新题型.docx

1、新题型Exercise 1Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41 45, choose the most suitable one from the list A G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

2、 (10 points)We might marvel at the process made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It really is extraordinary that after all these years; educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and rel

3、iable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.41) . As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success of failure in our s

4、ociety. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. 42) . No one can give off his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.43) . A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yours

5、elf. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but indu

6、ce cramming. They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms. 44) . The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner. Examiners are only human. They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes. Yet the

7、y have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time. They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates. And their word carries weight. After a judge s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiners.45) . Is it cynical to suggest that examination

8、s are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis. The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall: I were a teenage drop out and now I are a teenage millionaire. A Every class at school req

9、uires homework, quizzes, tests, and finally, a final exam. We take exams to prove ourselves to prove we have advanced our education.B There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a persons true abilities.C Stress has hit an eleven on the one to ten scale during examinations

10、. Stress is not healthy, and it makes everyone angry. The last thing I remember when I go back to school is exams. Is the school trying aversion therapy on its student?D The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measu

11、red. Can we wonder at the increasing number of drop outs : young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?E It doesnt matter that you werent feeling very well, or that your mother died. Little thin

12、gs like that dont count: the exam goes on.F They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person s true ability and aptitude.G Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teachi

13、ng their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under stress.答案与解析41 【答案】F【解析】第41题位于文章第一段的末尾。这同样是一篇结构规范的短文，作者在第一段叙述一些事实后必然要表明自己

14、的立场，而根据全文内容，作者是不赞成用考试来衡量个人能力的，选项F中的“., but .”正是前文“opposite”所表示的具体内容。由此可见正确答案是F，“考试可能是检验记忆力，或者在极度紧张的情况下发现快速工作窍门的好方法。但是它不能告诉你一个人的真正能力和智能究竟怎样。”42 【答案】E【解析】第42题位于文章第二段的段中。做本题的关键时把握空白处所处的上下文语境。本段是在对考试进行贬责，而且一定需要大家抓住的是空白之后的文字有一层批评的意味，由此可见只有E是最合适的。”43 【答案】D【解析】第43题是文章的第三段。从选项来观察，好像没有一个能够承上启下的句子，因此可以依据先难后易的

15、原则暂时搁置本题，最后通读全文即得出答案D。44 【答案】G【解析】第44题在文章的第四段段中。这很明显的是要求大家观察上下文，找出中心词。那么根据本段内容可以比较容易的得出正确答案是G。45 【答案】B【解析】第45题位于文章最后一段的段首，这是对文章主旨的再加工，那么作者在“考试不是最佳检验手段”这一观点的基础上得出B，“这样的观点是很自然的，评判一个人真实的能力肯定有很多更简单和跟有效的方法。”Exercise 1Part BDirections :You are going to read a text about money, followed by a list of exampl

16、es. Choose the best example from the list A F for each numbered subheading (41 45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up four chief qualities of money some 2,000 year ago. It must be last

17、ing and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. In other words it must be, durable, distinct, divisible and portable. When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, fiat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes.41 But there are still parts of the world,

18、today where coins and notes are of no use.42 Among isolated peoples, who are not often reached by traders from outside, commerce usually meant barter.This is a direct exchange of goods. Perhaps it is fish for vegetables, meat for grain, or various kinds of food in exchange for pots, baskets, or othe

19、r manufactured goods.43.Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money, but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an absolute necessity.44.Cowrie sea shells have been used as money at some time or another over the greater part of the Old World. These we

20、re collected mainly from the beaches of the Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China.45.Metal, valued by weight, preceded coins in many parts of the world.Iron, in lumps, bars or rings is still used in many countries instead of money. It can either be exchanged for goo

21、ds, or made into tools, weapons or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, often in fiat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called cash .Nowadays, coins and notes have supplanted nearly all the more picturesque forms of money, and although in one or two of the mo

22、re remote countries people still hoard it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals, examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums.A For this kind of simple trading, money is not needed, but there is often some tiling that everyone wants and everybody can

23、use, such as salt to flavor, food, shell for ornaments, or iron and copper to make into tools and vessels. These things salt, shells or metals are still used as money in out of the way parts of the world today.B They will buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular loca

24、l money to exchange for food.C Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.D The earliest evolution of these paper notes and coins made of copper had developed rapidly in the western

25、Mediterranean.E In Africa, cowries were traded right across the continent from East to West Four or five thousand went for one Maria Theresa dollar, an Austrian silver coin which was once accepted as currency in many parts of Africa.F The earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousan

26、d years old older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.答案与解析41 【答案】B【解析】文章中指出当今世界的局部地方，硬币和纸币毫无用处了，选项B举例如果旅游者没有当地特殊的“货币”换取食物，就有可能饿死，为上文的很好例证，故选择B。42 【答案】A【解析】原文指出“there is a direct exchange of goods”即直接用货物交换，选项A“for this kind simple trading”承接上文，指出交易不用货币，进一步解释，故A为正确答案。43 【答案】C【解析】标题指出

27、食盐作为货币使用，唯有选项C提到食盐在一部分地区的重要作用，为正确答案。44 【答案】E【解析】这个题目很容易选出正确答案，选项E中“cowries”与文章中“cowrie sea shells”相照应，为正确答案。45 【答案】F【解析】本题选项D有很强的迷惑性，它仔细分析了金属货币的悠久历史而没有谈到纸币，故选F更符合文意，为正确答案。Exercise 2Part BDirections:You are going to read a text about stupidity for dummies, followed by a list of examples. Choose the b

28、est example from the list A F for each numbered subheading (41 45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Sternberg, an expert in intelligence testing, contends that, contrary to public belief, stupidness is not the opposite of smart

29、ness. He points out that many of the singularly idiotic acts that come to public attention are the work of people who are, in fact, highly intelligent. He argues instead that stupidity is more properly viewed as the opposite of wisdomwhich he sees as the ability to apply knowledge to achieve a commo

30、n good. His “imbalance theory of foolishness” suggests that there are aspects of life as a smart person that actually foster stupidity. Which is to say, it sometimes takes a really smart person to do something truly stupid. Sternberg recently took the time to answer some of our stupid questions.41 W

31、hat attracted you to the study of stupidity?The roots of the book were in my wondering about what s up with people who have very high intelligence in the traditional sense, but seem to be out to lunch in another sense.42 The difference between stupidity, foolishness, dumbness and, say, plain bone he

32、adednessThe book is really about foolishness, which is the opposite of wisdom. There are many smart people who are unwise.43 Do you see stupidity as an objective behavior or, as one of your contributors does, a subjective judgment that reflects more on the observer?Stupidity is not in the behavior, nor in the eyes of the observer. It is in the interaction between the person a