建筑标书砌筑.docx
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建筑标书砌筑
建筑标书-砌筑
作者:
english100 发布时间:
2010-10-2817:
51:
05 浏览次数:
11243
2.3.4
砌筑工程
Masonryworks
2.3.4.1
基础砌筑方法
Themethodoffoundationbricklaying
施工准备
Constructionpreparation
基槽或基础垫层均已完成,并验收,办完隐检手续。
Thefoundationpitsorcushionsallhavebeencompleted,andtheconcealedworkcheckshavebeendonebeforeacceptance.
已设置龙门板sightrail 或龙门桩gantrypile,标出建筑物的主要轴线,标出基础及墙轴线和标高;
Gantryplanksorgantrypileshavebeenestablished.Markoutthemainaxes,theelevationsoffoundations,wallaxes,foundationaxesandedgelines.Fixpole-signs(thespacingisfrom15to20m,onepoleoneachcorner)andmakeprecheck.
并弹mark出基础轴线和边线;
立好杆(间距为15~20m,转角处均应设立),办完预检手续。
根据杆最下面一层砖,拉线检查基础垫层、表面标高是否合适,如第一层砖的水平灰缝mortarjiont大于20mm,surfacing ,不得用砂浆grout或在砂浆中掺细砖。
Accordingtothelowestbrickcoursebelowsignpoles,checktheelevationsoffoundationcushionsandsurfaceswiththreadrouting.Itisforbiddentousemortaroraddbrickbatstothemortarifthehorizontalmortarjointofthelowestcoursebricksislongerthan20mm.
常温施工时,前一天应将砖浇水湿润,砖以水浸入表面下10~20mm深为宜;
Waterbricksintheformerdayduringthenormaltemperatureconstruction.Itispropertokeepbricksbelowthewater10-20mms;
雨天作业不得使用含水率饱和状态的砖。
Saturatedbricksshallnotbeusedinrainyday.
砌筑部位的灰渣、杂物应清除干净,基层浇水湿润。
Cleanuptheashrubbishandclinkersonthebricklayingparts,andkeepthebasehumid.
应按试验室确定的砂浆mortar 配合比拌制砂浆,并搅拌均匀。
Mixmortaraccordingtothemixtureratefromthelaboratory.
常温下拌好的砂浆应在拌合后3~4h内用完;
Themixedmortaratnormaltemperatureshallbeusedupin3-4hourswhilethoseabove30℃shallbedonein2–3hours;
当气温超过30℃时,应在2~3h内用完。
严禁使用过夜砂浆。
Itisstrictforbiddentousethemortarleftlastday.
脚手架scarfold 应随砌随搭设;
Scaffoldshallbeestablishedmatchingthepaceofbuilding;
准备好垂直运输机。
VerticalConveyancemachinesareReady.
施工方法
Constructionmethods
1)
砖基础
Brickbase
a
砖基础一般做成阶梯形ladder,有等高式和间隔式,每一种收退台step宽度均为1/4砖。
Thebrickbasesaremadeintoladderformgenerally,withtheequalheightandtheunequalheight.Eachrackingis1/4brickwidth.
b
砌基础base前应清理基槽(坑)底。
Cleanupthefoundation(pit)bottombeforebricklaying.
除去earth,fillandhamping补夯实,并铺设垫层;
Removetheearth,tampthebackfilledsoil,andpavefoundationcushion;
先用干砖试摆,以确定排砖方法和错缝位置,使砌体平面尺寸符合要求;
Accordingtotheplanesizerequirements,trytoputsomedrybrickstofindthecorrectlayingmethodandthelocationsofoffsetjoints;
基础中预留孔洞应按施工图纸要求的位置和标高留设。
Reserveholesinthefoundationaccordingtothelocationsandelevationsintheconstructiondrawing.
c
砌筑时,应先铺底灰basecement,上下层错缝。
Pavebasecementandsettheoffsetjointsbetweentheupperandthelowercourses.
竖缝至少错开1/4砖长,转角处要放七分头砖(即3/4砖),并在山墙和檐墙两处分层交替设置,不能同缝。
Theverticaljointspacingisatleastlongerthan1/4brick.Setapieceof3/4brickoneachcorneralternatelybetweenbrickgablesandcornicewalls,withoutbothverticaljointsnexttoeachother.
砖墙转角处和抗震设防建筑物(earthquakeprotectionconstruction)的临时间断处不得留直缝。
Therearenotastraightjointonthecornerofbrickwallsandthetemporaryjointofearthquakeprotectionconstruction.
d
内外墙基础应同时砌筑或做成踏步式step。
Theexternalandinternalbrickwallshallbeexecutedatthesametime orbuiltwithaladdertype.
如基础深浅不一时,应从低处砌起,接槎joint高度不宜超过1m,高低相接处要砌成阶梯,台阶长度应不小于1m,其高度不大于0.5m,砌到上面后再和上面的砖一起退台。
Whenthedepthofbothbasesisdifferent,buildfromthelower;ensurethejointheightlessthan1m,layastep(longerthan1mandlowerthan0.5m)onthejointbetweenthehigherandthelower,andbuildbackwiththeupperbricksatthesametimeafterreachingthetop.
e
砌筑时,灰缝砂浆要饱满,严禁用冲浆(grounting)法灌缝mortarfilling。
Keepthejointmortarfullandforbidtofilljointthroughwater-rushingmortar.
每皮砖要挂线,它与皮数杆的偏差值不得超过10mm。
Setthereferentialthreadbeforeeachbrickcourse,andensuretheheighttolerancetothecountingpolelessthan10mm.
f
基础中预留洞口及预埋管道,其位置、标高应准确,避免凿打墙洞;
Reservetheholesandembedpipesinthefoundationaccurately,avoidingchiselinganycaveonthewalls;
管道上部应预留沉降settlementjoint(crack)空隙clearance。
Reservesettlementjointsoverthepipes.
如果在基础上铺放砖,应同时砌筑,并应用丁砖砌筑。
Buildwithbrickbonderssynchronouslywhenpavingbricksonthebase.
g
砌完基础,应及时清理基槽(坑)内杂物和积水,在两侧同时回填土,并分层夯实。
Afterfinishingbrickbase,cleanuptheconstructionrubbishandtheleftoverwater,backfillsoilonbothsidesatonetimeandtampthemlayerafterlayer.
质量要求
Quantityrequirements
砖的品种、强度等级必须符合设计要求。
Thecatalog,strengthgradeofthebrickmustmeetthedesignrequirements.
砂浆品种符合设计要求,强度必须符合下列规定:
Themortarmatchesthedesignrequirements;andthestrengthmustmeetthefollowing:
同品种、同强度砂浆各组试块testcubic的平均强度不小于fm,k(fm,k——试块标准养护抗压强度);
Theaveragestrengthofthesamestyleandstrengthmortartestcubesisnotsmallerthanfm,k.
任意一组试块强度不小于0.75fm,k。
Thestrengthofeverysettestcubesisnotsmallerthan0.75fm,k.
砌体砂浆必须饱满密实,砖砌体的水平灰缝的砂浆饱满度不小于80%。
Keepthemortarfull,andthefulldegreeisnotsmallerthan80%.
砖基础转角处须错缝herringbonelylaying。
Thebrickfoundationcornersmustoffsetjoints.
其他处herringbone 留槎必须符合施工规范的规定;
Theotherstoothingsmustmeettherelatedconstructioncode;
石头基础转角处turn必须同时砌筑,交接处不能同时砌筑时必须留斜槎。
Buildthecornersoftherockbaseatthesametime,otherwisesettinginclinedtoothings.
砖砌体上下错缝Lyingherringbonely,每处无4皮通缝。
Theremustnotbe4continuousjointsoneachoffsetjoint.
水平灰缝厚度不小于5mm或透亮的缺陷不超过5个。
Thethicknessofahorizontalmortarjointisnotsmallerthan5mm,orthequantityofobviouslacunaisnotbeyond5.
预埋preset 拉结筋lacing的数量、长度均符合设计要求和施工规范的规定,留置间距偏差headplace 不超过一皮砖。
Thequantityandthelengthofembeddedsplicebarmeettherelatedconstructioncode.Andthespacingtoleranceofsplicebarisnotbiggerthanapieceofbrick.
留置构造柱reinforcingpost的位置正确,残留砂浆清理干净。
Locateconstructionpillarscorrectlyandcleanuptheleftovermortar.
成品保护要求
Finishedproductprotectionprogram
1)
基础墙砌筑完毕,应继续加强对龙门板、龙门柱、水平桩的保护,防止碰撞损坏。
Enhancecontinuouslytheprotectionofgantryplanks,gantrypilesandhorizontalpilestoavoidthedamage.
2)
外露或埋设在基础内的管线及其他预埋件,应注意保护,不得随意碰撞、折改或损坏。
Outsideorembeddedpipesandothermattersshallnotbecollided,removedordestroyedoptionally.
3)
加强对基础预埋的抗震构造柱钢筋polebar 和拉结筋lacing的保护,防止踩倒或弯折。
Enhancetheprotectionofembeddedearthquake-proofconstructioncolumnsrebarandsplicebaravoidtramplingorcurving.
4)
基础base 位于地下水位以下时,砌筑完毕应继续降水,直至回填完成,始可停止降水,以防止浸泡地基和基础。
De-watertillthebackfilledsoilcompletionafterbricklayingifthebaseundertheundergroundwater,avoidingsoakingthefoundation.
5)
基础回填土backfill应在两侧同时进行,如仅在一侧回填,未回填的一侧应加以支撑。
Backfillsoilonthebothsidesatonetime,otherwisesupportingtheopenside.
暖气沟heatingtrench的墙应加强垫板支撑牢固,以防填土hamp夯实将墙挤压变形开裂;
Fixthewalloftheheatingtrenchwithsomesupportingplankstoavoidleakagesordeformationbybackfilledsoil.
严禁回填土采取不分层夯实或向槽内灌水的方法回填。
Strictlyforbidtobackfillsoilwithouttampinglayerafterlayerorbackfillingwithreplenishedwaterdirectly.
6)
回填土运输时,应先将基础顶部用塑料薄膜或草袋、木板等保护好,不得在基础墙上推车,损坏墙顶或碰坏墙体。
Protectthetopoffoundationwithplasticfabric,grassbagsorplankswhilebackfilling.Forbidpushinggo-cartsonthefoundationwalls,damagingthewalltopandthewall.
施工注意事项
Constructionnotes:
1)
砂浆配制应严格材料的计量,保证配合比准确,拌制时间应符合规定。
Mortarmixturerateofmaterialsshallbeaccurate,andthemixturetimeshallmeettherelatedconstructioncode.
2)
基础base 应挂线linned 砌筑laying,1?
Foundationshallbebuiltwithhangingthereferentialthread,especiallytworeferentialthreadsatbothsidesofabrick-and-halfwall.
-brickwall, 一砖半墙1应双面挂线atbothsides。
砌到基砌墙身时,要找正墙的轴线和边线;
Correcttheaxesandedgelinesofwalls.
砌筑时保持墙身垂直,防止基础墙身发生过大位移offset。
Ensurethewallverticalandpreventthewallbodyoffsettingmuchmore.
3)
砌体的转角和交接处,应同时砌筑,否则应砌成斜槎otherwiseshallbelayedinclinedly。
Themasonryworkshallbestartedfromtheturningcornerorfromthefixedpoint, otherwiseshallbemadeintoinclinedtoothing.
有高低台seat的基础,应从低处开始砌筑,并由高台向低台搭接,且搭接长度不应小于基础扩大部分brickseat的高度。
Thebasewithdifferentseatsshallbestartedfromthelowesttothehighest,andtheconnectedlengthshallnotbelowerthantheheightofmostbrickseats.
砌体临时间断处的高差不得超过一步脚手架的高度。
Theheightdeferencebetweentemporaryjointsmustnotbebiggerthanthewidthofastepofscaffold.
4)
雨期施工应有防止基槽泡水和雨水冲刷砂浆措施,砂浆的稠度consistency应适当减小,每日砌筑高度不宜超过1.2m。
Themortarconsistencyshallbedecreasedandthebricklayingheighteverydayshallnotbehigherthan1.2minrainyseasons.
收工时砌体表面应覆盖。
Coverthesurfaceofmasonryworksafterthestopfortheday.
2.3.4.2
砖墙砌筑方法
Methodsofmasonryworks
(1)
施工条件
Constructionconditions
1)
砌筑前,基础及防潮层brickdampcourse应经验收合格,基础顶面弹好mark墙身轴线、边线、门窗洞口opening 和柱子的位置线。
Thebaseandbrickdampcourseshouldhavebeenacceptedeligibility,andaxes,edgelines;holesandlocationsofcolumnsshallbemarkedoutonthesurfaceofthefoundationbeforemasonry.
2)
办完地基、基础工程隐检手续。
Executetheconcealedworkchecksofbaseandfoundation.
3)
回填完基础两侧及房心土方。
Havebackfilledsoilonthebothsidesofthebaseandtheroomcenterarea.
4)
在墙转角处、楼梯间及内外墙交接处,已按标高立好皮数杆;
Havesetupcountingpolesonthewallcorners,ladderandthecornersbetweenexternalandinternalwalls.
皮数杆的间距以15~20m为宜,并办好预检手续。
Theproperspacingofcountingpolesis15-20m.Executeprechecks.
5)
砌筑部位的灰渣、杂物清除干净,并浇水湿润。
Cleanuptheashrubbishandclinkersonthebricklayingparts,andkeepthebasehumid.
6)
砂浆由试验室做好试配,确定配合比;
Mixmortaraccordingtothemixtureratefromthelaboratory.
准备好砂浆试模。
Preparesometestcubicmoldformortar.
7)
随砌随搭好的脚手架;
Scaffoldshallbeestablishedmatchingthepaceof