老人与海英语论文.docx

老人与海英语论文.docx

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老人与海英语论文

AnAnalysisoftheHeroicCharacterintheOldManandtheSea

学院：

外国语学院　

班　　级：

英语101

姓名：

王金　　

学　　号：

100801009

AnAnalysisoftheHeroicCharacterintheOldManandtheSea

Abstract:

HemingwaywasoneofthemostfamousnovelistsinAmerica.HecreatedaperfectimageofCodeHero:

SantiagoinTheOldManandtheSeawhichwonHemingwayNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1954.TheOldManandtheSeaisoneofthemostinfluentialandfar-reachingnovelsoftheliterarytreasureoftheworld.ThecontentoftheessayistoanalyzethecharacteristicsofCodeHero.ThroughtheintroductiontoHemingway’slegendlife,wefindsomecommonpointsbetweentheauthorandtheoldman,andthemostfamiliarpointisthatbothofthemhavethespiritofCodeHero.ThenIwillanalysesthespiritofCodeHero.Thespiritisconcentratedonfourareas:

First,nevergiveuphopesinanydifficultconditions;secondly,keepdaringspiritandneveradmitdefeatintheprocessoffighting;thirdly,behaveheroicallyintheactualbattle;andlast,endurethelonelinessinthelongprocessofthefighting.Thelastpartoftheessayistheconclusion.Thispaperwillanalyzetheimageoftheoldman,revealthecharacteristicsofCodeHero,andadvocatethespiritofnevergivingup.

Keywords：

Spirit,Hemingway,CodeHero,Santiago

1TheIntroductiontotheAuthor

RegardedasagiantbothinAmericanliteratureandtheworldliterature,ErnestHemingwaywasbornonJuly21,1898,atOakPark,Illinois.DuringWorldWarIheworkedasanambulancedriverinFranceandintheItalianinfantryandwaswoundedseverelyjustbeforehis19thbirthday.Later,hebecameinvolvedwiththeexpatriateliteraryandartisticcirclesurroundingGertrudeSteinwhenhewasworkinginParisasacorrespondentfortheTorontoStar,Hisworksduringthe1920sarerepresentativeof“theLostGeneration”.DuringtheSpanishCivilWarandlatertheSecondWordWar,Hemingwayservedasacorrespondentontheloyalistside.ThenhesettledinCubain1945.In1954,HemingwaywasawardedtheNobelPrizeofLiteratureforhis“masteryoftheartofmodernnarration”.AfterhisexpulsionfromCubabytheCastroregime,hemovedtoIdaho.Hewasincreasinglyplaguedbyillhealthandmentalproblems,andinJuly,1961,hecommittedsuicidebyshootinghimself.

Hemingway’slifeisfilledwithkindsofadventures,andfromhisrichandcolorfullifeexperiences，hislifeseemslikeanunusualbookwhichmanyotherpeopleintheworldadmireandenvy.Hemingway'sfictionusuallyfocusesonpeoplelivingessential,dangerouslives,soldiers,fishermen,athletes,bullfighters,whomeetthepainanddifficultyoftheirexistencewithstoiccourage.Fromhisworksandlifeexperiences,Hemingwayisindeedaperfectionist.Manyoftheheroesthathecreatedinnovelsarerepresentedhiscodemanspirit---perfectionism,especiallyinTheOldManandtheSea.TheoldmannamedSantiagorepresentedHemingway’sperfectionismcharacteristicmorevividlythanothercodemaninhisworks

2TheIntroductiontotheBackground

Hemingway’slifewasactiveandadventurousbutfullofpains.HelivedintheperiodthattheWorldWarOnebrokeoutwhenmanyyoungvolunteerstookpartinthewarwhichalsocalled“awarendsallwars”.Butthecruelrealitymadethemawarethatmodernwarfarewasnotasgloriousastheythought.ActuallytheFirstandtheSecondWorldWarshadaffectedHemingwayalot,forhehadoncejoinedthearmyandhadinjuredinItaly,sohesufferedmuchwhichwasbroughtaboutbythewardeeply.Hewasdisappointedwiththeworldatthattimeandbecameverypessimisticaboutthefateofthehumanbeings.Asayoungwriterandspokesmanofthe“TheLostGeneration”,andinfluencedbythegreedyandheedlesswayoflifeinAmerica,Hemingway’sworksallvividlyrecordedthelifeofthosephysicallyandmentallywoundedsoldiers,revealedthefrustration,lonelinesswhen“Godisdead”.

3Plot

Itisapoetictragicnoveltoldinlanguageofgreatsimplicityandpower.ItsheroisanoldCubanfisherman---Santiago,whoisdownonhisluck,andtriestofightagainsthisfate.InthestorySantiagohasgonefor84dayswithoutcatchingafish.Asaresult,Mandolin,alittleboy,whousedtosailwithhim,isforbiddenfromfishingwiththeoldmanbyhisparentsandforcedtocatchfishinanother“good-lucky”ship.

Laterdespitetheboyasksforfishingtogetheragain,buttheoldmaninsistsonfishingaloneandatlast,hesucceedsinhookingagiantmarlinwhichiseighteen-foot,thelargesthehaseverknownbefore.Butthefishisverypowerfulanddisobedient.Ittowstheoldmanandhisboatforalmost48hours,theoldmancoulddonothingbutbearingthewholeweightofthefishthroughthelineonhisback.Theoldman,withlittlefoodandsleep,hastobearalotofpainandatthesametimefightagainstthefish.Tohisgreatexcitement,hewasrewardedforhisstruggle.Onthethirddayatsea,hefinallycatchestheweakenedmarlintothesurfaceandharpoonsit.

Onhiswayhome,helashedmarlinalongsidehisboatbecauseitistoobigtobeputintheboat.But,unfortunately,thesharksassaultedtheoldmanandthegiantmarlinindifferentdirectionsforfourtimes.Theoldmanfightstokillthesharkswithasmuchstrengthhecansummon,butonlytofindagiantskeletonofhismarlinleftafterhisdesperatedefense.Atlast,Santiago,havinglostwhathefoughtfor,reachestheshoreandstrugglestohisshack.Hefallsintosoundsleep,dreamingofAfricaandthelionsagain.

4Analysisoftheheroiccharacters

Inthenovel,theauthorportraystheimageofanoldCubanfishermanwhohasgonefor84dayswithcatchingnothing.“Theoldmanwasthinandgaunt,withdeepwrinklesinthebackofhisneck.Thebrownblotchesofthebenevolentskincancerthesunbringsfromitsreflectiononthetropicseawereonhischeeks.Theblotchesranwelldownthesidesofhisfaceandhishandshadthedeepcreasedscarsfromhandlingheavyfishonthecords.Butnoneofthescarswerefresh.Theywereasoldaserosionsinafishlessdesert.”Fromthesewords,wemayfeelsympathetictowardtheoldmanandthinkthatheistooweektocatchabigfish.But“Everythingabouthimwasoldexcepthiseyeandtheywerethesamecolorastheseaandwerecheerfulandundefeated.”Inspiteofhisoldandweekappearance,hiseyesarenotstuffybutascheerfulastheyoungmen’seyesthroughwhichwecanseehisunyieldingspirit.ThiscontrastclearlyshowsSantiago’srealpersonality.

84daysisalongperiodoftime.Amancantoleratefailure,butcan’ttoleratecontinuousfailure.Toomuchfailurewilldestroyamanevenwithstrongwill.ButforSantiago,althoughapoverty-strickenandlonelyoldman,nothingcandefeathiswill.Hefirmlyinsiststhathewillnotalwaysbeunfortunate.Hesays,“ImaynotbeasstrongasIthink.”,“ButIknowmanytricksandIhaveresolutions.”Theoldmanisveryconfidentandhasthestrongbelievethathewillfinallycatchabigfish.Whatgiveshimsuchconfidenceunderthedifficultandcruelreality?

Throughtheman,theauthorpointsout---eventhoughlifeisveryhardandseemshopeless,“Butwhoknows?

Everydayisanewday.”Hehasthehopeforthefutureandtheunyieldingspirittochallengehisfate.

WithSantiago’sexceedingself-confidence,hegetsrideofhisbadfortuneandcatchesthefishwhichislongerthanhisskiff.ButtheMarlineisverydisobedientandstrong.Theoldman“swingwitheacharmalternatelyonthecordwithallthestrengthofhisarmandthepivotedweightofhisbody.”But“nothinghappened.Thefishjustmovesawayslowlyandtheoldmancouldnotraisehimaninch.”Onesideisaveryoldman,andtheothersideisthebigstrongMarline.Neithersideisgoingtoyield.Insomeway,theMarlinisaremarkableandrespectablefish.Ittowstheskiffbehindhimouttotheseafor48hours.“Thecontestistoseewhocanendurelongerthantheother.”“Thefishmadeastrugglethatpulledhimdownonhisfaceandmadeacutbelowhiseye.Thebloodrandownhischeekalittleway.Butiscoagulatedanddriedbeforeitreachedhischinandheworkedhiswaybacktothehowandrestedagainstthewood.”Atthemoment,ifSantiagocutthelineandletthefishgo,hecangetrideofthedanger,butifhedoso,itmeansthatheisaloser.Santiagodoesn’tchoosethisway;hetriestothinknothingbutonlytoendure.Whenheisthirsty,hetakessomewater;whenheissleepy,heliesforwardcramminghimselfagainstthelinewithallofhisbody,puttingallhisweightontohisrighthand.Evenhislefthandcrampsandhisrighthandiscutbytheline,hejusttrieshisbesttoendure.Onthethirddayatsea,hefinallycatchestheweakenedmarlintothesurfaceandharpoonsit.Butonthereturningvoyage,theoldmanmeetsamoreterribledisaster.TheMarline’sblooddrawsthesharkgroupindifferentdirectionsforfourtimes.AlthoughheknowsthatthereislittlehopeforhimtowinafterhislongfightingwiththeMarline,butheknowsthatheshouldfacethesharksandkillthemasamantoprotecthisfish.Theauthorusesmuchinktoportraythesharkswhichaimstodescribetheoldman’sspirit.Theharderthefishandthesharksaretodefeat,thetallertheoldman’simageis.

5WritingStyleandTechniques

Hemingway’sworkshaveuniqueartisticstyle.Heisdistinguishedfromotherwritersinchoosingcharactersandsubjects.Theleadingrolesinhisnovelsaremen.Throughaseriesofdescription,heshowsthereaderstheuniqueworldofmen.Mostofthesemenarematador,pugilist,andhunterandsoon.Byportrayingthebattlesinwhichthesemenfightwithnature,societyand,Hemingwaywanttoextol