英语人教选修8同步刷题增分练有解析22.docx

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英语人教选修8同步刷题增分练有解析22

SectionⅡ LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage

分类记单词

核心单词

1.owevt.    欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……

2.shortlyadv.立刻;不久

3.retirevi.退休;离开

4.bothervt.打扰

vi.操心

n.烦扰

5.regulationn.规则;规章;法规

6.strikevi.&vt.(struck,struck)

打;撞击;罢工

7.vainadj.虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的

8.feathern.羽毛

9.unableadj.不能的;不会的

10.hatchvt.&vi.孵出;孵卵;孵化

拓展单词

1.assumptionn.假定;设想→assumev.假定;设想

2.resistvt.抵抗;对抗;耐得住→resistancen.抵抗;对抗→resistantadj.抵抗的;对抗的

3.merelyadv.仅;只;不过→mereadj.仅仅的;纯粹的

4.decorationn.装饰→decoratevt.装饰

5.adorevt.崇拜;爱慕;喜爱→adorationn.热爱;敬慕;爱慕;崇拜→adorableadj.可爱的;讨人喜欢的

6.reasonableadj.合情理的;讲道理的;公道的→reasonn.理由;道理

阅读单词

1.constitutionn.     宪法;章程

2.compulsoryadj.必须做的;义务的;强迫的;强制的

3.operan.歌剧;歌剧团;歌剧院

4.chorusn.合唱;合唱队

5.loafn.一条(面包)

6.flourn.面粉

7.initialadj.最初的;开始的

8.drawbackn.缺点;不利条件

9.turkeyn.火鸡

10.clawn.爪;脚爪

联想背短语

 

1.(be)_bound_to_(do)_一定或注定(做)……

2.strike..._into_one's_heart_使……刻骨铭心

3.from_time_to_time_不时;偶尔

4.bring_back_to_life使复生;使复活

5.in_vain白费力气;枉费心机

6.in_good/poor_condition_状况很好(坏)情况很好(坏)

精彩写句式

1.形容词作状语

Did_she_die_youngbecauseshewasaclone?

它死得早是因为它是克隆羊吗?

2.with的复合结构

Diversityinagroupmeanshavinganimalswith_their_genes_arranged_in_different_ways.

种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。

3.that引导表语从句

The_advantage_is_thatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.

其优点是,如果发生了某种新的疾病,这类动物中的一些可能会死去,而另外一些却能存活下来,并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。

4.过去分词短语作状语

Based_on_what_we_know_now,_youcannotcloneanimalsthathavebeenextinctlongerthan10,000years.

就我们现在所知道的而言,不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。

重点单词突破

1.owevt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……;应感谢

完成句子

(1)昨天我太粗暴,应该向你道歉。

Iowe_you_an_apologyforhavingbeensorudetoyoulastnight.

(2)由于天气恶劣,他们才不得不改变离开的时间。

Itwasowing_tobadweatherthattheyhadtochangethescheduleofleaving.

(3)他把他的成功归功于他的努力。

Heowedhissuccesstohishardwork.

单句改错

Iowetoyouthatwehavemadesuchagreatbreakthrough.在owe后面加it

2.bothervt.打扰vi.操心n.烦扰

单句语法填空

(1)I'msorrytobotheryouwith/aboutsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.

(2)Hewon'tcome,whybothertoinvite/inviting(invite)him?

(3)Ididn'tputyoutoanybotherthatday.

句式升级

普通表达:

Hersondidn'tworkveryhardatschool.Itbotheredher.(用what引导主语从句)

高级表达:

What_bothered_her_wasthathersondidn'tworkveryhardatschool.

3.strikevt.&vi.打;打劫;撞击;攻击;爆发;迷住;突然想到;划火柴n.罢工

一词多义 写出下列句中strike的含义

(1)Thetownhallclockstruckmidnight.敲打;报时

(2)Itwasextremelydarkinthepassagesohestruckamatch.划火柴

(3)Thechildranintotheroadandwasstruckbyacar.撞击

(4)Itsuddenlystruckmehowwecouldimprovethissituation.突然想起

(5)Withinhalfanhour,allthedriverswereoutonstrike.罢工

(6)ThevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake.迷住

(7)Thatareawasstuckbyasnowstorm.袭击

语境串记

我被她的年轻和热情迷住了。

我突然想起她正是我所追求的女孩。

我要采取行动,正如不同寻常的谚语所说的“趁热打铁”。

(1)Iwas_struck_byheryouthandenthusiasm.

(2)It_struck_methatshewasjustthegirlIhadbeenseeking.Iwantedtotakeaction.

(3)Asastrikingsayinggoes,“Strikewhiletheironishot.”

4.resistvt.抵抗;对抗;耐得住

单句语法填空

(1)Thebankstronglyresistedcutting(cut)interestrates.

(2)Thefloorofthisroomisresistant(resist)tofire.

(3)Astheysuppose,therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisplan.

单句改错

Icouldn'tresisthavealookathernewbag.have→having

短语句式突破

1.(be)boundto(do)...一定或注定做……

完成句子

(1)三人行,必有我师焉。

Evenwhenwalkinginthecompanyoftwoothermen,Iam_bound_to_learnfromthem.

(2)这架飞机飞往纽约。

Theplaneis_bound_forNewYork.

(3)他毕生专注于核物理研究。

Hislifewas_bound_up_inthestudyofnuclearphysics.

单句改错

Theyboardedtheship,whichwasboundtoCanada.to→for

2.bringbacktolife使复生;使复活

完成句子

(1)新来的老师使我们课堂恢复了生机。

Thenewteacherbrought_our_class_back_to_life.

(2)不管他们做出什么努力,都不能挽救他的生命。

Nomatterwhatefforttheymade,theyjustcouldn'tbring_him_back_to_life.

(3)他起初安静,然后用笑话和笑声活跃起来。

Hewasquietatfirst,thencame_to_lifewithajokeandlaughter.

用bring短语填空

(1)Helefthertobring_upthreeyoungchildrenonherown.

(2)Thegoodharvestsoonbrought_downthepriceofrice.

(3)Thephotosbrought_backmanybeautifulmemories.

3.invain白费力气;枉费心机

完成句子

(1)我的力气没有白费。

Myeffortswerenotin_vain.

(2)他在门口停住,徒然地等她和自己打招呼。

Hestoppedatthedoor,waitingin_vainforheracknowledgehispresence.

(3)他想让全世界都知道,他的儿子不是白白死去的。

Hewantstheworldtoknowhissondidnotdiein_vain.

4.ingood/poorcondition状况很好/坏;情况很好/坏

完成句子

(1)奶奶每天都锻炼身体,她现在身体状况很好。

Mygrandmothertakesexerciseeveryday,andsheisin_good_conditionnow.

(2)在这种情况下,你可以早一点回家。

On_this_conditionyoumaygohomeearlier.

(3)他们同意把车借给我们,条件是周末以前归还。

Theyagreedtolendusthecaron_condition_thatwereturneditbeforetheweekend.

一句多译

他太胖了,健康状况不佳。

(1)Heisoverweightandout_of_condition.

(2)Heisoverweightandin_poor_condition.

5.形容词作状语,表原因、伴随或方式等

(教材P14)Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone?

它死得早,是因为它是克隆羊吗?

完成句子

(1)每个国家无论大小,都应该平等。

Everynation,big_or_small,_shouldbeequal.

(2)由于口渴又想休息,她走进饭店,在靠窗的桌子旁坐下。

Thirsty_and_eager_to_get_a_rest,_shewentintotherestaurantandseatedherselfatatablebythewindow.

(3)我们回家很晚,安然无恙。

Wearrivedhomeverylate,safe_and_sound.

单句改错

Surprisingandhappy,theboystooduptoanswerthequestion.Surprising→Surprised

6.with复合结构(with+宾语+宾补)作后置定语

(教材P15)Diversityinagroupmeanshavinganimalswiththeirgenesarrangedindifferentways.

种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。

单句语法填空

(1)Iliketosleepwiththewindowopen(open).

(2)Thebookwithitscovertorn(tear)offisabookdatingbackto300yearsago.

(3)Withtimegoing(go)by,theexaminationisdrawingnear.

(4)Withalotofhomeworkto_do(do),theboyhadnotimetogoouttoplay.

Ⅰ.单词拼写/单句语法填空

1.Workinghard,sheisboundto_rank(rank)firstinthecomingexam.

2.Heavyfloodsstruck(strike)theSouthlastweek,causinggreatdamagetothelocalpeople.

3.Hecouldnotresisttelling(tell)herthetruth.

4.Bothered(bother)withsomanythings,heneverfeelsannoyed.

5.Havingretired(retire)fromhispost,hehasmoretimetodowhathewantstonow.

6.Thewellknownscientistalwayssaysthatheowes(owe)allhissuccesstothesupportofhisfamily.

7.Thehousereallyisinpoorcondition—itwouldcostfartoomuchtorepair.

8.Withpricesgoing(go)upsofast,wecan'taffordthehouse.

9.Theytriedineverywaytheyknewtobringthebirdbacktolife,butinvain.

10.Theytriedtochangetheoldman'smind,butinvain.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

[2019·全国卷Ⅲ]

Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.

Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.

Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwellknownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.

Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企业)wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?

 

A.Academic.B.Unattractive.

C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.

答案与解析:

B 根据第一段中的“Beforethe1830s,...Accordinglynewspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeople.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtomassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.”可知,在19世纪30年代之前,只有富人才能读报纸,而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容,让人感觉无聊,视觉上令人望而却步。

B项正确。

2.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?

A.Theywouldbepricedhigher.

B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.

C.Theycouldhavemorereaders.

D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.

答案与解析:

C 推理判断题。

第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众,很便宜的。

更重要的是,在街上可以买得到报纸。

结合第三段中的“streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities”可知,报纸的街头销售随处可见。

由此可推断出,街头销售意味读报纸的多了。

C项正确。

3.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?

A.Localpoliticians.B.Commonpeople.

C.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.

答案与解析:

B 根据第二段中的“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.”可知,这种“便士报纸”是针对大众的,在街上可以买到的报纸。

B项正确。

4.Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?

A.Itwasadifficultprocess.

B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.

C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor.

D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.

答案与解析:

A 推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe‘pennypaper’”及最后一段中的“Thenewtrendofnewspapersfor‘themanonthestreet’didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企

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