新题型.docx

新题型.docx

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新题型

　Exercise1

　　PartB

　　Directions:

　　Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions4145,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistAGtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

　　Wemightmarvelattheprocessmadeineveryfieldofstudy,butthemethodsoftestingapersonsknowledgeandabilityremainasprimitiveasevertheywere.Itreallyisextraordinarythatafteralltheseyears;educationistshavestillfailedtodeviseanythingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations.Forallthepiousclaimthatexaminationstextwhatyouknow,itiscommonknowledgethattheymoreoftendotheexactopposite.

　　41）.Asanxietymakers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonthem.Theyarethemarkofsuccessoffailureinoursociety.Yourwholefuturemaybedecidedinonefatefulday.

　　42）.Noonecangiveoffhisbestwhenheisinmortalterror,orafterasleeplessnight,yetthisispreciselywhattheexaminationsystemexpectshimtodo.

　　43）.Agoodeducationshould,amongotherthings,trainyoutothinkforyourself.Theexaminationsystemdoesanythingbutthat.Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbyasyllabus,sothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoreadwidely,buttorestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimtoseekmoreandmoreknowledge,butinducecramming.Theylowerthestandardsofteaching,fortheydeprivetheteacherofallfreedoms.

　　44）.Theresultsonwhichsomuchdependsareoftennothingmorethanasubjectiveassessmentbysomeanonymousexaminer.Examinersareonlyhuman.Theygettiredandhungry;theymakemistakes.Yettheyhavetomarkstacksofhastilyscrawledscriptsinalimitedamountoftime.Theyworkunderthesamesortofpressureasthecandidates.Andtheirwordcarriesweight.Afterajudgesdecisionyouhavetherightofappeal,butnotafteranexaminers.

　　45）.Isitcynicaltosuggestthatexaminationsaremerelyaprofitablebusinessfortheinstitutionsthatrunthem?

Thisiswhatitboilsdowntointhelastanalysis.Thebestcommentonthesystemisthisilliteratemessagerecentlyscrawledonawall:

IwereateenagedropoutandnowIareateenagemillionaire.

　　[A]Everyclassatschoolrequireshomework,quizzes,tests,andfinally,afinalexam.Wetakeexamstoproveourselves—toprovewehaveadvancedoureducation.

　　[B]Theremustsurelybemanysimplerandmoreeffectivewaysofassessingaperson’strueabilities.

　　[C]Stresshashitanelevenontheonetotenscaleduringexaminations.Stressisnothealthy,anditmakeseveryoneangry.ThelastthingIrememberwhenIgobacktoschoolisexams.Istheschooltryingaversiontherapyonitsstudent?

　　[D]Themomentachildbeginsschool,heentersaworldofviciouscompetitionwheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefinedandmeasured.Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberofdropouts:

youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasutterfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenembarkedonacareer?

Canwebesurprisedatthesuiciderateamongstudents?

　　[E]Itdoesn’tmatterthatyouweren’tfeelingverywell,orthatyourmotherdied.Littlethingslikethatdon’tcount:

theexamgoeson.

　　[F]Theymaybeagoodmeansoftestingmemory,ortheknackofworkingrapidlyunderextremepressure,buttheycantellyounothingaboutapersonstrueabilityandaptitude.

　　[G]Teachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresultsandinsteadofteachingtheirsubjects,theyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniqueswhichtheydespise.Themostsuccessfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebesteducated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunderstress.

　　答案与解析

　　41【答案】F

　　【解析】第41题位于文章第一段的末尾。

这同样是一篇结构规范的短文，作者在第一段叙述一些事实后必然要表明自己的立场，而根据全文内容，作者是不赞成用考试来衡量个人能力的，选项F中的“...,but...”正是前文“opposite”所表示的具体内容。

由此可见正确答案是F，“考试可能是检验记忆力，或者在极度紧张的情况下发现快速工作窍门的好方法。

但是它不能告诉你一个人的真正能力和智能究竟怎样。

”

　　42【答案】E

　　【解析】第42题位于文章第二段的段中。

做本题的关键时把握空白处所处的上下文语境。

本段是在对考试进行贬责，而且一定需要大家抓住的是空白之后的文字有一层批评的意味，由此可见只有E是最合适的。

”

　　43【答案】D

　　【解析】第43题是文章的第三段。

从选项来观察，好像没有一个能够承上启下的句子，因此可以依据先难后易的原则暂时搁置本题，最后通读全文即得出答案D。

　　44【答案】G

　　【解析】第44题在文章的第四段段中。

这很明显的是要求大家观察上下文，找出中心词。

那么根据本段内容可以比较容易的得出正确答案是G。

　　45【答案】B

　　【解析】第45题位于文章最后一段的段首，这是对文章主旨的再加工，那么作者在“考试不是最佳检验手段”这一观点的基础上得出B，“这样的观点是很自然的，评判一个人真实的能力肯定有很多更简单和跟有效的方法。

”

Exercise1

　　PartB

　　Directions:

　　Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutmoney,followedbyalistofexamples.ChoosethebestexamplefromthelistAFforeachnumberedsubheading（4145）.Thereisoneextraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

　　Aristotle,theGreekphilosopher,summedupfourchiefqualitiesofmoneysome2,000yearago.Itmustbelastingandeasytorecognize,todivide,andtocarryabout.Inotherwordsitmustbe,durable,distinct,divisibleandportable.Whenwethinkofmoneytoday,wepictureiteitherasround,fiatpiecesofmetalwhichwecallcoins,orasprintedpapernotes.

　　41Buttherearestillpartsoftheworld,todaywherecoinsandnotesareofnouse.

　　42Amongisolatedpeoples,whoarenotoftenreachedbytradersfromoutside,commerceusuallymeantbarter.

　　Thisisadirectexchangeofgoods.Perhapsitisfishforvegetables,meatforgrain,orvariouskindsoffoodinexchangeforpots,baskets,orothermanufacturedgoods.

　　43.Saltmayseemratherastrangesubstancetouseasmoney,butincountrieswherethefoodofthepeopleismainlyvegetable,itisoftenanabsolutenecessity.

　　44.CowrieseashellshavebeenusedasmoneyatsometimeoranotheroverthegreaterpartoftheOldWorld.ThesewerecollectedmainlyfromthebeachesoftheMaldiveIslandsintheIndianOcean,andweretradedtoIndiaandChina.

　　45.Metal,valuedbyweight,precededcoinsinmanypartsoftheworld.

　　Iron,inlumps,barsorringsisstillusedinmanycountriesinsteadofmoney.Itcaneitherbeexchangedforgoods,ormadeintotools,weaponsorornaments.TheearlymoneyofChina,apartfromshells,wasofbronze,ofteninfiat,roundpieceswithaholeinthemiddle,called‘cash.

　　Nowadays,coinsandnoteshavesupplantednearlyallthemorepicturesqueformsofmoney,andalthoughinoneortwoofthemoreremotecountriespeoplestillhoarditforfutureuseonceremonialoccasionssuchasweddingsandfunerals,examplesofprimitivemoneywillsoonbefoundonlyinmuseums.

　　[A]Forthiskindofsimpletrading,moneyisnotneeded,butthereisoftensometilingthateveryonewantsandeverybodycanuse,suchassalttoflavor,food,shellforornaments,orironandcoppertomakeintotoolsandvessels.Thesethingssalt,shellsormetalsarestillusedasmoneyinoutofthewaypartsoftheworldtoday.

　　[B]Theywillbuynothing,andatravelermightstarveifhehadnoneoftheparticularlocalmoneytoexchangeforfood.

　　[C]Cakesofsalt,stampedtoshowtheirvalue,wereusedasmoneyinTibetuntilrecenttimes,andcakesofsaltwillstillbuygoodsinBorneoandpartsofAfrica.

　　[D]TheearliestevolutionofthesepapernotesandcoinsmadeofcopperhaddevelopedrapidlyinthewesternMediterranean.

　　[E]InAfrica,cowriesweretradedrightacrossthecontinentfromEasttoWestFourorfivethousandwentforoneMariaTheresadollar,anAustriansilvercoinwhichwasonceacceptedascurrencyinmanypartsofAfrica.

　　[F]TheearliestofthesearebetweenthreethousandandfourthousandyearsoldolderthantheearliestcoinsoftheeasternMediterranean.

　　答案与解析

　　41【答案】B

　　【解析】文章中指出当今世界的局部地方，硬币和纸币毫无用处了，选项B举例如果旅游者没有当地特殊的“货币”换取食物，就有可能饿死，为上文的很好例证，故选择B。

　　42【答案】A

　　【解析】原文指出“thereisadirectexchangeofgoods”即直接用货物交换，选项A“forthiskindsimpletrading”承接上文，指出交易不用货币，进一步解释，故A为正确答案。

　　43【答案】C

　　【解析】标题指出食盐作为货币使用，唯有选项C提到食盐在一部分地区的重要作用，为正确答案。

　　44【答案】E

　　【解析】这个题目很容易选出正确答案，选项E中“cowries”与文章中“cowrieseashells”相照应，为正确答案。

　　45【答案】F

　　【解析】本题选项D有很强的迷惑性，它仔细分析了金属货币的悠久历史而没有谈到纸币，故选F更符合文意，为正确答案。

　　Exercise2

　　PartB

　　Directions:

　　Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutstupidityfordummies,followedbyalistofexamples.ChoosethebestexamplefromthelistAFforeachnumberedsubheading（4145）.Thereisoneextraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

　　Sternberg,anexpertinintelligencetesting,contendsthat,contrarytopublicbelief,stupidnessisnottheoppositeofsmartness.Hepointsoutthatmanyofthesingularlyidioticactsthatcometopublicattentionaretheworkofpeoplewhoare,infact,highlyintelligent.Hearguesinsteadthatstupidityismoreproperlyviewedastheoppositeofwisdom—whichheseesastheabilitytoapplyknowledgetoachieveacommongood.His“imbalancetheoryoffoolishness”suggeststhatthereareaspectsoflifeasasmartpersonthatactuallyfosterstupidity.Whichistosay,itsometimestakesareallysmartpersontodosomethingtrulystupid.Sternbergrecentlytookthetimetoanswersomeofourstupidquestions.

　　41Whatattractedyoutothestudyofstupidity?

　　Therootsofthebookwereinmywonderingaboutwhatsupwithpeoplewhohaveveryhighintelligenceinthetraditionalsense,butseemtobeouttolunchinanothersense.

　　42Thedifferencebetweenstupidity,foolishness,dumbnessand,say,plainboneheadedness

　　Thebookisreallyaboutfoolishness,whichistheoppositeofwisdom.Therearemanysmartpeoplewhoareunwise.

　　43Doyouseestupidityasanobjectivebehavioror,asoneofyourcontributorsdoes,asubjectivejudgmentthatreflectsmoreontheobserver?

　　Stupidityisnotinthebehavior,norintheeyesoftheobserver.Itisintheinteractionbetweenthepersona