人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理.docx

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人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理.docx

人教版高中英语必修4重点词汇语法知识点讲解整理

高中英语必修4知识点讲解

必修4Unit1Womenofachievement知识点讲解

重点词汇

1.achieve

【课文原句】Shehasachievedeverythingshewantedtodo…(P3)

【名师点拨】achievev.意为“完成;达到”,指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。

其名词形式为achievement,意为“成就;功绩”,asenseofachievement可指“成就感”。

如:

Hehadfinallyachievedsuccess.

Evenasmallsuccessgivesyouasenseofachievement.

2.condition

【课文原句】Shehelpedimproveprisonconditionsandgaveprisonersworkandeducation.(P1)

【名师点拨】condition意为“环境;境况;条件”时,是可数名词,常用复数形式conditions;意为“状态;状况”时,是不可数名词,beingoodcondition表示“处于良好的状态”,beoutofcondition表示“健康状况不佳”。

如:

 Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothepoorlivingunderthebadconditions.

 Theastronautssoongotusedtotheconditionofweightlessness.

 Mycarisoldbutingoodcondition.

 Heisoverweightandoutofcondition.

【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时,常用短语onconditionthat,表示“如果;在……条件下”;在美国英语中,也经常用undertheconditionthat。

如:

IwillcomeonconditionthatPeterisinvited.

Theyagreedundertheconditionthatthematterbedealtwithquickly.

3.devote

【课文原句】ShedevotedallherlifetomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.(P1)

【名师点拨】devotevt.意为“投入于;献身”,其宾语后常与介词to搭配,to后接名词、代词或动名词。

devote…to…意为“献身;致力于”,指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。

如:

Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.

Thegirl,towhomhewasdevoted,diedinatrafficaccidentbychance.

Afterhehasretired,hewilldevotehimselftogardening.

4.behave

【课文原句】Janehasstudiedtheseanimalsformanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.(P2)

【名师点拨】behavevi&vt.意为“举动;举止;行为表现”,如behavewell/badly等。

其名词形式为behaviour,指“行为;态度;举止”。

如:

Theparentsencouragedthechildrentobehavewellinfrontoftheguests.

Mycamerahasbeenbehavingwellsinceitwasrepaired.

Everyonepraisesthechildren'sgoodbehaviour.

5.worthwhile

【课文原句】Buttheeveningmakesitallworthwhile.(P2)

【名师点拨】worthwhileadj.意为“值得做的;值得出力的”,可作表语或定语。

beworthwhiletodo/doingsth表示“值得做……”,在动词-ing形式的结构中,worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth,特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。

如:

Ithinkteachingschoolisalwaysaworthwhilejob.

Thebookreferredtobytheprofessorisworthwhile/worthreading.

6.observe

【课文原句】Janespentmanyyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdailyactivities.(P2)

【名师点拨】observevt.意为“观察;观测;遵守”,可用observesbdosth,observe+that从句。

其名词形式为observation。

如:

Iobservedthemanwhomurderedtheboyentertheshop.

Heobservedthatweshouldprobablyhaverain.

Mostinformationwascollectedbydirectobservationoftheanimals’behaviour.

7.argue

【课文原句】Shehasarguedforthemtobeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.(P2)

【名师点拨】argue作动词时,意为“争论;争吵;争辩”。

arguefor意为“为……辩护”;arguewithsbabout/oversth指“就某事和某人争论”;argueagainst意为“据理反对;争辩……”。

如:

Itisnousearguingfortheplanbecauseithasbeenrejected.

Wearealwaysarguingwitheachotheraboutmoney. 

Fatherarguedfiercelyagainstanyincreaseinexpenditureforthechildren’sannualparty.

【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument,意为“争论;争端;论证”,常构成短语settleanargument指“解决争端”。

9.carefor

【课文原句】Itwasasmallbookexplaininghowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabiesbyfollowingsomerulesforkeepingbabiescleanandhealthy.(P6)

【名师点拨】carefor可以表示lookafter的意思,意为“照顾;照料”,且较正式;也可表示“喜欢”的意思。

如:

Hissoncaredforhimwhenhewasill.

Infact,Idon’treallycareforbasketball.

另外,在上面的句子中,explain意为“解释,说明”,后可接名词、代词、从句或wh+todo作宾语,可用explainsthtosb或explaintosbsth。

如:

Willyouexplaintoushowwecanfinishtheworkassoonaspossible?

【知识拓展】careabout意为“介意;在乎”,表示是否认为某事是重要的,某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。

最常用于疑问句或否定句中。

about用在宾语前面,但是在连词前面一般省掉。

 Idon’tcareaboutyouropinion.

 Idon’tcarewhetheritrains—I’mhappy.

10.intend

【课文原句】Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealisedthatitwasintendedforwomenwholivedinthecountryside.(P6)

【名师点拨】intendv.意为“打算;计划;想要”。

intendtodosth意为“想干某事”;intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。

intendfor表示“原打算给某人;准备让……干……”。

如:

Iintendedtocometoyourhouselastnightbutitrained.

           Iintendcoming/tocomebacksoon.

           Hehadn’treallyintendedthattheyshouldbethere.

           Thisgiftisintendedforyou.

热点语法

主谓一致用法难点小结:

一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。

1.集合名词有family,team,group,party,class,public,club,crew,crowd,enemy,audience,company,committee,government,population等,当被看作一个整体时,表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式;如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员,表示复数意义,谓语动词则用复数形式。

即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。

如:

Myclassisabigone,includingthirtyboysandthirtygirls.

Myclassareworkinghardforthecomingexam.

2.有些集合名词作主语时,谓语只能用复数形式,如:

people,thepolice,themilitary,mankind,cattle等。

如:

Thepolicearesearchingforthelostchild.

二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。

不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,noone,nobody,nothing,each,theother等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

如:

 Everythinggoeswellwithme.

 EachofthestudentsinourclasshasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

三、“名词+名词”作主语时的主谓一致。

       当表示同一人物或观点时,谓语动词用单数。

如:

Anovelistandplaywrightiscomingtoourschool.这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”,是同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数。

       如果是Anovelistandaplaywright作主语,这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”,是两个人,所以谓语动词用复数,该句应改为:

Anovelistandaplaywrightarecomingtoourschool.

四、The+adj.作主语时的主谓一致。

       当The+adj.表示抽象的含义时,谓语动词用单数。

如:

Thebeautifulisthetrue.

当The+adj.表示该类全体的含义时,谓语动词用复数。

如:

Therichshouldhelpthepoor.

必修4Unit2Workingtheland知识点讲解

Unit2Workingtheland

PhrasesandIdioms

1.besatisfied(with):

pleasedbecauseyouhavegotwhatyouwant 

1) Janeisn'tquitesatisfiedwiththewaythebarbercutherhair.

2) Ifyouarenotcompletelysatisfied,youcangetyourmoneyback.

3) Iamnotreallysatisfiedwiththejobyoudid.

2.referto:

a) mentionorspeakaboutsomeoneorsomething 

b) tolookatahookmap,pieceofpaper,etc,forinformation

1) Weagreednevertorefertothematteragain.

2) Althoughshedidn'tmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhoshewas  referringto.

3) Hegavethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotesevenonce.

3.wouldrather:

usedtosaywhatsomeoneprefers 

1)Itseemsyouwouldratherplaythanwork.

2)Shewouldratherdiethanlosethechildren.

3) Iwouldratherstarvethanbedependentonanyoneagain.

4.thankstosb/sth:

becauseofsb./sth.

1) Iwaslatethankstotheheavytraffic.

2) ItwasthankstohisadvicethatIsucceeded.

3) We'vecollected$50,000forthepoor,thankstothegenerosityofthepublic.

5. ridofsb/sth:

becomefreeof

1) Willscience-finallyridusofthisdisease?

2) Doyouthinkitpossibletoridtheworldofnuclearweapons?

3) Byworkingharddayandnight,sheistryingtoridherselfoflonelinessandsadness.

6.leada...life:

liveinthewaywhatyoulifeislike 

1) Beforeliberation,mygrandpaledadog'slife.

2) Iftheoperationsucceeds,thepatientwillbeabletoleadanormallife.

3) Mrs.Blackisretiredandleadsaquietandpeacefullifeinamountainvillage.

7.careabout:

love; beinterestedin;beconcernedwith

1) Justlisteningtosomebodyshowsyoucareaboutthem.

2) Yourparentsareonlydoingthisbecausetheycareaboutyou.

3) Theonlythingthisrich-andgreedymanseemstocareaboutismoney.

8. insistonsth/doingsth:

todemandthatsomethingmustbedoneorthatyoumusthaveaparticularthing 

1) Theschoolinsistsongoodbehaviourfromitsstudents.

2) Johninsistedondoingalltheworkhimself,thoughhewasinpoorhealth.

3) TheoldmaninsistedonhelpingmefindataxieventhoughItoldhimIdidn'tneedanyhelp.

必修4Unit3Atasteofhumor知识点讲解

Unit3重点汇集

1.content

【课文原句】Perhapsitmakesusfeelmorecontentwithourlifebecausewefeelthereissomeoneelseworseoffthanourselves.(P17)

【名师点拨】contentadj.意为“满足的;满意的”,becontenttodo意为“乐意去做某事”;becontentwithsb/sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”,相当于bepleasedwith或besatisfiedwith。

如:

I’mcontenttohelpyoutosetupawebsiteontheInternet.

Thosewhoarenotcontentwiththeprogresstheyhavemadewillhavegreatersuccess.

注:

worseoff是badlyoff的比较级,意思是“境况比……更差”;betteroff意为“境况比……好”。

如:

Tomysurprise,Ifoundhislivingconditionsweremuchworseoffthanmine.

Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,moreandmorepeoplearebetteroff.

【知识拓展】content还可作动词,意为“使满足”;作名词时,表示“满足;心满意足”,也可表示“(书、报纸等的)内容;目录;含量”。

如:

Myexplanationseemedtocontenthim.

Nowshebegantoliveinpeaceandcontent.

We'vediscussedtheunusualformofthebook—now,whataboutthecontent?

2.astonish

【课文原句】However,someactorscanastonishuswiththedeepfeelingstheycaninspireinusforacharactertheyareplaying.(P17)

【名师点拨】astonishvt.意为“使大为吃惊;使惊异”,比surprise程度强,比shock程度弱。

如:

Iwasastonishedtohearthattheprofessorhadbrokendownbecauseofhishardwork.

Iwasastonishedbyhowmuchshe'dgrown.

【知识拓展】

(1)astonishingadj.意为“令人惊异的”。

如:

Theastonishingnewsmadetheworldastonished,andagreatmanypeopleexpressedtheiropinionsontheInternet.

(2)astonishedadj.指(某人)处于惊异、吃惊状况,常用beastonishedatsth。

如:

HewasastonishedatwhatTomhadsaidanddone.

(3)astonishmentn.意为“惊讶”,可用toone’sastonishment表示“使某人吃惊的是”。

如:

Tomyastonishment,shestillrememberedmybirthday.

3.particular

【课文原句】Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.(P17)

【名师点拨】particularadj.意为“专指的;特别的;格外的;不寻常的”。

beparticularabout/oversth意为“对某事很讲究/很挑剔”。

inparticular意为“特别地”。

如:

Therewasnothinginthenewspaperofparticularimportance.

I'mnotparticularaboutmyclothes;Idon'tmindwhatIwear.

Hetalkedabouttheballgamesingeneralandtalkedaboutfootballinparticular.

Whatinparticulardidyoulikeaboutthelastapartmentthatwesaw?

4.worn-out

【课文原句】Heplayedapoorandhomelessperson,whoworelargetrousers,worn-outshoesandasmallroundblackhatandcarriedawalkingstick.(P18)

【名师点拨】worn-outadj.

(1)意为“磨损的;损坏的;穿破的(用坏的以至完全无用的)”。

如:

Sinceyourshoesareworn-out,

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