外研版高中英语选修六16单元知识点归纳.docx
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外研版高中英语选修六16单元知识点归纳
外研版高中英语选修六1-6单元知识点归纳
Module11
重点单词1
经典短语透视2
热点语法聚焦(非重点)3
Module24
重点单词4
经典短语透视5
热点语法聚焦(重点)6
Module37
重点单词7
经典短语透视8
热点语法聚焦(重点)9
Module410
重点单词10
经典短语透视11
热点语法聚焦(非重点)11
Module513
重点单词13
经典短语透视14
热点语法聚焦(非重点)15
Module615
重点单词15
经典短语透视17
热点语法聚焦(非重点)17
Module1
重点单词
【词条1】lack
【点拨】lack动词,意为"缺乏,没有"。
如:
Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstolackconfidence.
Whathelacksinexperiencehemakesupforinenthusiasm.
【拓展】
1.lack的常用短语有:
belacking"欠缺,缺乏";belackingin"缺乏(某种品质、特点等)";lack(for)nothing"应有尽有"。
如:
Moneyfortheprojectisstilllacking.
Ithinkthefilmislackinginpace.
Theyhavegoteverythingreadyandtheylackfornothing.
2.lack还可作名词,常与of连用,意为"缺乏,没有"。
forlackof"因为缺乏……"。
如:
Theworkhadtobestoppedforlackoffunds.
Theflowerswitheredforlackofwater.
【词条2】reply
【点拨】名词,意为"回答,答复",常与介词to连用。
如:
Isitareplytothefirstorthesecondletter?
Tomyanger,shemadenoreplytomyquestion.
其常用在短语inreplyto中,意为"作为对……的回答,回复"。
如:
Whatdidhedoinreplytoyourchallenge?
【拓展】reply也可作动词,意为"回答,答复",reply(to.../that...)。
如:
Theteachergavemenochancetoreplytoherquestion.
Lilyrepliedthatsheknewnothingaboutit.
【词条3】apology
【点拨】apology名词,意为"道歉,歉意",常用于短语:
offer/makeanapologytosb."向某人道歉",acceptanapology"接受道歉"。
如:
It’simpoliteofyoutoleavewithoutawordofapology.
Inmyjudgment,weshouldaccepttheirapology.
You’dbettermakeanapologyforyourabsence.
【拓展】其动词形式为apologize,意为"道歉,表示歉意",常用短语为:
apologizetosb.(forsth.)"(因某事)向某人道歉"。
如:
Imustapologizefornotbeingabletomeetyouthatday.
IthinkTommighthaveapologizedtoJaneforwhathedid.
经典短语透视
【短语1】thinkof
【点拨】thinkof可意为"想起,想出"。
如:
Thephotomademethinkofmychild-hood.
ItwasTomwhothoughtofthegoodplan.
【拓展】think的其他常用短语:
1.thinkhighly/muchof重视,高度赞扬。
如:
AlltheteachersthinkhighlyofJohnbecauseheisverysmartandkind.
2.thinkabout考虑。
如:
Iwasthinkingaboutsomethingelseandmissedyourwords.
3.thinkover仔细考虑。
如:
Pleasethinktheplanoverandletmeknowyourdecisiontomorrow.
【短语2】inaddition
【点拨】inaddition意为"另外,此外"。
如:
IwritemyownsongsandIplaytheguitarinaddition.
Youneedmoneyandtime.Inaddition,youneeddiligence.
【拓展】inadditionto除……之外(还有),to为介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
如:
HisbrothercanspeakthreeforeignlanguagesinadditiontoEnglish.
besides也意为"除……之外(还有)"。
如:
Theplaywasbadlyacted,besidesbeingfartoolong.
【短语3】leaveout
【点拨】leaveout意为"省去,删去"。
如:
InWesterncountries,peopleusuallyleaveoutNo.13asthenumberisthoughtunlucky.
Youcanleaveouttheunnecessarywordswhenwritingdownthenotes.
【拓展】
1.leaveout还可意为"漏掉,遗漏"。
如:
Decidewithyoupartnerwhichwordshavebeenleftout.
2.与leave相关的常用短语:
leavebehind遗留,留下
Itleftbehindalongtrainofproblemsanddifficulties.
leaveover剩余,暂不解决
Weshallhavetoleavethequestionovertillthenextmeeting.
leavealone别管,不理会
IfIwereyou,I’dleavethisquestionalone.
【短语4】showoff
【点拨】showoff意为"炫耀"。
如:
Thoseboysalwaysshowofftheirsportsskillstothegirls.
Hisbrotherlikestoshowoffhisknowledgeinpublic.
【拓展】与show相关的常用短语:
showsb.around领某人参观
Theheadmastershowedusaroundtheschool.
showup出席,到场
Thepartyisabouttobegin,butMr.Wanghasn’tshownup.
热点语法聚焦(非重点)
didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone的区别(非重点)
didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone都有"过去不必做某事"的意思,但是didn’tneedto表示"过去没有必要做某事,事实上也没做";needn’thavedone表示"过去本来不必做某事,实际上却做了"。
如:
Ididn’tneedtotakeataxifromtheair-port—therewasabusallthewayintothecity.
Ineedn’thavebookedinadvance;therewereplentyofticketsleft.
此外,要注意need的其它用法:
need可作实义动词,也可作情态动词。
1.作实义动词时,need有人称和数的变化,后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式和动名词等,否定式要在前面加don’t(doesn’t,didn’t),疑问句用do(does,did)提问。
如:
Thecompanyneedssomegoodsalesmen.
Hisbrokencarneedstoberepaired.=Hisbrokencarneedsrepairing.
2.作情态动词时,need没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,否定式为needn’t,常用在否定句和疑问句中。
如:
Youneedn’tworryabouthim.Heisverymaturenow.
—NeedIstayanotherday?
—Yes,youmust.
Module2
重点单词
【词条1】behave
【点拨】behave用作不及物动词,意为"(举止或行为)表现"。
如:
Shehasbeenbehavingverypolitely.
另外,behave还可意为"举止得体;守规矩",常和反身代词连用。
如:
Can’tyoumakeyourlittlechildbehavehimself?
【拓展】well-/ill-/badly-behavedadj.表现得好的/不好的;behaviorn.行为,举止如:
Heisthoughttobeawell-behavedchild.
Shewasashamedofherchildren’sbadbehavior.
【词条2】appeal
【点拨】appeal可用作名词,意为"吸引力,感染力"。
如:
Filmsofthissorthavelosttheirappealforme.
【拓展】
1.appeal用作名词时,还可意为"呼吁,请求"。
如:
Hisappealforforgivenesswentunanswered.
Anappealisbeingmadeforhelpforthosewholosttheirhomesintheearthquake.
2.appeal还可用作动词,意为"引起兴趣;呼吁,请求",常跟介词to连用。
如:
Doestheideaofworkingabroadappealtoyou?
Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforanyinformationaboutthis.
【词条3】awake
【点拨】awake可用作形容词,意为"醒着的"。
如:
Ihavelainawakeallnightthinkingovertheproblem.
注意:
awake是表语形容词,不能用于名词前作定语。
类似的形容词还有asleep,alive,aware等。
【拓展】awake(awoke,awoken)可作不及物动词,意为"醒来",这时与wakeup意义相近;awake也可作及物动词,意为"唤醒,叫醒;唤起(记忆);激起(情感)"。
如:
Iawaketotheringingofanelectricbelleveryday.
Thethunderawokemelastnight.
Hisfathertriedtoawakehimtoasenseofduty.
Nothingcanawakeherinterestinfoot-ball.
经典短语透视
【短语1】aheadof
【点拨】aheadof意为"在……之前"。
如:
ThetimehereisninehoursaheadofLondon.Aheadofuswasanarrowandmuddyroad.
【拓展】aheadof还可意为"胜过,优于;(数量、价格等)超过"。
如:
Inmanagement,ourcompanyiswellaheadoftheirs.
Theirpayofferwaswellaheadofinflation.
【短语2】holdout
【点拨】holdout可意为"伸出,拿出"。
如:
WhenIarrived,Maryheldoutherhandinwelcome.
【拓展】holdout还可意为"维持;坚持(抵抗)"。
如:
Wewereshortofwaterbutitcouldholdoutforanotherday.
Theyheldoutagainsttheenemyfortwodaysandnights.
Thetownwassurrounded,butthecitizensheldoutuntilhelpatlastcame.
【短语3】putdown
【点拨】putdown可意为"放下"。
如:
Putdownthatknifebeforeyouhurtsomebody!
【拓展】
1.putdown还可意为"写下,记下;镇压;消灭"。
如:
Putdownyournotesatthebottomofthepaper.
Theuprisingwasputdownthreedayslater.
can’tputsth.down爱不释手;不忍释卷。
如:
Itisaninterestingstoryandhecan’tputitdownuntilhehasfinishedreadingit.
2.与put相关的常用短语:
putout出版;生产;使熄灭,扑灭;putup树立;putoff推迟;putaside把……搁在一边;putforward提出;putupwith容忍。
如:
Besuretoputoutthelightbeforeyougotobed.
Thebuildingwillbeputupinthecentreofthecampus.
Don’tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.
Heputasidehisworktospendmoretimewithhisfamily.
Heputforwardaverygoodsuggestionatthemeeting.
Icouldhardlyputupwiththechildanylonger.
热点语法聚焦(重点)
动词的-ing形式作状语(高考重点)
可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随或对谓语加以补充说明等。
如:
Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.(时间)
Itrainedfortwoweeks,completelyruiningthecrops.(结果)
Turningtotherightatthecrossing,youwillseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.
(条件)
Beingbusyandexhausted,hegaveusalotofhelp.(让步)
WeChineseeatourfoodusingchopsticks.(方式)
Notknowinghowtodealwiththeproblem,theboyturnedtohisteacher.(原因)Laughingandtalkingloudly,welefttheparty.(伴随)
【难点点拨】
1.现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,它所表示的动作应该是句中主语所发出的动作,即现在分词和句子主语之间构成主动关系。
如:
Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wecangetafullviewofthecountry.
(we与see之间是主动关系)
2.现在分词作状语时,其前可加while,when,after,before,though,unless等连词,on,upon等介词或thus,completely等副词。
如:
Whiledoingtheexperiment,wediscoveredthenewchemical.
Takethemedicinethreetimesadayafterhavingeachmeal.
Onhearingthenews,sherushedouttheroom.
Mycarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.
3.有时用"(with/without)+宾语+现在分词"结构作状语。
如:
Icouldn’tfocusmyattentionwiththatnoisegoingon.
高考真题加改编题目练习:
1.(2015·课标全国Ⅱ,64)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout________(use)electricequipment.
2.(2015·安徽,27改编)________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.
3.(2015·北京,21改编)________(catch)theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.
4.(2015·北京,23改编)Theparkwasfullofpeople,________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.
5.(2015·天津,8改编)________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.
6.(2015·陕西,17改编)AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton________(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.
7.(2015·浙江,18改编)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit________(perform)liveisquiteanother.
8.(2015·湖南,30改编)Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile,shestoodrootedtotheground,________(wonder)whethertostayorleave.
9.(2015·福建,28改编)________(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.
10.(2015·江苏,24改编)Muchtime________(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.
Module3
重点单词
【词条1】raise
【点拨】vt.可意为"招募,筹措(金钱)"。
如:
Itvotedtoraise100,000troopsimmediately.
HeaskedmetowritealeaflettoraisemoneyforHopeSchools.
【拓展】raise还可意为"举起;增加,提高;提出;抚养,饲养;引起"。
如:
Thewindraisedthefallenleavesfromtheground.
Thebosshaspromisedtoraisetheirpay.
Hewassoangryastoraisehisvoice.
Thequestionwasraisedatthemeeting.Iwasraisedbymyauntonafarm.
Thediscussionraisedourinterest.
【辨析】raise&rise两者都可以表示"上升;增长"之意,不同的是raise是及物动词,rise是不及物动词。
如:
OnMondaymorning,wewerewatchingthechildrenraisingthenationalflagandwesawitrisingslowlyinthewind.
【词条2】regret
【点拨】regret可用作动词,意为"懊悔,惋惜;遗憾",后接名词、代词、that从句、不定式、动名词等。
如:
Iregretmyrefusaltohisinvitation.IregretthatIcan’tattendtheparty.
Weregrettoinformyouthatyoufailed