期中考杨文钦老师部分.docx

期中考杨文钦老师部分.docx

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期中考杨文钦老师部分

期中考（楊文欽老師部分）

期中考時間:

94年4月28日（星期四）下午5:

30至7:

00

範圍:

Compbellbiology6e,CH43,44,45

形式:

35題選擇（一題2分）,6題簡答（一題5分）

語言:

英文

選擇及簡答題來自課本習題（self-quiz及光碟上之習題）

任何有關問題請問林雅真助教或楊文欽老師

Ch43Self-Quiz

1.AnRh-positivebabyisborntoanRh-nagativemother.ThemotheristreatedwithantibodiesspecificfortheRhfactorinorderto

a.protectherfromaninappropriateimmuneresponse

b.preventherfromgeneratingmemoryBcellsspecificfortheRhfactor.

c.protectherfutureRh-positivebabies.

d.induceanimmuneresponsetoRhantibodies.

e.bothbandc.

2.Whichofthefollowingresultsinlong-termimmunity?

a.thepassageofmaternalantibodiestoherdevelopingfetus.

b.theinflammatoryresponsetoasplinter.

c.theadministrationofserumobtainedfrompeopleimmunetorabies.

d.theadministrationofthechickenpoxvaccine.

e.thepassageofmaternalantibodiestohernursinginfant.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotpartofthebody’snonspecificdefensesystem?

a.naturalkiller（NK）cells

b.inflammation

c.phagocytosisbyneutrophils

d.phagocytosisbymacrophages

e.antibodies

4.Whichofthefollowingmoleculesisincorrectlypairedwithasource?

a.lysozyme-tears

b.interferons-virus-infectedcells

c.interleukin-1-macrophages

d.perforins-cytotoxicTcells

e.immunoglobulins-helperTcells

5.HIVtargetsincludeallofthefollowingexcept

a.macrophages.

b.cytotoxicTcells.

c.helperTcells.

d.cellsbearingCD4andfusin.

e.cellsbearingCD4andCCR5.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthedifferenceinthewayBcellsandcytotoxicTcellsrespondtoinvaders?

a.Bcellsconferactiveimmununity;cytotoxicTcellsconferpassiveimmunity.

b.Bcellskillvirusesdirectly;cytotoxicTcellskillvirus-infectedcells.

c.Bcellssecreteantibodiesagainstavirus;cytotoxicTcellskillvirus-infectedcells.

d.Bcellsaccomplishcell-mediatedimmunity;cytotoxicTcellsaccomplishhumoralimmunity.

e.Bcellsrespondthefirsttimetheinvaderispresent;cytotoxicTcellsrespondsubsequenttimes.

7.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicoftheearlystagesoflocalinflammation?

a.precapillaryarterioleconstriction.

b.fever

c.attackbycytotoxicTcells

d.releaseofhistamine

e.antibody-complement-mediatedlysisofmicrobes

8.Anepitopeassociateswithwhichpartofanantibody?

a.theantibody-bindingsite.

b.theheavy-chainconstantregionsonly

c.thevariableregionsofaheavychainandlightchaincombined.

d.thelight-chainconstantregiononly.

e.theantibodytail.

9.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouthelperTcells?

a.theyfunctioninbothcell-mediatedandhumoralimmuneresponses.

b.theyrecognizepolysaccharidefragmentspresentedbyclassIIMHCmolecules.

c.theybearsurfaceCD4molecules.

d.theyaresubjecttoinfectionbyHIV.

e.whenactivated,theysecreteIL-2andothercytokines.

10.IndicatewhethereachofthefollowingchoicesisdescriptiveofaBcell（B）,cytotoxicTcell（Tc）,helperTcell（TH）,ormacrophage（M）,Asinglefeaturemaybedesicriptiveofmorethanonetypeofcell.

a.developsintoanantibodies-secretingplasmacell

b.isphagocytic

c.bearsantigenreceptorscalledimmunoglobulins.

d.bearsthesurfacemoleculeCD4

e.bearsthesurfacemoleculeCD8

f.isanimportantcomponentofnonspecificresponses.

g.producescytokinessuchasinterleukin-2thatboostbothhumoralandcell-mediatedresponses

h.mediatesspecificrecognitionofandresponsetoaparticularantigen.

i.bearssurfaceTDRandCD3.

j.killsvirus-infectedcells.

11.Indicatewhethereachofthefollowingstatementisconsisitent（C）orinconsistent（I）withyourunderstandingofimmunereactions.

a.Whenantibodiesbindtoabacterium,theydirectlykillitwithinseconds.

b.Autoantibodiesareanormalresponsetoone’sownbiologicalmolecules.

c.Complementactivationcanresultinbacterialcelllysis

d.Invertebrateimmunesystemscandistinguishselffromnonself.

e.Thesecondaryimmuneresponseisslowerandweakerthantheprimaryimmuneresponse.

f.Onewaythatantibodiesmediatethedeathofbacteriaisbyactivatingthecomplementsystem.

12.Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswiththeappropriatetermortermafromthislist:

helperTcells,cytotoxicTcell,antibodies,Bcells,classIMHC,IIMHC,cytokines,complement.Sometermsmaybeusedmorethanonce:

othersmaynotbeusedatall.

a.Gammainterferoninducesvirus-infectedcellstoputmorethantheusualnumberofclassIMHCmoleculseontheirsurfaces.

Thisimprovestheabilityof____________todetecttheinfectedcells.

b.Theactivationof___________inculturecouldbemeasuredbytestinghowmuchinterleukin-2theyproduce.

c.TheactivationofBcellsinresponsetoanimmunizationcanbemeasuredbytestingbloodforincreasedlevelsof__________.

d.Whenmacrophagesphagocytoseviruses,theypresentviralantigen-associatedwith________moleculestohelperTcells.

e.Atypeofseverecombinedimmunedeficiencydiseaseresultsfromthehackoffunctionalinterleukin-2receptors.Theseverityofthisdiseaseisnotsurprisinggiventhat____________requirebothbindingtoforeignantigenandinterleukin-2inordertobefullyactivated.

13.Matching:

Neutrophil

CytotoxicTcell

Bcell

Lymphocyte

MemoryBcell

HelperTcell

Mastcell

a.Carriesouthumoralimmunity

b.Containshistaminesthattriggerallergy

symptoms

c.CelltypemostcommonlyinfectedbyHIV.

d.Killvirus-infectedbodycells

e.Aphagocyticwhitebloodcell

f.Along-livedcellthatprovidesforfaster

secondaryimmuneresponses

g.Ageneraltermforleukocytescapableof

specificantigenrecognition.

14.Indicatethekindofdefensetowhicheachofthefollowingtermsorphrasesapply,usingNfornonspecificdefense,Hforhumoraldefense,andCforcell-mediateddefense.

a.theproductionofantibodies.

b.thespecificrecognitionanddirectkillingofvirus-infectedcells.

c.phagocytosisbyneutrophils

d.Tcellsaremainlyresponsible.

e.Bcellsaremainlyresponsible.

f.fever

g.inflammation

h.phagocytosisbymacrophages.

15.ForeachstatementaboutHIVandAIDS,indicatewhetheritistrue（T）orfalse（F）

a.EntryofHIVintoTcellrequirestwocoreceptors,CD4andfusin.

b.OnlyTcellwithCD4areinfectedbyHIV

c.HIVisaretrovirus.

d.CCR4andfusinnormallyactascytokinereceptors

e.ApersonwithHIVmighttransmitittoanotherpersonthroughahandshake.

f.ProteaseinhibitorsblockastepintheproductionofHIV.

g.Opportunisticinfectionsoccurwhenimmuneresponsesarediminished,asinAIDS.

h.DonatedbloodisroutinelyscreenedforthepresenceofantibodiestoHIV.

Ch44Self-Quiz

1.Unlikeanearthworm’smetanephridia,amammaliannephron

a.isintimatelyassociatedwithacapillarynetwork.

b.formsurinebychangingthecompositionoffluidinsidethetubule.

c.functionsinbothosmoregulationandtheexcretionofnitrogenouswastes.

d.processesbloodinsteadofcoelomicfluid.

e.hasatransportepithelium.

2.ThemajorityofwaterandsaltfilteredintoBowman’scapsuleisreabsorbedby

a.thetransportepitheliaoftheproximaltubule.

b.diffusionfromthedescendinglimboftheloopofHenleintothehyperosmoticinterstitialfluidofthemedulla.

c.activetransportacrossthetransportepitheliumofthethickuppersegmentoftheascendinglimboftheloopHenle.

d.selectivesecretionanddiffusionacrossthedistaltubule.

e.diffusionfromthecollectingductintotheincreasingosmoticgradientoftherenalmedulla.

3.Thehighosmolarityoftherenalmedullaismaintainedbyallofthefollowingexcept

a.diffusionofsaltfromtheascendinglimboftheloopofHenle.

b.activetransportofslatfromtheupperregionoftheascendinglimb.

c.thespatialarrangementofjuxtamedullarynephrons.

d.diffusionofureafromthecollectingduct

e.diffusionofsaltfromthedescendinglimboftheloopofHenle.

4.Selectthepairinwhichthenitrogenouswasteisincorrectlymatchedwiththebenefitofitsexcretion

a.urea-lowtoxicityrelativetoammomia.

b.uricacid-canbestoredasprecipitate

c.ammomia-verysoluboleinwater

d.uricacid-miminmallossofwaterwhenexcreted

e.urea-veryinsolubleinwater

5.Whichofthefollowingisnotamechanismforreducingtherateofheatexchangebetweenananimalanditsenvironment?

a.featherorfur

b.vasoconstriction

c.nonshiveringthermogenesis

d.countercurrentheatexchanger

e.blubberorfatlayer

6.Ananimal’sinputsofenergyandmaterialswouldexceeditsoutputs

a.iftheanimalisanendotherm,whichmustalwaystakeinmoreenergybecauseofitshighmetabolicrate.

b.ifitisactivelyforagingforfood

c.ifitishibernating

d.ifitisgowingandincreasingitsbiomass.

e.never--homeostasismakestheseenergyandmaterialbudgetsalwaysbalance.

7.Whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribesacaseofodmoregulation?

a.bodyfluidsthatareisoosmoticwiththeexternalenvironment

b.dischangeofexcesswaterinahypoosmoticenvironment

c.excrtionofenergytoconvertammioniatolasstoxicwastes

d.excretionofsaltinahypoosmoticenvironment

e.secretionofdrugsandreabsorptionofnutrientsbytheprocimal.

8.Whichprocessinthenephronisleastselectve?

a.secretion

b.reabsorption

c.activetransport

d.filtration

e.saltpumpingbytheloopofHenle.

9.Youarestudyingalargetropicalreptilethathasahighandquiteconstantbodytemperature.Howwouldyoudeterminewhetherthisanimalisanendothermoranectotherm?

a.Youknowfromitshighandconstantbodytemperaturethatitmustbeanendotherm

b.Youknowthatitisan