总结.docx

总结.docx

《总结.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《总结.docx（6页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

总结

HenryFielding

亨利·菲尔丁

（1707—1754）

▪（3）TomJones

▪《汤姆˙琼斯》（1749）

▪（4）Amelia

▪《阿米丽亚》（1751）

▪

（1）TheWelshOpera

▪《威尔斯歌剧》（1731）

▪

（2）DonQuixoteinEngland

▪《唐·吉诃德在英国》（1734）

▪（3）Pasqin《巴斯昆》（1736）

▪（4）TheHistoricalRegisterfortheYear1736

▪《一七三六年历史记事》（1737）

The“fatheroftheEnglishnovel”评论:

Theprofoundknowledgeofhumannaturewasacquiredby“conversation”.

Mostofhischaractersarecompoundedofbothobservationandimagination,ofbothexperienceandinvention.

▪Hesetsupthetheoryofrealisminliterarycreation.

▪ThebasisofFielding’sworkswas“natureherself”（theexactobservationandstudyofreallife）.

ThecentreofhisworkingphilosophywascommonearthlyMan.

DanielDefoe1660-1731:

迪福

vFiction

vRobinsonCrusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》1719

v评论:

vthefounderoftheEnglishnovel（beforehistimestorieswereusuallywrittenaslongpoemsordramas）

vTheimageofRobinsonCrusoe:

1.Oneoftherepresentativeoftherisingbourgeoisie

v2.AnenterprisingEnglishman

v3.Alaborer,ahard-workingindustriousandintelligentman.

v4.Atypicalcolonizer,explorer,andaforeigntrader.Heisalert,vigorousandresourceful

1.Characteristicsof

JaneAusten'snovels:

1content:

Austen'snovelsdescribeanarrowrangeofsociety&events:

aquiet,prosperous,middleclasscircleinprovincialsurroundings.

2.subjectmatter：

limited,themarriageproblemoftheyoungleisure-classladyofthatage,whohadnootherchoiceinherlifebuttofindagoodhusband.

3..Language:

wittyconversation&omnipresent（无所不在的）humor.Herlanguageshineswithanexquisitetouchoflivelygracefulness,elegant&refined,butnevershowy.

4.PrideandPrejudice

5.FirstPublished:

1813

6.Themes:

love,marriage,reputation,class

7.1）Yourunderstandingoftheopeningsentence.

8.2）WhatdoyouthinkofMr.andMrs.Bennetinthischapter?

9.3）Fromthefirstchapter,whatdoyouthinkwouldbethenoveldealwith?

►ThemainideaofthischapterTheparentsoftheBennetgirlsareconsideringtheprospectsoftheirdaughters'marriageshortlyafterhearingofthearrivalofarichunmarriedyoungman,Mr.Bingley,astheirneighbor.

►Mr.andMrs.BennetIntheauthor'sdescriptionoftheconversationbetweenMr.AndMrs.B,therelationshipofthehusbandandwifeandtheirattitudetowardseachotherarealsosubtlypresented.WecanseethatMrs.Bennetisanempty-mindedwoman.Mr.Bennetisamanofintricatecharacterandquickwit.Histeasingtoneandsarcastishumorarejustbeyondhiswife'sunderstanding.eg:

"youareashandsomeasanyofthem..."

►Thesentenceisusedintheironicway.ThepityisthatMrs.Bennet,whofailedtoseetheironyway,takesitasakindofflatteryfromherhusband.

►Whatdoesthenoveldealwith?

Theeverydaylifeintheenglishcountryside,particularlywiththeloveandmarriageoftheyoungermembersofthosefamilies.

►Intheopeningsentenceofthenovel,JaneAustenismakinganironicsuggestionthatthefamiliesinthesocietyshewroteaboutwerealwayslookingforrichhusbandstowhomtheycouldmarrytheirdaughters.Thesentencesetsthetonefortheentirenovel.

►"itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged"impliesthatthenovelwilldealwithtruths,butthesecondhalfofthesentencerevealsthatthegreatuniversaltruthisnomorethanaconsiderationofacommonsocialsituation.

弥尔顿：

vBornintobourgeoisclass

™Proclaimedthathewouldwritea“greatEnglishEpic”

™Studiedindependentlyforsixyears

vStronglysupportedthePuritanReformation

vWrotewithstrongindependenceandonavarietyoftopics

™Churchgovernment

™Divorce

™Republicanism

vSufferedmanytragedies

™Wifeandsondiedin1652

™Becameblindthesameyear

™Newwifeanddaughterdiedin1656

™WentintohidingafterthereturnofCharlesII,brieflyimprisoned

™DismayedbythefailureoftheReformation

Swift：

Literaryposition

HeisoneofgreatestmastersofEnglishprose;

Heisamastersatirist;eventodayheisstillregardedasanationalheroinIreland

（1）Swift’sWorks：

ATaleofaTub

（2）TheBattleofBooks

《一个木桶的故事》1704《书战》1704

Bickerstaff‘Almanac（比克斯塔夫先生的历书）

PredictionsfortheYear1708《对1708的预言》

（4）VindicationofIsaacBickerstaff

《比克斯塔夫先生的辩护》Swift’sgreatestsatireGulliver'sTravels,iswrittenin1726,thebookhasnotlostitssignificancetothepresentdayandcanbejustlyrankedamongthebestnovelofworldliterature.

Concernsinhisworks

Swiftwasamanofgreatmoralintegrityandsocialcharm.Hehadadeephatredforalltherichoppressorsandadeepsympathyforallthepoorandoppressed.

Hisunderstandingofhumannatureisprofound.Inhisopinion,humannatureisseriouslyandpermanentlyflawed.Tobetterhumanlife,enlightenmentisneeded,buttoredressitisveryhard.So,inhiswritings,althoughheintendsnottocondemnbuttoreformandimprovehumannatureandhumaninstitutions,thereisoftenanovertoneofhelplessnessandindignation.

●truthsTheessenceoftheRenaissancespirit:

theideathatpeoplewerewonderfulcreaturesthatcouldreasonandcreate.“Manisthemeasureofallthings

ThemaintraitsoftheRenaissanceliterature

Itadvocatesthefullexpressionofindividualismandthefulfillmentofone’sabilities.

3.Itaffirmsthedelightofearthlyachievement,aswellasman’sdesireforhappinessandpleasure.

●Importantpoets:

1.EdmundSpencer（1552-1599）

TheFaerieQueen（1590）

2.JohnMilton（1608-1674）

ParadiseLost（1667）

ParadiseRegained（1671）

SamsonAgonistes（1671）

●Theriseofnovel

●JohnBunyan（1628-1688）

Pilgrim’sProgress（1678）

●ElizabethanProse

FrancisBacon（1561-1626）—Essays（1597）

●Elizabethandrama

ChristopherMarlowe（1564-1593）

TheTragicalHistoryofDoctorFaustus

●Heisforeverunmaskingtheworld.Hediscovershowwickedandunjusttheworldhelivesinis.Hisobservationofhisworldis

●莎士比亚

●summedupinabittersentence:

“Denmarkisaprison.”

●Hamletisnotamerescholar,simplymeditativebynature.Onthecontrary,Hamletisamanofgenius,highlyaccomplishedandeducated,amanofprofoundperceptionandsparklingwit.Heisascholar,soldierandstatesmanallcombined.HisimagereflectstheversatilityofthemenoftheRenaissance.

P.B.Shelley（1792-1822

⏹OdetotheWestWind西风颂

⏹ToaSkylark云雀颂

⏹TheCloud云

⏹PrometheusUnbound解放了的普罗米修斯

⏹QueenMab麦布女王

⏹TheMasqueofAnarchy专治魔王的化装游行

⏹TheNecessityofAtheism无神论的重要性

⏹ADefenceofPoetry诗辩ShelleygrewupwithrevolutionaryideasundertheinfluenceofHumeandGodwin.Heheldalifelongaversiontocruelty,injustice,authorityandinstitutionalreligion.

⏹ShelleyisoneofthegreatestEnglishlyricalpoets.Heexpresseshisloveforfreedomandhishatredtowardstyranny.

⏹Hispoemsaboundwithpersonification,metaphorandotherfiguresofspeech.

⏹ShelleyisoneofthemostimportantdramatistsofEnglishRomanticism.HisgreatestachievementintheaterliesinhispoeticdramaPrometheusUnbound.

WilliamWordsworth

（1770-1850）

⏹WilliamWordsworth,istherepresentativepoetoftheearlyromanticism.

⏹HeisoneofthegreatestEnglishpoets,aleaderoftheRomanticMovementinEngland.

⏹Agreatpoetofnature

⏹TheDaffodils（IWanderedLonelyasaCloud）,TinternAbbey,TotheCuckoo,MyHeartLeapsup,ToaButterfly,AnEveningWalk,&TheSparrow’sNest.

⏹Hisbestknownpoemsabouthumanlifeinclude:

⏹LucyPoems,TheSolitaryReaperandTheOldCumberlandBeggar,Michael,&ToaHighlandGirl.

.LyricalBallads《抒情歌谣集》

⏹Wordsworthisregardedasa“worshipper（崇拜者）ofnature.”ToWordsworth,natureactsasasubstituteforimaginativeandintellectualengagementwiththedevelopmentofembodiedhumanbeingsintheirdiversecircumstances.e.g.IwanderedLonelyasaCloud

⏹②Wordsworththinksthatcommonlifeistheonlysubjectofliteraryinterest.Thejoysandsorrowsofthecommonpeoplearehisthemes.LucyPoems

⏹Wordsworthredefinespoetryitself:

“Forallgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.”好的诗歌是强烈感情的自然流露

⏹Wordsworthhighlightedpoetry’semotionalquality,imagination,notreasonordisciplinedthought.

⏹LakePoets湖畔派诗人

⏹WilliamWordsworth（1770-1850）

⏹SamuelT.Coleridge（1772-1934）

⏹RobertSouthey（1774-1843）

RevolutionaryPoets革命派诗人

⏹GeorgeG.Byron（1788-1824）

⏹PercyB.Shelley（1792-1822）

⏹JohnKeats（1795-1821）