英语人教选修8同步刷题增分练有解析22.docx

1、英语人教选修8同步刷题增分练有解析22Section Learning about Language & Using Language分类记单词核心单词1.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于2shortly adv. 立刻；不久3retire vi. 退休；离开4bother vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰5regulation n. 规则；规章；法规6strike vi. & vt.(struck, struck) 打；撞击；罢工7vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的8feather n. 羽毛9unable adj. 不能的；不会的10hatch vt.& vi. 孵出；

2、孵卵；孵化拓展单词1. assumption n. 假定；设想assume v假定；设想2. resist vt.抵抗；对抗；耐得住resistance n. 抵抗；对抗resistant adj.抵抗的；对抗的3. merely adv.仅；只；不过mere adj.仅仅的；纯粹的4. decoration n. 装饰decorate vt.装饰5. adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱adoration n. 热爱；敬慕；爱慕；崇拜adorable adj.可爱的；讨人喜欢的6. reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reason n. 理由；道理阅读单词1.constit

3、ution n宪法；章程2compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的3opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院4chorus n. 合唱；合唱队5loaf n. 一条(面包)6flour n. 面粉7initial adj. 最初的；开始的8drawback n. 缺点；不利条件9turkey n. 火鸡10claw n. 爪；脚爪联想背短语1(be)_bound_to_(do)_ 一定或注定(做)2strike._into_ones_heart_ 使刻骨铭心3from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔4bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活5in_va

4、in 白费力气；枉费心机6in_good/poor_condition_ 状况很好(坏)情况很好(坏)精彩写句式1.形容词作状语Did_she_die_young because she was a clone?它死得早是因为它是克隆羊吗？2with的复合结构Diversity in a group means having animals with_their_genes_arranged_in_different_ways.种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。3that引导表语从句The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness s

5、ome of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。4过去分词短语作状语Based_on_what_we_know_now,_you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.就我们现在所知道的

6、而言，不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。重点单词突破1.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢完成句子(1)昨天我太粗暴，应该向你道歉。I owe_you_an_apology for having been so rude to you last night.(2)由于天气恶劣，他们才不得不改变离开的时间。It was owing_to bad weather that they had to change the schedule of leaving.(3)他把他的成功归功于他的努力。He owed his success to his hard work.单句改错I

7、 owe to you that we have made such a great breakthrough.在owe后面加it2bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰单句语法填空(1)Im sorry to bother you with/about so many questions on such an occasion.(2)He wont come, why bother to invite/inviting (invite) him?(3)I didnt put you to any bother that day.句式升级普通表达：Her son didnt work v

8、ery hard at school. It bothered her. (用what引导主语从句)高级表达：What_bothered_her_was that her son didnt work very hard at school.3strike vt. & vi.打；打劫；撞击；攻击；爆发；迷住；突然想到；划火柴 n罢工一词多义写出下列句中strike的含义(1)The town hall clock struck midnight.敲打；报时(2)It was extremely dark in the passage so he struck a match.划火柴(3)The

9、 child ran into the road and was struck by a car.撞击(4)It suddenly struck me how we could improve this situation.突然想起(5)Within half an hour, all the drivers were out on strike.罢工(6)The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.迷住(7)That area was stuck by a snowstorm.袭击语境串记我被她的年轻和热情迷住了。我突然想起

10、她正是我所追求的女孩。我要采取行动，正如不同寻常的谚语所说的“趁热打铁”。(1)I was_struck_by her youth and enthusiasm.(2)It_struck_me that she was just the girl I had been seeking. I wanted to take action. (3)As a striking saying goes，“Strike while the iron is hot.”4resist vt.抵抗；对抗；耐得住单句语法填空(1)The bank strongly resisted cutting (cut) i

11、nterest rates.(2)The floor of this room is resistant (resist) to fire.(3)As they suppose, there has been a lot of resistance (resist) to this plan.单句改错I couldnt resist have a look at her new bag.havehaving短语句式突破1.(be)bound to(do).一定或注定做完成句子(1)三人行，必有我师焉。Even when walking in the company of two other m

12、en, I am_bound_to_learn from them.(2)这架飞机飞往纽约。The plane is_bound_for New York.(3)他毕生专注于核物理研究。His life was_bound_up_in the study of nuclear physics.单句改错They boarded the ship, which was bound to Canada.tofor2bring back to life使复生；使复活完成句子(1)新来的老师使我们课堂恢复了生机。The new teacher brought_our_class_back_to_life

13、.(2)不管他们做出什么努力，都不能挽救他的生命。No matter what effort they made, they just couldnt bring_him_back_to_life.(3)他起初安静，然后用笑话和笑声活跃起来。He was quiet at first, then came_to_life with a joke and laughter.用bring短语填空(1)He left her to bring_up three young children on her own.(2)The good harvest soon brought_down the pr

14、ice of rice.(3)The photos brought_back many beautiful memories.3in vain白费力气；枉费心机完成句子(1)我的力气没有白费。My efforts were not in_vain.(2)他在门口停住，徒然地等她和自己打招呼。He stopped at the door, waiting in_vain for her acknowledge his presence.(3)他想让全世界都知道，他的儿子不是白白死去的。He wants the world to know his son did not die in_vain.4

15、in good/poor condition状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏完成句子(1)奶奶每天都锻炼身体，她现在身体状况很好。My grandmother takes exercise every day, and she is in_good_condition now.(2)在这种情况下，你可以早一点回家。On_this_condition you may go home earlier.(3)他们同意把车借给我们，条件是周末以前归还。They agreed to lend us the car on_condition_that we returned it before the week

16、end.一句多译他太胖了，健康状况不佳。(1)He is overweight and out_of_condition.(2)He is overweight and in_poor_condition.5形容词作状语，表原因、伴随或方式等(教材P14)Did she die young because she was a clone?它死得早，是因为它是克隆羊吗？完成句子(1)每个国家无论大小，都应该平等。Every nation, big_or_small,_should be equal.(2)由于口渴又想休息，她走进饭店，在靠窗的桌子旁坐下。Thirsty_and_eager_to_

17、get_a_rest,_she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a table by the window.(3)我们回家很晚，安然无恙。We arrived home very late, safe_and_sound.单句改错Surprising and happy, the boy stood up to answer the question.SurprisingSurprised6with复合结构(with宾语宾补)作后置定语(教材P15)Diversity in a group means having animals

18、with their genes arranged in different ways.种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。单句语法填空(1)I like to sleep with the window open (open)(2)The book with its cover torn (tear) off is a book dating back to 300 years ago.(3)With time going (go) by, the examination is drawing near.(4)With a lot of homework to_do (do),

19、the boy had no time to go out to play.单词拼写/单句语法填空1Working hard, she is bound to_rank (rank) first in the coming exam.2Heavy floods struck (strike) the South last week, causing great damage to the local people.3He could not resist telling (tell) her the truth.4Bothered (bother) with so many things, h

20、e never feels annoyed.5Having retired (retire) from his post, he has more time to do what he wants to now.6The wellknown scientist always says that he owes (owe) all his success to the support of his family.7The house really is in poor condition it would cost far too much to repair.8With prices goin

21、g (go) up so fast, we cant afford the house.9They tried in every way they knew to bring the bird back to life, but in vain.10They tried to change the old mans mind, but in vain.阅读理解A2019全国卷Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year.

22、Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull

23、 and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that. The trend, then, was toward the“penny paper” a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that cou

24、ld be bought in single copies on the street. This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown.

25、However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny usually two or three cents was charged and some of the older wellknown papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper”caught the publi

26、cs fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny. This new trend of newspapers for“the man on the street”did not begin well. Some of the early ventures (企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little

27、desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling. 1Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?AAcademic. BUnattractive. CInexpensive. DConfidential. 答案与解析：B根据第一段中的“Before the 1830s，. Accordingly newspapers were re

28、ad almost only by rich people. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.”可知，在19世纪30年代之前，只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，视觉上令人望而却步。B项正确。2What did street sales mean to newspapers?AThey would be priced higher.BThey

29、would disappear from cities.CThey could have more readers.DThey could regain public trust.答案与解析：C推理判断题。第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买得到报纸。 结合第三段中的“street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities”可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。C项正确。3Who were the newspapers of the new trend ta

30、rgeted at?ALocal politicians. BCommon people.CYoung publishers. DRich businessmen.答案与解析：B根据第二段中的“The trend, then, was toward the“penny paper” a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper；perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be

31、bought in single copies on the street.”可知， 这种“便士报纸”是针对大众的，在街上可以买到的报纸。B项正确。4What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?AIt was a difficult process.BIt was a temporary success.CIt was a robbery of the poor.DIt was a disaster for printers.答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The trend, then, was toward the penny paper”及最后一段中的“The new trend of newspapers for the man on the street did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企