voa 听力文本小整理.docx

voa 听力文本小整理.docx

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voa听力文本小整理

UNUrgesIncreasedProtectionforHaitianRefugees

AnewreportbyRefugeesInternational,aWashington-basedrefugeeadvocacygroup,issharplycriticalofconditionsintherefugeecampsinHaiti.Nearly10monthsaftertheearthquakedevastatedthecountry,thereportsaysthepeopleofHaitiarestilllivinginastateofemergency,withahumanitarianresponsethatappearsparalyzed.

RefugeesInternationalsayssexual,domesticandgangviolenceinandaroundtherefugeecampsisrising.ThereportaddsthereisanurgentneedforexperiencedU.N.personnelandresourcesforhumanitarianprotection,andsaysthatactionisurgentlyneededtoprotectthebasichumanrightsofpeopledisplacedbytheearthquake.

Questionedaboutthereport,U.N.spokespersonMartinNesirkysaidithighlightssomeveryimportantmattersincludingtheprotection,especially,ofwomen

AwomanstandsnexttomakeshifttentsatacampsetupforearthquakesurvivorslefthomelessinPort-au-Prince,onemonthafteramagnitude7earthquakestruckHaiti,Feb2010

"Thathasbeenamajorconcernforeverybodyrightfromthestart,"saidNesirky."Andweobviouslysharethoseconcernsandwealsowanttoseeincreasedprotectioncapacitywhenitcomestotacklingsexualviolence,which,asyouknow,isprimarilyagainstwomenandgirls.Measureshavealreadybeentaken,asyouknow,toimproveprotection-andthatincludespatrollingcampsandhavinga24-hourpresenceofU.N.troopsandpoliceofficersinsomecampswheretheproblemsareparticularlyserious."

TheU.N.spokespersonsaid559U.N.policeofficersarepermanentlypresentinsixoftheHaitianrefugeecampsandthat614U.N.militarypersonnelarestationedinsixofthelargestcamps.

"ItisworthnotingthatsexualviolencehasbeenaseriousprobleminHaitilongbeforetheearthquake,anditalsocontinuestobeaseriousproblemoutsideofthecamps,aswell.AsIsay,thisisnocomfortforthepeopleinthosecampsandweneedtoworkveryhardonthat,"saidNesirky.

RefugeesInternationalalsoacknowledgesgender-basedviolencehasalwaysbeenaprobleminHaiti,butnotestherehasbeenasignificantincreaseinsexualviolencereportssincetheJanuaryearthquakeandtherehavebeenreportsofincreasingdomesticviolenceinthestressfullivingconditionsintherefugeecamps.

JoeDeCapua

11October2010

SwazilandhasoneofthehighestHIVprevalenceratesintheworld-26percentforthosebetweentheagesof15and29.Buttodealwiththeepidemic,healthofficialsmustdomorethanincreasetreatment,careandpreventionefforts.Theymustalsoaddressanotherdiseasethat'stargetingHIV-positivepeoplemoreandmoreoften–tuberculosis.

MuchprogresshasbeenmadeinextendingthelivesofpeoplelivingwithHIV,theAIDSvirus.Anti-retroviraldrugs–orARVs–canliterallypullpeoplebackfromdeath'sdoor.

It'sestimatedthataboutfivemillionpeopleworldwidearecurrentlyreceivingthedrugs.However,it'sbelievedasmanyas10millionpeopleactuallyneedthem.WithoutARVs,HIVcanweakenordestroytheimmunesystem,leavingthebodydefenselessagainstmanyopportunisticinfections.

Oneofthemistuberculosis,whichcanoftenkillmuchmorequicklythanHIV.SohealthofficialsnowlookatHIVandTBincombinationindealingwiththeAIDSpandemic.

HIV/TB

Dr.MaryKathrynLinde,whorecentlyvisitedSwaziland,says,"BecauseoftheprominenceofAIDSinthatcountry,theresistancetoorganismslikeTBismuchloweredinthegeneralpopulation.Andsoitistransmittedmoreeasily.Andthenonceanindividualhasittheydon'thavetheimmuneresistancetobeabletocombatit.Andsoit'stakenaterribletoll."

ASCP

Dr.MaryKathrynLindeinSwaziland

TohelpSwazilanddealwiththegrowingTBthreat,hundredsofthousandsofdollarsarebeingspenttorenovateaTBtestingfacilityinMbabane.It'sajointeffortbytheAmericanSocietyforClinicalPathology（ASCP）,theU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandDoctorsWithoutborders.

Dr.Linde,whorepresentsthepathologygroup,saysahighqualitylabplaysavitalroleincontrollingthespreadofTB.

"It'ssoimportanttohavethecorrectdiagnosisandaveryrapid,timelydiagnosissothatthepatientcanbetreated.Thepatient[s]can'tbetreateduntiltheyarediagnosed,"shesays.

AlabthatmeetsstandardssetbytheCentersforDiseaseControlalsomakesitmucheasierforpatients.

Lindesays,"Anotherproblemisthatthepeoplehavetotraveltogettothelaboratory.Andtheydon'thavethemoneytoactuallydothat.Andtheniftheyhavetocomebacktheymaynotbeabletoaffordtocomebackormaynotbephysicallyabletocomeback.Theyneedtobediagnosedasrapidlyaspossibleandbetreatedasrapidlyaspossible."

DanRobinson|WhiteHouse

11October2010

Photo:

AP

PresidentBarackObamapushesforhis$50-billioninfrastructure-investmentproposalasawaytocreatemorejobs,withSecretaryofTreasuryTimothyGeithner,left,andSecretaryofTransportationRayLaHood,right,attheWhiteHouseinWashington,11Oct2010

SayingtheUnitedStateslagsbehindChinaandothernationsindealingwithacrumblinginfrastructure,PresidentBarackObamahasrenewedacallforactiontorepairroads,bridgesandairports.

AnewreportbytheTreasuryDepartmentandWhiteHouseCouncilofEconomicAdviserssaystheUnitedStatesnowspendstwopercentofitsGrossDomesticProductoninfrastructure,withoverallspendingfallingby50percentsince1960.

Incontrast,itnotesChinaspendsaboutninepercentoninfrastructure,andEuropeaboutfivepercent.Itisclear,thereportstates,thatpersistentneglectwillaffectAmerica'scompetitivepositionwiththerestoftheworld.

PresidentObamametforaboutanhourwithkeystategovernors,citymayorsandCabinetofficials.IntheWhiteHouseRoseGarden,hespokeabouttheconsequencesof"woefullyinefficientandoutdated"infrastructureforcurrentandfutureeconomicgrowth.

"Thebottomlineisourshort-sightednesshascomedue.Wecannolongeraffordtositstill.Whatweneedisasmartsystemofinfrastructureequaltotheneedsofthe21stcentury,asystemthatencouragessustainablecommunitieswitheasieraccesstoourjobs,toourschools,toourhomes."

InSeptember,thepresidentaskedCongressforaninitial$50billiontobeginasix-yearplanofinfrastructureupgrades,spendingheinsistswillbeoffsetbyendingacollectionofoilandgasindustrytaxbreaks.

ButlegislativeactionwillhavetowaituntilCongressreturnsaftertheNovember2midtermelections,atwhichpointoneorbothchamberscouldbecontrolledbyRepublicans,whohavesharplycriticizedObama'sstimulusspending.

Saying"thereisnoreasonwhytheworld'sbestinfrastructureshouldliebeyondU.S.borders,"Mr.Obamacitedexamplesofothercountries,includingChina,thathesaidarerecognizingtheimportanceofinvestingtodayfortomorrow.

"RightnowChinaisbuildinghundredsofthousandsofmilesofnewroads.Overthenext10yearsitplanstobuilddozensofnewairports.Overthenext20itcouldbuildasmanyas170newmasstransitsystems.Everywhereelsetheyarethinkingbig,theyarecreatingjobstoday,buttheyarealsoplanningtowintomorrow,"saidPresidentObama.

TransportationSecretaryRayLaHood,aRepublican,voicedoptimismaboutprospectsforbipartisancooperationwhenCongressreturns.HealsolashedoutatcriticsofObamaeconomicstimulus.

"There[are]thousandsofpeopleworking,14,000projectstoday.Theideathatourstimulusdidnotworkisnonsense,"saidLaHood.

AseparaterecentstudycontainedrecommendationssimilartotheObamaadministrationreport,anditestimatedthefederalgovernment,plusstateandlocalgovernments,wouldhavetospendasmuchas$194billionsimplytorepairexistinginfrastructure.

PresidentObamasaidtheUnitedStateshaddeferreddecisionsonrepairingaginghighways,raillinesandotherinfrastructureforyears,hinderingeconomicgrowth.Healsoindirectlylinkedtheissuewiththeupcomingcongressionalelections,sayingAmericansfaceachoicebetweendeclineandprosperity,andbetweenthepastandthefuture.

BrianPadden|Hanoi

11October2010

Photo:

AP

DefenseSecretaryRobertGates,left,andChina'sMinisterofDefenseLiangGuanglieshakehandsbeforeameetinginHanoi,Vietnam,11Oct.2010

AttheASEANDefenseMinistersmeetinginHanoi,ChineseMinisterofDefenseLiangGuanglieinvitedhisU.S.counterpartDefenseSecretaryRobertGatestovisitChina,inwhatseemslikeaneasingofmilitarytensionsintheregion.

DiplomacyappearstobemakingsomeprogressinreducingtensionsattheASEANPlusEightdefenseministers'meeting.TheAssociationofSoutheastAsianNationsinvitedtheUnitedStates,China,Japan,RussiaandotherregionalpowerstoaddresssecurityissuesinthePacific.

Chinaresumesmilitaryrelations

ByinvitingDefenseSecretaryRobertGatestovisitnextyear,Chinaisresuminghigh-levelmilitaryrelationswiththeUnitedStates.Earlierintheyear,ChinasuspendedmilitarycontactsbecauseofU.S.plannedarmssalestoTaiwan.

TheChineseDefenseMinisteralsosaidtalkswithJapan'sdefenseofficialswerepositive.TensionsbetweenthetwocountrieshaveincreasedafteraChinesefishingboatcollidedwithJapanesecoastguardpatrolshipsinwatersclaimedbybothsides.

U.S.supportforSoutheastAsia

Earlierintheday,speakingtomembersofthemilitaryandstudentsattheVietnamNationalUniversityinHanoi,SecretaryGatessentamessagetoreassureSoutheastAsia.

"IthinkallAsiacanbeconfidentthattheU.S.intendstoremainengagedinAsiaaswehavebeenforsom