中考英语山西地区考点跟踪 第三轮 中考题型聚焦 题型七 词语运用.docx
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中考英语山西地区考点跟踪第三轮中考题型聚焦题型七词语运用
2019-2020年中考英语(山西地区)考点跟踪第三轮中考题型聚焦题型七词语运用
词语运用是一个得分率低、具有区分度的题型,做词语运用的时候,要注意以下几点:
一、明确词义,分类备词
拿到题目后,不要急于看文章,首先研究方框中所给的备选词汇,判断各个单词的词性,并且进行归类。
二、借助线索,初步归位
通读全文,结合所学语法知识及上下文语境初步选择符合文意的词,针对相关的语法知识,考生可以从以下几个方面着手:
1.如果空格后是谓语动词,且句子的其他内容完整,则该空格应考虑使用名词、人称代词、名词性物主代词、非谓语动词(谓语动词是单三形式时);
2.如果空格前是句子主语,空格后是宾语,此处应考虑动词,构成主谓宾结构;
3.如果空格后是名词,空格前有限定词,则此处应该填形容词或形容词性物主代词;
4.空格前如果有表示程度的副词alittle,abit,alot,much,even,still,far,rather等或空格后有than时,空格处应考虑用形容词或副词的比较级。
5.如果空格前是一般动词,则考虑空格处填写副词,同时要注意如果空格前是系动词、感官动词或be动词,则需要填形容词,构成主系表结构,此类系动词有become,turn,get,sound,feel等。
三、瞻前顾后,调整形式
经过初步归位后,我们还需要根据语境确定句意,根据语法调整词汇的适当形式,针对形式,考生可以从以下几点进行考虑:
1.名词重点注意名词的复数,其次也要注意名词的所有格及名词变形容词;
2.动词需要注意其单三形式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词,同时要熟悉每种时态及语态的结构,尤其是现在完成时、一般过去时及一般过去时的被动语态;
3.形容词要注意其副词形式、比较级和最高级,同时要考虑其变为名词的形式;
4.代词需注意代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词及反身代词;
5.数词需要注意基数词所对应的相应序数词形式。
四、通读全文,复核验证
复读短文,检查单词拼写是否正确,注意时态、语态、主谓一致和固定搭配,还有首字母的大小写。
(2016,山西)
根据语篇内容,用方框中所给词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连贯,并将答案写在相应的位置上。
方框中有两个词为多余项。
I make teach after large control
try leaf small quiet before without
Asachild,Igotangryquiteeasilyandwasnotgoodatcommunicatingwithothers.
Istillrememberitwasanearlyautumn.Some1.________startedtoturnyellowandtheweatherbecamecool.Oneday,asIwasgettingreadyforschool,mymothercarelesslyhandedmemyfather'svest(背心)insteadof2.________.Atthattime,Iwasgettingtohavea3.________sizethanmyfather,sowhenIputonthevest,IfeltasifIwasn'tabletobreathe!
Irealizedthatitwasasmallmistakewhich4.________bymymother,butsomehowthebreathlessfeelingwassostrongthatitmademeveryangry.Mymothersaidsorrywithasmile,butIshoutedather5.________thinkingmuch,IgotitoffmybodysowildlythatImadeaholeinit.Iputonmyownvestandrushedoutofthehouse6.________mymothercouldstopme.
Later,mymothersharedherbadfeelingswithmyfather,“Seewhatyoursonhasdone.”Insteadofsayinghewouldscold(责备)orbeatme,myfather7.________askedmymothertomendthevest.
Laterwhenmymothertoldmeaboutmyfather'sresponse,Ifeltashamed(惭愧的)ofmybadbehavior.Myfather'sgentlekindness8.________mealessonwhichIwouldneverforget.
Onthatday,Idecidednottoletanger9.________meanylonger.Ofcourse,therearetimeswhenIamangry.However,wheneverthathappens,I10.________toremembermyfather'svest.Italwaysremindsmetothinkaboutothers'feelingswhenIgetangry.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
主要讲述了作者之前容易生气,在撕破一个背心后父亲的表现让作者意识到了自己的错误。
文章旨在告诉我们:
当你生气的时候,要学着去考虑别人的感受。
【词汇分析】
Ipron.我→me(宾格)→my(形容词性物主代词)→mine(名词性物主代词)→myself(反身代词)
makev.制作;使→made(过去式/过去分词)→making(动名词/现在分词)→tomake(动词不定式)
teachv.教→taught(过去式/过去分词)→teaching(动名词/现在分词)→toteach(动词不定式)
afterconj.在……之后
largeadj.大的→larger(比较级)→largest(最高级)
controlv.控制→controlled(过去式/过去分词)→controlling(动名词/现在分词)→tocontrol(动词不定式)
tryv.尝试→tried(过去式/过去分词)→trying(动名词/现在分词)→totry(动词不定式)
leafn.树叶→leaves(复数)
smalladj.小的→smaller(比较级)→smallest(最高级)
quietadj.安静的→quieter(比较级)→quietest(最高级)
beforeconj.在……之前
withoutprep.没有→with(反义词)
【答案详解】
1.leaves 【解析】根据句意:
我依然记得那是一个早秋。
一些________开始变黄,并且天气开始变凉爽了。
季节为秋天,树叶开始变黄了,结合所给词可知leaf符合语境。
由空格前的“some”可知空格处用名词复数,故填leaves。
2.mine 【解析】根据句意:
一天,当我准备去学校的时候,我妈妈粗心地把我爸爸的背心而不是________递到我手里。
由语境可知,妈妈把我的背心拿错了。
结合所给词可知I符合语境,此处用代词I的名词性物主代词形式,mine相当于myvest。
3.larger 【解析】根据句意:
那时候,我穿的比我爸爸的尺码________,所以当我穿上背心的时候,我感觉我好像不能呼吸了。
由语境可知“我感觉自己不能呼吸”,可知“我比爸爸穿的尺码大”,结合所给词可知large符合语境,由句中的“than”可知应用large的比较级。
故填larger。
4.wasmade 【解析】根据句意:
我意识到这是一个由我妈妈制造的小错误,但是无论怎样这种呼吸困难的感觉是如此强烈以至于使我非常生气。
本句包含一个which引导的定语从句,which在定语从句中作主语,指代asmallmistake,由空格后的by可知此处是被动语态,句子的时态为一般过去时。
故填wasmade。
5.without 【解析】根据句意:
我妈妈带着微笑对我说抱歉,但是我________再三考虑就对她大喊。
由语境可知此处表示“我没有考虑就对妈妈大吼”,空格后为动词thinking,故空格前用介词without符合句意和语法。
6.before 【解析】根据句意:
在我妈妈能够阻止我________,我穿上自己的背心就冲出了房子。
分析句子结构可知空格处缺少一个连词,结合语境可知此处表示“在妈妈阻止我之前,我就冲出家门了”。
故填before。
7.quietly 【解析】根据句意:
他不是责备或者打我,我爸爸________让我妈妈把那个背心修补好。
分析句子成分可知,空格处缺少一个修饰动词asked的副词,结合所给词和句意可知quiet的副词形式符合句意和语法。
8.taught 【解析】根据句意:
我爸爸温柔的善良________我一个终生难忘的教训。
句中包含一个固定搭配“teachsb.alesson,给某人一个教训”。
句子的时态为一般过去时,故填taught。
9.control 【解析】根据句意:
在那天,我决定不再让生气________我。
根据语境可知此处表示“我决定不让生气控制我”,句中包含固定搭配“letsth.do”,故填control。
10.willtry 【解析】根据句意:
然而,无论什么时候(我生气的时候),我________记着我爸爸的背心。
分析句子结构可知空格处缺少谓语动词,由句中的“whenever”可知空格处谓语动词用将来时,句中包含固定搭配“trytodosth.”。
故填willtry。
Passage1(2015,山西)(导学号:
36422366)
so we who teach bright different
heeye show heart complete understand
Fewpeopletodayeducatethechildrenaboutthevalueofempathy(同情;同感).Mostpeoplefeelsohard1.to_showtheirloveandcaretowardsothersandtoactuallyunderstandwhattheyaregoingthrough.
WhenIwasachild,I2.was_taughttogooutofmywaytomakesomeoneelsehappy.Mymomwouldtellmetosayatleastonekindwordtosomeoneelseeveryday.Iadmitthatitwasn'tveryeasytodo.Butassoonasyouseethelookofthanksinthatperson's3.eyes,youjustwanttodoasmuchasyoucan.
Ihadanexperiencewithayoungman4.who/whompeoplewerealwaysmakingfunof.EverytimeIsawthathappening,Iknewinmyheartthatitwaswrong.IdecidedIwouldtrytobehisfriend.Istartedwalkingwithhimandintroducinghimtopeoplearound5.us.Iwasmakinghimhappybyjustdoingthat.AndIlovedthefactthatIwasreallymakinga6.differenceinhislife.
Afterawhile,Irealizedthathewasn'tthekindofpersoneverybodythoughthewas.Wearestillreallygoodfriendstoday.Peoplehavealmostpletelystoppedmakingfunofhim.Butheisstillwhathewas.Whathadchangedwastheattitudesofotherstowardshim.
FromthisexperienceI8.have_understoodthatIshouldbemorelovingtowardsotherpeoplealready.WhatIdidformyfriendwassoeasy,andatthesametimeIhadalotoffun,9.soIhopethateveryonecouldsayakindwordtosomeoneelseatleastonceaday.Icanpromiseitwillbethebestfeelingyoucaneverget.
Onekindwordcouldmakesomeone'sday10.brighter.Whynotdoitfromnowon?
Passage2(2014,山西)(导学号:
36422367)
I that thing stand anger serious
whofind near support danger everywhere
Foralongtime,Isawhappinessasahugebanneracrossthefinishlineofalongrace.IfeltthatonlywhenIcompletedcertain1.thingscouldIfinallybehappyinmylife.MostofthetimeIfeltlikeatortoise.Ibelievedthatbeingslowandstrongmindedwouldwintherace.AtothertimesIwouldactlikearabbit.Itrieddifferentroadsata2.dangerousspeed,hopingtoreachthatbanneralittlefaster.Gradually,IbegantoseethatnomatterhowlongIracedtowardsit,thebannernevergotany3.nearer.Ifinallydecidedonedaytositdownandtakearest.ItwasthenthatIsawmyhappinesssittingbeside4.me.
IthadbeenwithmeasIworkedhard5.to_supportmyfamily,asIplayedwithmychildrenandIheardtheirlaughterandevenwhenIwas6.seriouslyillwithmywifeatmysidelookingafterme.IthadbeenwithmeasIracedtowardsthatstupidbanner.Ijustdidn'thavetheabilitytoseeit.
Thereisanoldsaying7.thatgoes,“Tensioniswhoyouthinkyoushouldbe.Relaxationiswhoyouare.”Perhapsweallshouldstopourracetowardstheperfectlifewethinkweshouldhave.Weshouldenjoythelifewehavenow.Happinesswillnever8.be_foundundersomebannerfaraway.Youwillfinditinyourownheart,soulandmind.Youwillfinditwhenyourealizethatothersloveyoujustasyoudo.
Don'tbeatortoiseorarabbitwhenitcomestoyourhappiness.Beaplayfullittledogandcarryyourstickofjoywithyou9.everywhereyougo.Takeyourselfoutoftheraceandrealizethatwhenitcomestoloveandhappiness,you10.have_stoodtherealready.Happinessisjustaroundthecorner.
Passage3(2013,山西)(导学号:
36422368)
one fill quick write except interest
you late come story unless young
JustlookathowmuchyoungwriterslikeHanHanandGuoJingmingareloved,wemayknowwritinghasbecomeafashionamongtoday'steenagers.
GaoCan,a13yearoldgirl,isthe1.youngestmemberoftheAssociationofWritersofShaanxi.Shewritesfairytales,short2.stories,andmostofall,poems.Gaosaidshebeganpoemwritingwhenshewasinprimaryschool.Oncetheteacheraskedtheclass3.to_writeacompositioncalled“IfIwere...”.Gaohadanidea,“Whynotmakeitapoem?
”Thatwasher4.firstpoem,anditwonalotofcomplimentsfrombothherteacherandherclassmates.Sofar,hundredsofherpoems5.have_comeout.
“Writingpoemsisnotdifficultatall.Justexpress6.yourself/yourselves—whatyoudo,whatyouseeorwhatyouthink.”saidGao,“Idon'thaveenoughlifeexperience,soIwriteaboutnature,aboutthingsIfeelinside.”
However,teenagersthesedaysseldomwritepoemsorreadthembecauseexamswantanykindofarticles7.exceptpoems.
ButlikeGao,therearestillstudentswholikepoems.HuJingzhiisoneofthem.The14yearoldboysaidhewas8.interestedinpoemwriting.Butitwasannoyingthathecouldn'tfindmanypoemcollectionsinnearbybookshops.
GaoagreedwithHu.Shesaidtoday'sbookshops9.were_filledwithbookson“howtogiveasuccessfulspeech”,“howtoknowwhatothersthink”or“howtomakemoney10.quickly”.
“Poemswon'tteachyouhowtomakemoney,butthebeautifulwordsclearyourmindandactivateyourimagination.”saidGao,“Atleastreadpoems—forthenicethingsinlife.”
Passage1(2016,河南)(导学号:
36422369)
always talk count I below friend
or people send free around and
Nexttimeyou'reinapublicplace,takealookaroundyou.And1.counthowmanypeopleareusingtheirphones.Icantellyounowthatitisprobablymorethanhalf,whetheryou'reonabus,inacafé2.orsimplywalkingdownthestreet.
I'mnotsayingthatIamnotanexampleofthis,butit3.alwaysamazes(使惊愕)mehowpeoplecanspendsomuchtimeontheirphoneswithout4.talkingtoothers.Hasitgonetoofar?
Recently,mysmartphonebrokeandhadt