hfohsg8年大学英语六级A卷真题与答案.docx

hfohsg8年大学英语六级A卷真题与答案.docx

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hfohsg8年大学英语六级A卷真题与答案

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1我们‖打〈败〉了敌人。

　　②我们‖〔把敌人〕打〈败〉了。

2008年6月大学英语六级A卷真题

PartIWriting（30minutes）

WillE-booksReplaceTraditionalBooks?

1.随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多；

2.有人认为电子图书将会取代传统图书，理由是…

3.我的看法。

PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

WhatWilltheWorldBeLikeinFiftyYears?

Thisweeksometopscientists,includingNobelPrizewinners,gavetheirvisionofhowtheworldwilllookin2056,fromgas-poweredcarstoextraordinaryhealthadvances,JohnInghamreportsonwhattheworld’sfinestmindsbelieveourfutureswillbe.

Forthoseofusluckyenoughtolivethatlong,2056willbeaworldofalmostperpetualyouth,whereobesityisaremotememoryandrobotsbecomeourcompanions.

Wewillberubbingshoulderswithaliensandcolonisingouterspace.Betterstill,ourdescendantsmightatlastliveinaworldatpeacewithitself.

Thepredictionisthatwewillhavefoundasourceofinexhaustible,safe,greenenergy,andthatsciencewillhavekilledoffreligion.Iftheyarerightwewillhaveremovedtwoofthemaincausesofwar-ourdependenceonoilandreligiousprejudice.

Willwereally,astoday’sscientistsclaim,beabletoliveforeveroratleastcheattheageingprocesssothattheaveragepersonlivesto150?

Ofcourse,allthesepredictionscomewithascientifichealthwarning.HarvardprofessorStevenPinkersays:

“Thisisaninvitationtolookfoolish,aswiththepredictionsofdomedcitiesandnuclear-poweredvacuumcleanersthatweremade50yearago.”

Livinglonger

AnthonyAtala,directoroftheWakeForestInstituteinNorthCarolina,believesfailingorganswillberepairedbyinjectingcellsintothebody.Theywillnaturallygostraighttotheinjuryandhelphealit.Asystemofinjectionswithoutneedlescouldalsoslowtheageingprocessbyusingthesameprocessto“tune”cells.

BruceLahn,professorofhumangeneticsattheUniversityofChicago,anticipatestheabilitytoproduce“unlimitedsupplies”oftransplantablehumanorganswithouttheneedforhumandonors.Theseorganswouldbegrowninanimalssuchaspigs.Whenapatientneededaneworgan,suchasakidney,thesurgeonwouldcontactacommercialorganproducer,givehimthepatient’simmunologicalprofileandwouldthenbesentakidneywiththecorrecttissuetype.

Theseorganswouldbeentirelycomposedofhumancells,grownbyintroducingthemintoanimalhosts,andallowingthemtodevelopintoanorganinplaceoftheanimal’sown.ButProf.Lahnbelievesthatfarmedbrainswouldbe“offlimits”.Hesays:

“Veryfewpeoplewouldwanttohavetheirbrainsreplacedbysomeoneelse’sandweprobablydon’twanttoputahumanbraininananimalbody.”

RichardMiller,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,thinksscientistcoulddevelop“authenticanti-ageingdrugs”byworkingouthowcellsinlargeranimalssuchaswhalesandhumanresistmanyformsofinjuries.Hesays:

“Itisnowroutine,inlaboratorymammals,toextendlifespanbyabout40%.Turningonthesameprotectivesystemsinpeopleshould,by2056,createthefirstclassof100-year-oldswhoareasvigorousandproductiveastoday’speopleintheir60s”

Aliens

ColinPillinger,professorofplanetarysciencesattheOpenUniversity,says:

IfancythatatleastwewillbeabletoshowthatlifedidstarttoevolveonMarswellasEarth.”Within50yearshehopesscientistswillprovethatalienlifecamehereinMartianmeteorites（陨石）.

ChrisMcKay,aplanetaryscientistatNASA’sAmesResearchCenter.believesthatin50yearswemayfindevidenceofalienlifeintheancientpermanentfrostofMarsoronotherplaners.

Headds:

ThereisevenachancewewillfindalienlifeformshereonEarth.ItmightbeasdifferentasEnglishistoChinese.

PrincetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksit“likely”thatlifeformouterspacewillbediscoveredbefore2056becausethetoolsforfindingit,suchasopticalandradiodetectionanddataprocessing,areimproving.

Hesays:

“Assoonasthefirstevidenceisfound,wewillknowwhattolookforandadditionaldiscoveriesarelikelytofollowquickly.Suchdiscoveriesarelikelytohaverevolutionaryconsequencesforbiology,astronomyandphilosophy.Theymayalsochangethewaywelookatourselvesandourplaceintheuniverse.”

Coloniesinspace

RichardGott,professorofastrophysicsatPrinceton,hopesmanwillsetupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,whichwouldbea“lifeinsurancepolicyagainstwhatevercatastrophes,naturalorotherwise,mightoccuronEarth.

“TherealspaceraceiswhetherwewillcoloniseoffEarthontootherworldsbeforemoneyforthespaceprogrammerunsout.”

Spinalinjuries

EllenHeber-Katz,aprofessorattheWistarInstituteinPhiladelphia,foreseescuresforinjuriescausingparalysissuchastheonethatafflictedSupermanstarChristopherReeve.

Shesays:

“Ibelievethatthedayisnotfaroffwhenwewillbeabletoprescribedrugsthatcausesevered（断裂的）spinalcordstoheal,heartstoregenerateandlostlimbstoregrow.”

“Peoplewillcometoexpectthatinjuredordiseasedorgansaremeanttoberepairedfromwithin,inmuchthesamewaythatwefixanapplianceorautomobile:

byreplacingthedamagedpartwithamanufacturer-certifiednewpart.”Shepredictsthatwithin5to10yearsfingersandtoeswillberegrownandlimbswillstarttoberegrownafewyearslater.Repairstothenervoussystemwillstartwithopticnervesand,intime,thespinalcord.”Within50yearswholebodyreplacementwillberoutine,”Prof.Heber-Katzadds.

Obesity

SydneyBrenner,seniordistinguishedfellowoftheCrick-JacobsCenterinCalifornia,wonthe2002NobelPrizeforMedicineandsaysthatifthereisaglobaldisastersomehumanswillsurvive-andevolutionwillfavoursmallpeoplewithbodieslargeenoughtosupporttherequiredamountofbrainpower.”Obesity,”hesays.”willhavebeensolved.”

Robots

RodneyBrooks,professorofroboticsatMIT,saystheproblemsofdevelopingartificialintelligenceforrobotswillbeatleastpartlyovercome.Asaresult,“thepossibilitiesforrobotsworkingwithpeoplewillopenupimmensely”

Energy

BillJoy,greentechnologyexpertinCalifornia,says:

”Themostsignificantbreakthroughwouldbetohaveaninexhaustiblesourceofsafe,greenenergythatissubstantiallycheaperthananyexistingenergysource.”

Ideally,suchasourcewouldbesafeinthatitcouldnotbemadeintoweaponsandwouldnotmakehazardousortoxicwasteorcarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegasblamedforglobalwarming.

Society

GeoffreyMiller,evolutionarypsychologistattheUniversityofNewMexico,says:

TheUSwillfollowtheUKinrealizingthatreligionisnotaprerequisite（前提）forordinaryhumandecency.

“This,sciencewillkillreligion-notbyreasonchallengingfaithbutbyofferingamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkforhumaninteraction.”

Healsopredictsthat“absurdlywasteful”displaysofwealthwillbecomeunfashionablewhiletheimportanceofclose-knitcommunitiesandfamilieswillbecomeclearer.

Thesethreechanger,hesays,willhelpmakeusall”brighter,wiser,happierandkinder”.

1.Whatisjohnlngham’sreportabout?

A）AsolutiontotheglobalenergycrisisB）Extraordinaryadvancesintechnology.

C）ThelatestdevelopmentsofmedicalscienceD）Scientists’visionoftheworldinhalfacentury

2.AccordingtoHarvardprofessorStevenPinker,predictionsaboutthefuture_____.

A）mayinvitetroubleB）maynotcometrueC）willfoolthepublicD）domoreharmthangood

3.ProfessorBruceLahnoftheUniversityofChicagopredictsthat____.

A）humanswon’thavetodonateorgansfortransplantationB）morepeoplewilldonatetheirorgansfortransplantation

C）animalorganscouldbetransplantedintohumanbodiesD）organtransplantationwon’tbeasscaryasitistoday

4.AccordingtoprofessorRichardMilleroftheUniversityofMichigan,peoplewill____.

A）lifeforaslongastheywishB）berelievedfromallsufferings

C）liveto100andmorewithvitalityD）beabletolivelongerthanwhales

5.PricetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksthat____.

A）scientistswillfindalienlifesimilartooursB）humanswillbeabletosettleonMars

C）alienlifewilllikelybediscoveredD）lifewillstarttoevolveonMars

6.AccordingtoPrincetonprofessorRichardGott,bysettingupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,Humans_____.

A）mightsurviveallcatastrophesonearthB）mightacquireamplenaturalresources

C）WillbeabletotraveltoMarsfreelyD）Willmovetheretoliveabetterlife

7.EllenHeber-Katz,professorattheWistarInstituteinPhiladelphia,predictsthat_____.

A）humanorganscanbemanufacturedlikeappliancesB）peoplewillbeasstronganddynamicassupermen

C）humannervescanbereplacedbyopticfibersD）lostfingersandlimbswillbeabletoregrow

8.RodneyBrookssaysthatitwillbepossibleforrobotstoworkwithhumansasaresultofthedevelopmentof_____

9.ThemostsignificantbreakthroughpredictedbyBillJoywillbeaninexhaustiblegreenenergysourcethatcan’tbeusedtomake__.

10.AccordingtoGeoffreyMiller,sciencewillofferamorepractical,universalandrewardingmoralframeworkinplaceof_______.

PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

11.A）ThemanmightbeabletoplayintheWorldCup.B）Theman’sfootballcareerseemstobeatanend.

C）Themanwasoperatedonafewweeksago.D）Themanisafanofworld-famousfootballplayers.

12.A）WorkoutaplantotightenhisbudgetB）Findouttheopeninghoursofthecafeteria.

C）Applyforaseniorpositionintherestaurant.D）Solvehisproblembydoingapart-timejob.

13.A）Afinancialburden.B）AgoodcompanionC）Arealnuisance.D）Awell-trainedpet.

14.A）Theerror