整理考研英语一真题及答案.docx

整理考研英语一真题及答案.docx

《整理考研英语一真题及答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《整理考研英语一真题及答案.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

整理考研英语一真题及答案

2010年考研英语一真题及答案

编辑整理：

尊敬的读者朋友们：

这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2010年考研英语一真题及答案）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2010年考研英语一真题及答案的全部内容。

2010年考研英语一

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A］,[B］,[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

In1924American’NationalResearchCouncilsenttoengineerstosuperviseaseriesofindustrialexperimentsatalargetelephone—partsfactorycalledtheHawthornePlantnearChicago。

Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowstop-floorlignting__1__workersproductivity.Instead,thestudiesended__2___givingtheirnametothe“Hawthorneeffect"，theextremelyinfluentialideathatthevery___3____tobeingexperimenteduponchangedsubjects’behavior。

Theideaarosebecauseofthe__4____behaviorofthewomenintheHawthorneplant.Accordingto__5____oftheexperiments，theirhourlyoutputrosewhenlightingwasincreased，butalsowhenitwasdimmed。

Itdidnot__6____whatwasdoneintheexperiment；___7_sometingwaschanged，productivityrose.A（n）___8___thattheywerebeingexperimenteduponseemedtobe____9___toalterworkers’behavior____10____itself。

Afterseveraldecades,thesamedatawere_11__toeconometrictheanalysis。

Hawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestore_12__thedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematic_13__wasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.

Itturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingtheexperimentsmaybehaveletto__14__interpretationofwhathapped.__15___，lightingwasalwayschangedonaSunday。

WhenworkstartedagainonMonday,output__16___rosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayand__17__toriseforthenextcoupleofdays。

__18__,acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexperimentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentuponMonday,workers__19__tobediligentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase,before__20__aplateauandthenslackeningoff.Thissuggeststhatthealleged"Hawthorneeffect“ishardtopindown。

1.[A］affected[B］achieved［C]extracted[D］restored

2.［A]at［B］up［C]with［D]off

3。

［A］truth［B］sight[C］act[D］proof

4。

[A]controversial[B］perplexing[C］mischievous［D］ambiguous

5。

[A]requirements［B]explanations［C]accounts［D］assessments

6。

[A]conclude[B］matter［C]indicate［D］work

7.［A］asfaras［B]forfearthat[C]incasethat[D］solongas

8。

[A］awareness［B]expectation[C]sentiment[D］illusion

9。

［A］suitable［B］excessive[C]enough[D］abundant

10。

[A］about［B]for[C]on[D］by

11.[A]compared[B］shown[C］subjected［D］conveyed

12。

［A]contraryto[B］consistentwith［C］parallelwith［D］pealliarto

13.[A]evidence[B]guidance[C]implication[D]source

14。

［A］disputable[B］enlightening［C]reliable[D]misleading

15.［A］Incontrast[B]Forexample[C]Inconsequence[D］Asusual

16。

[A]duly［B］accidentally［C］unpredictably[D]suddenly

17。

［A］failed［B］ceased［C］started[D］continued

20。

［A]breaking[B]climbing[C］surpassing［D］hiting

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts。

Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing［A］，［B]，[C]or［D］。

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

OfallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinEnglish—languagenewspapersduringthepastquarter—century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage。

It isdifficulttothe pointof impossibilityforthe averagereaderunderthe ageof fortyto imagineatimewhenhigh—qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig—citynewspapers. Yetaconsiderablenumberof themostsignificantcollectionsof criticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedinlargepartofnewspaperreviews.Toreadsuchbookstodayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlearnedcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationdailies。

Weareeven fartherremovedfrom theunfocused newspaperreviewspublishedinEngland betweenthe turn ofthe20thcenturyand theeveofWorldWar Ⅱ，ata  timewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhich itappeared。

Inthosefar—offdays,itwastakenforgrantedthatthecriticsof  majorpaperswouldwritein detailandat length about the eventstheycovered。

Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andeventhosereviewerswhoworetheirlearninglightly，likeGeorgeBernardShawandErnestNewman,couldbetrustedtoknowwhattheywereabout.Thesemen believed injournalism asacalling, andwereproud to bepublishedinthedailypress。

“Sofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughtokeep their ownendupinjournalism，”Newman wrote,“thatI  amtemptedtodefine‘journalism’as‘aterm ofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoare  notreadtowriterswhoare'.”

Unfortunately,thesecriticsarevirtuallyforgotten。

NevilleCardus,whowrotefortheManchester Guardianfrom 1917 untilshortlybefore hisdeathin1975， isnowknownsolelyasawriterofessaysonthegameofcricket。

Duringhislifetime,though,hewasalsooneofEngland’sforemostclassical—musiccritics，andastylistsowidelyadmiredthathisAutobiography（1947）becameabest—seller。

Hewasknightedin1967,thefirstmusiccritictobesohonored。

Yetonlyoneof hisbooksis nowinprint，andhisvastbodyofwritingsonmusicisunknownsavetospecialists.

IsthereanychancethatCardus'scriticismwillenjoyarevival?

Theprospectseemsremote.Journalistictastes had changed longbeforehisdeath,and postmodernreadershave little usefor therichly upholsteredVicwardian proseinwhich hespecialized.Moreover，theamateurtraditioninmusiccriticismhasbeeninheadlongretreat。

21.ItisindicatedinParagraphs1and2that

［A］artscriticismhasdisappearedfrombig-citynewspapers。

［B]English—languagenewspapersusedtocarrymoreartsreviews。

[C]high—qualitynewspapersretainalargebodyofreaders。

［D]youngreadersdoubtthesuitabilityofcriticismondailies.

22。

NewspaperreviewsinEnglandbeforeworldwarⅡwerecharacterizedby

［A］freethemes.

［B］casualstyle.

[C］elaboratelayout.

[D］radicalviewpoints。

23.whichofthefollowingwouldShawandNewmanmostprobablyagreeon？

[A］Itiswriters'dutytofulfilljournalisticgoals。

［B］Itiscontemptibleforwriterstobejournalists.

［C］Writersarelikelytobetemptedintojournalism.

[D]Notallwritersarecapableofjournalisticwriting。

24。

WhatcanbelearnedaboutCardusaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs？

［A]Hismusiccriticismmaynotappealtoreaderstoday。

［B］Hisreputationasamusiccritichaslongbeenindispute。

[C]Hisstylecaterslargelytomodernspecialists.

［D]Hiswritingsfailtofollowtheamateurtradition.

25。

Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

［A]NewspapersoftheGoodOldDays.

［B］ThelostHorizoninNewspapers。

[C］MournfulDeclineofJournalism。

［D]ProminentCriticsinMemory。

Text2

Overthepastdecade,thousandsofpatentshavebeengrantedforwhatarecalledbusinessmethods.Amazon。

comreceivedoneforits“one—click”onlinepaymentsystem.MerrillLynchgotlegalprotectionforanassetallocationstrategy.Oneinventorpatentedatechniqueforliftingabox。

Nowthenation'stoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalebackonbusiness-methodpatents,whichhavebeencontroversialeversincetheywerefirstauthorized10yearsago.Inamovethathasintellectual—propertylawyersabuzztheU.S.courtofAppealsforthefederalcircuitsaiditwoulduseaparticularcasetoconductabroadreviewofbusiness—methodpatents.InreBilski,asthecaseisknown,is“averybigdeal",saysDennis'D。

CrouchoftheUniversityofMissouriSchooloflaw.It“hasthepotentialtoeliminateanentireclassofpatents.”

Curbsonbusiness—methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-face，becauseitwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisionintheso-calledstateStreetBankcase，approvingapatentonawayofpoolingmutual-fundassets。

Thatrulingproducedanexplosioninbusiness—methodpatentfilings,initiallybyemerginginternetcompaniestryingtostakeoutexclusivepinhtstospecifictypesofonlinetransactions.Later，moveestablishedcompaniesracedtoaddsuchpatentstotheirfiles，ifonlyasadefensivemoveagainstrivalsthatmightbeatthemtothepunch。

In2005,IBMnotedinacourtfilingthatithadbeenissuedmorethan300business—methodpatentsdespitethefactthatitquestionedthelegalbasisforgrantingthem.Similarly，someWallStreetinvestmentfilmsarmedthemselveswithpatentsforfinancialproducts,evenastheytookpositionsincourtcasesopposingthepractice.

TheBilskicaseinvolvesaclaimedpatentonamethodforhedgingriskintheenergymarket。

TheFederalcircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecasewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt’sjudges，ratherthanatypicalpanelofthree，andthatoneissueitwantstoevaluateiswhetheritshould”reconsider"itsstatestreetBankruling。

TheFederalCircuit’sactioncomesinthewakeofaseriesofrecentdecisionsbythesupremeCountthathasnarrowedthescopeofprotectionsforpatentholders。

LastApril,forexamplethejusticessignaledthattoomanypatentswerebeingupheldfor“inventions”thatareobvious。

ThejudgesontheFederalcircuitare“reactingtotheanti_patenttrendatthesupremecourt”，saysHaroleC.wegner,apartendattorneyandprofessorataeorgeWashingtonUniversityLawSchool.

26。

Business—meth