研究生英语6.docx

研究生英语6.docx

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研究生英语6

Unit6HowServiceExperiencesAffectStudents

1.confront,face（Para.1）:

Bothmeantocomefacetofacewith.

Confrontmeanstobringfacetofacewith,especiallywithdefianceorhostility.Itisaformalword.

Examples:

Sheconfrontedthevitalquestionofbeingbankrupt.

Theprisonerwasconfrontedwithhisaccusers.

Facemeanstolookforwardorstandlookingat.Itisstrongerthanconfront.

Examples:

Let'sfacethefactsinsteadofevadingthem.

Anunskilledyouthfacesadifficultlife.

2.exhibit,show,display,expose,demonstrate（Para.2）:

Theseverbsmeantopresentsomethingtoview.

Exhibitimpliesopenpresentationthatinvitesinspection.

Examples:

Sheexhibitedherpaintingsatourschool.

Theworksofart,bybeingpubliclyexhibitedandofferedforsale,arebecomingarticlesoftrade.

Showisthemostgeneral.Itmeanstocauseorallowsomethingtobeseen.

Examples:

Thejewelershowedthenecklacetothecustomer.

Shehatedtoshowherfeelings.

Displayoftensuggestsanattempttopresentsomethingtobestadvantage.

Examples:

Thedealerspreadtherugouttodisplaythepattern.

Thechildren'sworkwasdisplayedonthewall.

Exposeusuallyinvolvesuncoveringsomethingorbringingitoutfromconcealment.

Examples:

TheexcavationexposedastaggeringnumberofBronzeAgeartifacts.

Hiscommentexposedhisinsensitivity.

Demonstratemeanstoshowtobetruebyreasoningoradducingevidence.Examples:

Howdoyoudemonstratethattheearthisround?

Thesalesmandemonstratedhowtousethewashing-machine.

3.enhance,strengthen,increase,enrich,improve（Para.2）:

Theseverbsmeantoadvancetoamoredesirable,valuable,orexcellentstate.

Enhancemeanstomakegreater,asinvalue,beauty,orreputation.

Examples:

Shehadasweetnesstoherface,awarmththatwasenhancedbyluminousdarkeyes.

PassingtheEnglishexaminationshouldenhanceyourchancesofgettingthepost.

Strengthenmeanstobecomestrongorstronger.

Examples:

Thefrontarmytroopswerestrengthenedbyalargecontingentofstudentsfromthemilitaryacademy.

Thefencewasstrengthenedwithwire.

Increaseappliesmostwidely;itsometimessuggestssteadygrowth.

Examples:

Absencediminishesmediocrepassionsandincreasesgreatones.

Themayor'spoliticalinfluencerapidlyincreased.

Enrichmeanstomakefuller,moremeaningful,ormorerewarding.

Examples:

Musiccancertainlyenrichyourwholelife.

Thediscoveryofgoldinthevalleyswillenrichthepoormountainousarea.

Improvemeanstorisetoamoredesirableormoreexcellentqualityorconditionormakebetter.

Examples:

Thegovernmentwillhavetoimproveitsimageifitwantstowinthesupportfromthepublic.

Hecamebackfromhisholidaywithgreatlyimprovedhealth.

4.Whatexactlycanhighereducationdotopromotecitizenshipdevelopmentamongstudents,andatthesametimeaddressthemyriadproblemsthatcontinuetoplaguesociety?

（Para.2）:

Studentsneedtodeveloptheirsenseofcitizenship.Theyshouldlearnhowtodealwitharealsocietyfullofproblems.Asfarasthatisconcerned,whatexactly（actually）canhighereducationdotohelpthestudentsreachthatgoal（todealwiththeproblems）intherealworld?

address:

directtheeffortsorattentionof（oneself）;dealwith

Examples:

Throughoutthebookwehaveaddressedourselvestotheproblemofethics.

Headdressedhimselftothemeetingonthesubjectofemployment.

5.plague,trouble,ail,distress,worry（Para.2）:

Thecentralmeaningsharedbytheseverbsistocauseanxiousuneasinessin.

Plaguemeanstopesterorannoypersistentlyorincessantly.

Examples:

Fearsaboutjobsecurityplaguenearlyhalfthework-force.

Subterraneanfiresanddeepunrestplaguethewholearea.

Troublemeanstocauseworry,discomfort,etc.

Examples:

What'stroublingyou--moneyproblems?

Iamrathertroubledbythewayheisbehaving.

Ailmeanstocausephysicalormentalpainoruneasiness.

Examples:

Hewillnotconcedewhetheranythingailshisbusiness.

Maryhasbeenailingforaweek.

Distressmeanstocausestrain,anxiety,orsuffering.

Examples:

Themotherwasdistressedbyherbaby'sillness.

Herfamilywasdistressedbythenewsthatshewasleavinghome.

Worrymeanstomakeanxiousoruncomfortable.

Examples:

Hercominghomelateworriedhermother.

Thebadsmelldoesn'tworryhimatall.

6.Oneanswermaybefoundwithinthecollegeoruniversitycurriculum,throughthesimplebutextremelypowerfulpedagogicaltoolknownas"servicelearning".（Para.3）:

Bystudyingthepowerfulcourse,whichisknownas"service-learning",providedinthecollegeorintheuniversity,itiseasytofindananswertothatquestion.

Curriculummeansallthecoursesofstudyofferedbyaneducationalinstitution.

Example:

NothavingShakespeareintheschoolcurriculumismadness.

7.connect,join,combine,unite,link,relate,associate（Para.3）:

Theseverbsmeantofastenorbecomefastened.

Connectmeanstobecomejoinedorunitedwith.

Examples:

Ifitisbuilt,itwillconnectBritaintoEuropeforthefirsttimeinhistory.

Thatsolitaryoldmanwassuspectedtobeconnectedwiththecrime.

Thechiefofpoliceisinnowayconnectedwiththescandal.

Joinappliestothephysicalcontact,connection,orunionofatleasttwoseparatethingsandtothecomingtogetherofpersons,asintoagroup.

Examples:

Thechildrenjoinedhands.

Jointhepanelsoffabricattheselvages.

Combinesuggeststhemixingormergingofcomponents,oftenforaspecificorsharedpurpose.

Examples:

Thecookcombinedwhippedcream,sugar,andvanillatomakeatoppingforthecompote.

Thetwoprincipalpoliticalpartieshavecombinedtoformagovernment.

Unitestressesthecoherenceoronenessofthepersonsorthingsjoined.

Examples:

Canstripsofplasticbeunitedwithepoxy?

Theattackontheircountryunitedsquabblingpoliticalfactionsinacommonpurpose.

Linkimpliesafirmattachmentinwhichindividualcomponentsneverthelessretaintheiridentities.

Examples:

Thenewbridgewilllinktheislandtothemainland.

Thetwofamilieslinkedupthroughthemarriageoftheirdaughterandson.

Relatereferstoconnectionofpersonsthroughmarriageorkinship.

Examples:

Thoughtheyhavethesamesurname,thetwoarenotevendistantlyrelated.

Thetwoeventsseemtoberelated.

Associateusuallyimpliesarelationshipofpersonsaspartnersorallies.Itcanalsorefertoarelationshipofthingsthataresimilarorcomplementaryorthathaveaconnectioninone'sthoughts.

Examples:

Hisdaughterisassociatedwithhiminthefamilybusiness.

Icanforgivehisbluntnessbecauseitisassociatedwithabasickindlinessofspirit.

8.reflecton,think,reason,speculate（Para.3）:

Thecentralmeaningsharedbytheseverbsistousethepowersofthemind,asinconceivingideasordrawinginferences.

Reflectonmeanstoformorexpresscarefullyconsideredthoughtsabout.

Examples:

Afterreflectingonthematterforawhile,wedecidednottogo.

Theopinionsofthechildrenmustbereflectedonbytheadultssometimes.

Thinkmeanstoexercisethepowerofreason,asbyconceivingideas,drawinginferences,andusingjudgment.

Examples:

Shesatthere,thinkinggreatthoughts.

DoyoustillthinkinEnglishwhenyouarespeakingChinese?

Reasonmeanstodetermineorconcludebylogicalthinking.

Examples:

Ireasonedthatsinceshehadn'tansweredmylettershemustbeangrywithme.

Trytoreasonhimoutofthatidea.

Speculatemeanstoengageinacourseofreasoningoftenbasedoninconclusiveevidence.

Examples:

Highcholesterolisspeculatedacontributingfactortothepatient'shealthproblems.Let'sspeculateaboutthedateofthenextelection.

9.enroll,participate（Para.4）:

Bothmeantobecomeapartormemberof.

Enrollmeanstoplaceone'snameonarollorregister.

Examples:

HehasenrolledinanintensiveEnglishcourseforhalfayear.

Shewasinchargeofenrollingtheminutesofthemeetingbecauseofhergoodhandwriting.

Participatemeanstotakepartinsomething.

Examples:

Weallparticipatedintheexperimentwithnewmethods.

Abilityinspeakingcanbeimprovedbyparticipatinginpublicandprofessionalactivities.

10.implement,carryout（Para.4）:

Bothmeantoperformordocompletely（anorder,planorpieceofwork）.

Implementmeanstostart（sth.）workingortoputtopracticaluse.

Examples:

Hetriedtoimplementhisideastooquicklyandpeoplewouldn'tacceptthem.

Thecommittee'sdecisionswillbeimplementedimmediately.

Carryoutmeanstoputintopracticeoreffect.

Examples:

Manynewmeasuresforhealthprotectionhavebeencarriedoutinthiscountry.

Itisagoodplan;more,itiseasytocarryout.

11.Themostremarkableresultofthestudywasthatall35studentoutcomemeasureswerefavorablyinfluencedbyserviceparticipation.（Para.4）:

Themostremarkableresultofthestudywasthatservicelearninghadpositiveeffectsonall35studentresultmeasures.

12.favorable,propitious,auspicious,benign,conducive（Para.4）:

Theseadjectivesdescribewhatisindicativeofasuccessfuloutcome.

Favorablecanrefertopeople,conditions,orcircumstancesthatcontributeinapositivewaytotheattainmentofagoal.

Examples:

Ihopeyouwillgivefavorableconsiderationtomysuggestion.

Theperformancereceivedafavorablereview.

Propitiousimpliesafavorabletendencyorinclination.

Example:

Miraclesarepropitiousaccidents,thenaturalcausesofwhicharetoocomplicatedtobereadilyunderstood.

Auspiciousreferstowhatbyitsfavorablenaturepresagesgood