新疆兵团第二师华山中学学年高二上学期周测.docx

新疆兵团第二师华山中学学年高二上学期周测.docx

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新疆兵团第二师华山中学学年高二上学期周测

2017-2018学年第一学期高二年级周测卷

英语试卷（第一次）

（考试时间:

40分钟，满分100分）

A

Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?

Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?

Well,apparentlyit’sbecausewehavemirrorneurons（神经元）inourbrains.

Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething,ourbrainsimitate（模仿）it,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmile,talk,walk,danceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:

mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactions,theyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.

Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrains,butespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguages,andtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistento（forexample:

”Thehandtookholdoftheball”）,thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformed（inthisexample,actuallytakingholdofaball）.

Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.However,itisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.

Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswith

evermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract（互动）.Indeed,itmayturnouttobetheequivalent（相等物）forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein’stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—well,perhapsyou’llunderstandwhy.

1.Mirrorneuronscanexplain　　　.

A.whywecrywhenwearehurt

B.whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacold

C.whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmile

D.whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate

2.Theword“triggered”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“___”.

A.setoffB.cutoffC.builtupD.brokenup

3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons　　　.

A.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteraction

B.con

trolhumanphysicalactionsandfeelings

C.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisorders

D.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabo

ut?

A.Waystofindmirrorneurons.B.Problemsofmirrorneurons.

C.Existenceofmirrorneurons.D.Functionsofmirrorneurons.

B

Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeedingababyregularly.Asadoctor,motherandscientistinchilddevelopmentIbelievethereisnothingtorecommendit,fromthebaby’spointofview.

Mothers,doctorsandnursesalikehavenoideaofwhereababy’sbloodsugarlevellies.Allweknowisthatalowlevelisharmfultobraindevelopmentandmakesababyeasilyannoyed.Inthisstate,thebabyisdifficulttocalmdownandsleepisimpossible.Thebabyasksforattentionbycryingandsearchingforfoodwithitsmouth.

Itisnotjustunkindbutalsodangeroustosayafour-hourlyfeedingschedulewillmakeababysatisfied.Thefirstoftheexpertstoadvocateastrictclock-watchingschedulewasDrFredericTrubyKingwhowasagainstfeedinginthenight.I’veneverheardanythingsoridiculous.Babyfeedingshouldn’tfollowatimetablesetbythemum.Whatisimportantisfeedingababyinthebestway,thoughitmaycausesomeinconvenienceinthefirstfewweeks.

Well,atlastwehavecopper-bottomedresearchthatsupportsdemandfeedingandpointsouttheweaknessesofstrictlytimedfeeding.Theresearchfindsoutthatbabieswhoarefedondemanddobetteratschoolatage

5,7,11and14,thanbabiesfedaccordingtotheclock.Bytheageof8,theirIQ（智商）scoresarefourtofivepercenthigherthanbabiesfedbyarigidtimetable.ThisresearchcomesfromOxfordandEssexUniversityusingasamp

le（样本）of10,419childrenbornintheearly1990s,takingaccountofparentaleducation,familyincome,achild’ssexandage,themother’shealthandfeedingstyle.Theseresultsdon’tsurpriseme.Feedingaccordingtoschedulerunstheriskofharmingtherapidlygrowingbrainbytakingnoaccountofsinkingbloodsugarlevels.

Ihopethisresearchwillputanendtoadvocatingstrictlytimedbabyfeedingpractices.

5.AccordingtoParagraph2,onereasonwhyababycriesisthatitfeels_.

A.sickB.upsetC.sleepyD.hungry

6.WhatdoestheauthorthinkaboutDrKing?

A.Heisstrict.B.Heisunkind.

C.HehasthewrongideaD.Hesetsatimetableformothers.

7.Thewordcopper-bottomedinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto　.

A.basicB.reliableC.surprisingD.interesting

8.Whatdoestheresearchtellusaboutfeedingababyondemand?

A.Thebabywillsleepwell.B.Thebabywillhaveitsbrainharmed.

C.Thebabywillhavealowbloodsugarlevel.D.Thebabywillgrowtobewiserbytheageof8.

9.Theauthorsupportsfeedingthebaby　　　.

A.inthenightB.everyfourhoursC.wheneveritwantsfoodD.accordingtoitsbloodsugarlevel

C

Astronautsonshortershuttlemissions（使命）oftenworkverylongdays.Tasksarescheduledsotightlythatbreaktimesareoftenusedtofinishtheday’swork.ThistypeofscheduleisfartoodemandingforlongmissionsontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）.ISScrewmembersusuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofayear.TheyworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchaspossible.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluabletimetorestanddoafewhoursofhousework.Theycancommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsbyemail,internetphoneandthroughprivatevideoconferences.

Whileastronautscannotgotoabaseballgameoramovieinorbit,therearemanyfamiliaractivitiesthattheycanstillenjoy.Beforeamission,thefamilyandfriendsofeachISScrewmemberputtogetheracollectionoffamilyphotos,messages,videosandreadingmaterialfortheastronautstolookatwhentheywillbefloating370kilometersabovetheEarth.Duringtheirmission,thecrewalsoreceivescarepackageswithCDs,books,magazines,photosandletters.Andasfromearly2010,theinternetbecameavailableontheISS,givingastronautsthechancetodosome“websurfing（冲浪）”intheirpersonaltime.Besidesrelaxingwiththesemorecommonentertainments,astronautscansimplyenjoytheexperienceoflivinginspace.

ManyastronautssaythatoneofthemostrelaxingthingstodoinspaceistolookoutthewindowandstareattheuniverseandtheEarth.BoththeshuttleandtheISScircletheplanetseveraltimeseachday,andeverymomentoffersanewviewoftheEarth’svastlandmassandoceans.

10.Whatdoestheword“mimic”inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Find.B.Copy.C.

Change.D.Lose.

11.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefamiliesoftheastronautsontheISS?

A.Theyarecaringandthoughtful.B.Theyareworriedandupset.

C.Theyareimpatientandannoyed.D.Theyareexcitedandcurious.

12.Inthefinalparagraph,theauthorshowsthatastronauts　　　.

A.getmorepleasureinspacethanontheEarthB.findlivinginspaceabitboringandtiring

C.regardspacelifeascommonD.lovetoseetheEarthfromspace

13.Thepassagemainlydiscusseshowastronauts　　　.

A.workforlongermissionsinspaceB.connectwithpeopleontheEarth

C.observetheEarthfromspaceD.spendtheirfreetimeinspace

D

Honey（蜂蜜）fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees’nest（巢）andtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper—alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.

Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewax（蜂蜡）inthebeehives（蜂房）.Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees’nest.So,whenitfindsasuitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.

Scientistsdonotknowwhythehoneyguidelikeseatingthewax,butitisverydeterminedinitseffortstogetit.Thebirdsseemtobeabletosmellwaxfromalongdistanceaway.Theywillquicklyarrivewheneverabeekeeperistakinghoneyfromhisbeehives,andwillevenenterchurcheswhenbeeswaxcandlesarebeinglit.

14.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbees’nest?

A.It’ssmallinsize.B.It’shiddenintrees.

C.It’scoveredwithwax.D.It’shardtorecognize.

15.Whatdothewords“thefollower”inParagraph2referto?

A.Abee

.　B.Abird.C.Ahoneyseeker.D.Abeekeeper.

16.Thehoneyguideisspecialintheway　　　.

A.itgetsitsfoodB.itgoestochurch

C.itsingsintheforestD.itreachesintobees’nests

17.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoney

C.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover’sHelper

E

Youmaythinkthatsailingisadifficultsport,butitisreallynothardtolearnit.Youdonotneedtobestrong.Butyouneedtobequick.Andyouneedtounderstandafewbasicrulesaboutthewind.

First,youmustaskyourself,“Whereisthewindcomingfrom?

Isitcomingfroma