhotones.Andthewomanistotallyagainsttheannouncement.Thefirstreasonshegivesisthatalthoughcoldfoodsareusuallyhealthy,hotfoodslikehotcerealaresometimesevenbetterforhealth,incasethatit’soncoldmorning.Andthesecondoneisbasedonthefactthatthenewpolicywillmakestudentsspendmoremoneyinsteadofsavingmoney.Thisisbecausewhenthestudentscan’tbuyfoodstheywantoncampus,they’regoingtogetthemoffcampus,whichmeanstheywillhavetopaymoremoneytogettheexpensivefoods.
通过以上的陈述以及范例讲解,希望考生们可以充分体会并理解,在口语表达的清晰与连贯性上,四大状语从句所起的至关重要的作用,并在考试中有效运用,以助考生们获得理想成绩。
第一题分类题解要点及参考答案
I.人物题:
(家人、朋友、老师、领导、名人等等)
你认为领袖必需的素质是什么
(1)信任下级:
鼓励讲真话/showconfidenceinteam-members
(2)赏罚分明:
制度面前人人平等/beequaltoeveryonewithoutshowingfavortoanyparticularone
(3)努力学习、勤奋工作:
给大家做榜样/workhardtoinspirepeople
(4)鼓励下级:
encouragingtoteam-members
Etc
Sampleanswer:
(为了方便阅读,将每个小点分别列出)
Well,firstofall,Ithink,agoodleadershouldbeencouragingenough.
Forexample,Ihadaboss,Jason,whousedtosay,”Youareacapableyoungman,Iknowyoucandoitwell”wheneverIwasnotconfidentenoughwithmyjob.WithhisencouragementIwassosuccessfulinmyjobandbecameateamleaderin6months.
Also,Ibelieveagoodleadershouldsetgoodexamplesforallteam-members.IremembermybossJasonusedtoworkharderthananyofuswhowereworkingwithhiminateam,eventhoughhewastheboss.Weweresomovedbywhathedid,andeverybodyfollowedhissuit.Sowewerethemostefficientteam.
That’swhyIstillrememberJasonasmybestbosstilltoday.
你最敬重的一个人是谁?
思路:
老师、父亲、母亲、领导、消防员、科学家、运动员、志愿者等等
eg.父亲
(1)生活俭朴:
liveasimplelife
(2)敬业精神:
workhardanddiligent
(3)乐于助人:
behelpfultoothers
Pleaserefertothesampleanswerinyourlecturehandout(请参考讲义中的范例)
描叙你的好朋友要有什么样的characteristics?
(1)热心:
alwayshelpmewhenneeded
(2)有趣:
在一起不觉得闷telljokes
(3)知识丰富:
tellthingsthatIdon’tknow
Sampleanswer:
Inmypointofview,Iliketostaywithanhonestfriend.Iseehonestyasthemostimportantpartofafriendbecausenoonelikestohangaroundwithaliar.
Also,IlikemyfriendstobehelpfuljustlikemyfriendTony.Youknow,Iambitweakwithmymath.Tonyoftenspendshissparetimeexplainingtomethosedifficultmathproblems.AsaresultIamdoingprettywellinmymathexams.
What’smore,Iliketostaywithinterestingfriends.Tonyisalotoffun.Heknowssomanyjokesthatyoucanlaughyourheadoffwhenyoucrackjokeswithhim.
Inyouropinion,whatisthemostimportantqualityofagoodteammember?
(1)团结:
COLLABORATIVE---Workingtogetherprecedeswinningtogether
(2)适应性:
ADAPTABLE---Ifyouwon'tchangefortheteam,theteammaychangeyou
(3)有热情:
ENTHUSIASTIC---Yourheartisthesourceofenergy
Etc
sampleanswer:
Inmypointofview,oneoftheimportantqualitiesateam-playershouldhaveistobeco-operative.Yousee,workinginateammeanswecannotbeanego-maniacwhodoesnotcareaboutothersanddowhateverhelikestodo.Instead,weshouldworksidebysidehelpingeachothertofinishthejobwell.
Also,anotherpointIvalueisenthusiasm.Youseenothinggreatcanbeachievedwithoutenthusiasm.Ihaveacolleague,Mike,whonotonlyworkshardbutalsoinspiresotherteam-memberswheneverwefeellow.Soitisalwaysaniceexperienceworkingwithhim.Andwholeteamseeshimasourtreasure.
Describethefamouspersonyouadmiremost.
可以借鉴06.10.22
Describethepersonwhohavehadpositiveimpactonyou
思路:
重考题,参考06.10.22
你遇到困难时找谁求建议
思路:
重考题,
参考06.10.21/06.10.22/07.01.26
whenchoosingafriendwhichofthefollowingqualitiesyouvaluemost:
honesty,loyalty,orsenseofhumor?
思路:
朋友的品质
参考07.01.26
WhatdoyouthinkisONEofthemostimportantcharacteristicsthatateachershouldhave?
思路:
老师的品质,
参考朋友的品质07.01.26
I.校园学习生活(课程、放假、打工、工作等等)
2006年10月08日
你喜欢学校教育还是通过电脑进行网络教育?
E.g.Onlineeducationoverschooleducation
(1)随时性:
不局限于某个时间canbegivenatanytime
(2)随地性:
不局限于某个地点canbegivenatanyplace
(3)共享性:
任何人只要注册均可享受availabletoanyonewhohasregistered
E.g.SchoolEducationoveronlineeducation
(1)可以有课堂讨论:
discussioninclass
(2)可以随时问老师问题:
askateacherquestion
(3)有互动:
ateachermayadjusteasily
Sampleanswer:
Ilikeonlineeducationbetterthantheotherchoiceforthefollowingreasons.
Well,firstofall,onlineeducationmeanswecanhaveaccesstoitwheneverwewanteitherathomeorinthelibraryoranyotherplacewherewecangoonline.Thismeanswenolongerhavetositintheclassroomwithlotsofotherstudentsallatthesametime.
Yousee,Iamnightperson.Itendtogotobedlateandgetuplate.Soiftheclassisinthemorning,probablyIwillmissit.Butifitisonline,itmeansIdonothavetogetupearlyanddragmyselfoutofbedtotraveltomyclassroom.Icanevenwatchitinmybed.
What’smoreonlinecoursesgiveusachancetowatchformorethanonetime.Sometimeswhenwesitinaclassroom,wemaynotunderstandsomedifficultpartveryclearlybutwecannotrewindthelecturer.However,ifitisonline,wecanplayitasmanytimesaswelikeuntilwefullyunderstandthelecture.Isn’titgoodnews?
2006年10月15日
你喜欢小课堂的讨论还是大课堂的讲座。
E.g.Smallclassoverbigone
(1)每个人都可以进行练习:
plentyofexercisesforeveryoneinclass
(2)可以采用多种形式的活动:
arrangedesksinU-shapeorhalf-a-circle
(3)更多的师生交流:
morediscussionbetweenteachersandstudents
E.g.Bigclassoversmallone
(1)交流机会多:
havemorechancestocommunicate
(2)人多信息量大、许多想法:
getmoreinformation,moreideas
(3)气氛活跃:
enjoygoodatmosphereindiscussion
Sampleanswer:
Ipreferasmallclassatmospherelikeaseminarforthefollowingreasons.
WellIampostgraduatestudentmajoringinAncientGreekLiterature.Mostofthetimewediscusswhatwehavereadfromthereadinglistandexchangeourideas.Ifitisinasmallgroup,itmeanseverybody