南京景点英语导游词.docx

南京景点英语导游词.docx

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南京景点英语导游词

南京景点英语导游词

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南京景点英语导游词1

NowweareonthewaytotheLingguTemplePark.Onourrightthereisafishingterracewithbeigeglazedtilesbuiltin1937.ItwasamonumenttoDr.SunYatsenfromtheNationalMilitaryAcademy,whichwasfoundedbyDr.SunYatsenin1924.

LingguTempleliesaboutoneandahalfkilometerstotheeastofDr.SunYatsensMausoleum.ItwascalledJiangshanTempleintheancienttimesanditsoriginalsitewasinDulongfuatthefootofthePurpleMountain.However,intheearlydaysoftheMingDynasty（1368-1644）,EmperorZhuYuanzhangchosethatplacetobuildhistomb,thusthetemplehadtobemovedandrebuiltatthepresentsiteandwasrenamedastheLingguTemplewithaninscription"TheFirstBuddhistForest"attheentrancetothemountain.Insidetheentrancethereisasecludedfootpathwiththousandsofpinetrees,verdantandluxuriant,soitiscalledthe"ValleyofSpiritDeepinPines".Itisoneofthe48attractionsinNanjing.

InsidethetemplethereistheBeamlessHallbuiltin1381intheMingdynasty.Thehall,53.8meterslong,37.85meterswideand22metershigh,wasbuiltentirelyofbricksandstonesfromtoptobottomwithoutapieceofwood.Therearenineoverlappingridgesandthreedagobasdecoratingthetopridges.Insize,theBeamlessHallstandsfirstandforemostofitskindinChina.Itwasbuiltmorethan200yearsearlierthantheotherfiveofthesamekindintheotherareas:

XiangtongTempleatWutaiMountain;YongzuoTempleinTaiyuan,ShanxiProvince;WannianTempleonErmeiMountaininSichuan;KaiyuanTempleinShzhouandLongchangTempleinJurongCounty.Itfarsurpassesthemallinsolidityandmagnificence.NowonderitisconsideredamasterpieceofChinesestone-brickbuildings.ThedifficultyinvolvedinitsconstructionandtheplexityoftechniquesadoptedtestifythewisdomofthearchitecturaltechnologyofthetimeinChina.

BeyondtheBeamlessHallaretheWind-through-pinesPavilionandanine-storeyed,oversixty-meter-highoctagonalpagoda,withacorridorencircledbystonerailsoneachstorey.Insidethepagodaaspiralstaircasewindstothetopthroughtheninestories.Whenonegetstothetopstoryandgazeintothedistance,onecangetaviewoftheentiremausoleumarea.

南京景点英语导游词2

The600-year-oldMingTomb,lyingatthesouthernfootofthePurpleMountain,isthetombforZhuYuanzhang,thefirstemperoroftheMingDynastyfrom1368to1398.

BornintoapoorpeasantfamilyinFengyangCounty,AnhuiProvincein1328,ZhuYuanzhanglosthisparentsinhischildhoodandbecameamonkatHuangjueTemple.In1352,hejoinedtheRedTurbanArmyledbyGuoZixin.HemarriedGuoZixin’sadopteddaughterandbecamethemandinggenerallater.ZhuYuanzhangtookoverNanjingin1356andmadeitthecapitalin1368whenheconqueredtherestpartsofChinaandestablishedtheMingDynasty.

ZhuYuanzhangbegantohavehistombbuiltin1381whenhiswifedied.Theempresswasburiedinthetombin1383.ButEmperorZhuYuanzhangdiedin1398andwasburiedhereinthesameyear.

Nowwearereachingthetombgate,knownasGrandGoldenGate.MingTombisdividedintotwoparts.ThefirstpartisfromHorseDismountingArchGatetoLinxinGate,1800meterslong,servingasthetombavenue.Thesecondpartisthetombitself.Therewasoriginallyagrandredwall,22.5kilometerslong,enclosingthewholetombarea.Thetombplexwasverylargewithmanysplendidbuildings.100000pineswereplantedand1000deerraisedinside.Unfortunately,thislargegroupofbuildingswasruinedduringthewartime,oncebetweentheMingandQingDynastiesandtheothertimewhenTaipingPeasantArmywassuppressedbytheQingDynastyarmy.Allthewoodenstructuresweredestroyed.Howeverwecanstillseetheexquisitestonecarvingsfromthestonebasesandimaginehowitlookedlike600yearsago.

AttheHorseDismountingArchGate,theinscriptioncanbeseen"Alltheofficialsmustdismountfromtheirhorsebackshere".ThisshowstheabsolutedignityofEmperorZhuYuanzhangatthattime.

Hereweareatthesquarecity,alsocalledthestonetablethouse.Itstopisgonebutthesurroundingwallsandfourarchwaysarestillremaining,justlikeacastle.TheGreatMingDynastyWonderfulAchievementsandMeritsTablet,8.78metershigh,builtin1413bythethirdemperoroftheMingDynasty,isthehighestancienttabletinNanjing.Therearealtogether2746Chinesecharactersonthetablet,whichpraiseEmperorZhuYuanzhangforhisdeedsandmeritsbyhisfourthsonwhomadehimselfthethirdemperoroftheMingDynasty.

WhydidZhuDi,thethirdemperorerectthisstonetablet?

ZhuYuanzhanghad26sons.Hisfirstsondiedin1392,sohisfirstgrandson,then16,wasnominatedtobethesuccessortoEmperorZhuYuanzhang.In1398,22-year-oldZhuYunwenbecamethesecondemperorafterhisgrandfather’sdeath.HoweverhisuncleZhuDiwastheninBeijingandfoundsomeexcusetolaunchawaragainsthim.Thefour-year-longwarendedwiththeunclesvictory.ZhuDigrabbedthepowerandbecamethethirdemperor.WhenZhuDipraisedEmperorZhuYuanzhang,hewasactuallypraisinghimself.Originally,ZhuDiplannedtohavea72-meter-highstonetabletcarvedoutofYangshanhillintheeasternsuburbofNanjing.Sinceitwastooheavytobemoved,hegaveuphisplanandhadthissmallonemade.

Thestoneanimalunderthetabletlookslikeatortoise.Itisactuallythefirstsonofthedragon,wellknownforitsstrength.ItsnameisBiXiandheisalwaysputtheretocarryimperialtablets.Accordingtothelegend,whenthestonetabletwascarved,thechiefmasoncouldhardlyhaveitmountonthebackofBiXibecauseitwastooheavy.Hewasveryworriedanddidnotknowwhattodo.Onedayhehadadream,inwhichhewastoldthatonlywhenthetabletandBiXididnotseeeachother,hewouldmakethemountingpossible.Cleverashewas,hecoveredBiXiwithmudandpushedthetabletontothebackofBiXiasyoucanseenow.

Whenwepasstheimperialbridge,wecanseethesacredpathlinedwith24animals.Therearesixkindsofanimals,onepairstandingandtheotherkneeling.Thestandingpairisworkingandthekneelingresting.Theyworkontwoshifts.Thesignificanceoftheseanimalsistoshowthecountryspowerandemperorsinfluence,todriveawaytheevilspiritsandguardthetomb.Thefirst2pairsofanimalsarelions,kingofthebeats.Thesecond2pairsofanimalsarecalledBiXie,amythicalanimal,suggestingjustice.Thefollowingpairsofanimalsincludecamels,elephants,unicornsandhorses.Thecamelisknownasboatinthedesertandsymbolofprosperity.Eachelephantweighs80tonsandsymbolizespeace.TheunicornrepresentsgoodluckwhileHorseloyalty.

Youmaywonderhowtheseheavystoneanimalsweremovedtothisplace.Thefactisinthecoldwinter,workerssplashedwateronthegroundandpushedthestoneanimalstothepresentlocationsonthefreezingice.

Two6.25meter-highstonepillarsserveasaltarsforthesacrificialofferings.ThesacredavenuemakesarightturnherejustbecausethePlumBlossomHillstandsintheway.ThehillisthetombforSunQuan,thefirstemperorofEasternWuKingdom.WhenMingTombwasconstructed,somepeoplesuggestedthatSunQuanstombshouldbemovedaway.ButEmperorZhuYuanzhangmentedthatSunQuanwasagoodfellowandshouldstay.Thisshowedtheemperor’smodesty.Amongthe8stonefigures,fourareministersandtheotherarewarriors.

Whenwecrosstheimperialbridgeandwalkashortdistance,wereachthetombitself.Thearchgate,imperialstonetabletpavilion,thegrandhall,squarecity,grandterrace,treasurecity,treasuretopareallonthenorth-southaxis,atypicallayoutoftheancientChinesearchitecture.

Thearchgatehas5doorways,withyellowglazedtiles,redwallsanddoors.Butthisgatewasrebuiltin1999.

InthestonetabletpavilionbuiltinearlyQingDynasty,wecanseeaninscriptionbyEmperorKangXi,thesecondemperorofQingDynasty,"RunningthestateasprosperouslyasTangandSongDynasties".SinceQingrulerswereManchurians,EmperorKangxiwasworriedthattheHanpeoplewouldntfollowhim.ThisstonetabletindicatedEmperorKangXisdesiretobepeacefulwiththeHans.Hemade6tripsdowntosouthernChinafromBeijingandvisitedMingTombfor5times.Thistabletwaserectedherein1699duringhisthirdvisit.WecantellfromthistabletthatEmperorKangXiwasnowonderagreatemperor.

ThetombisatthefootofPurpleMountain.Ithasnotbeenexcavatedbecauseofthetechnicalreasonsofpreservation.

ThetombsitewasselectedbyZhuYuanzhanghimself.HowevertherehadbeenaBuddhisttemplehere.ZhuYuangzhangpacedupanddownandlookedupseteachtimewhenhewashere.Thewiseabbotinthetemplefeltitandsuggestedtotheemperorthatthetempleshouldbemovedbecausehisteachertoldhimsoinhisdream.Theemperorwashappywhenheheardthisandhadthetemplerebuilttotheeastofhistomb.

南京景点英语导游词3

Theimposingcitywall,ashighasafive-storybuilding,isthegoodimpressionofthevisitorstoNanjing.

Thebuildingofthewallbeganin1366,orderedbyZhuYuanzhangwho,twoyearslater,foundedtheMingDynasty（1368-1644）.Morethan200,000peopleworkedontheprojectandmanyofthemdiedbeforethewallwaspletedin1368.

Thewallwas33.678kilometersincircumferenceand14.21metershighonaverage.Itwasthelongestcitywallintheworldandthecityenclosedbyitremainedtheworldslargestuntilthe17thcentury.

Inordertoguaranteethequalityofthewall,ZhuYuanzhangha