初中英语动词时态复习讲义.docx
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初中英语动词时态复习讲义
初中英语动词时态复习讲义
一般现在时
1、动词的第三人称词尾变化:
当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s或-es:
规则
动词原形
第三人称单数形式
一般在词尾加-s,(清辅音后读∕s∕,在浊辅音后读∕z∕;在t后读∕ts∕,在d后读∕dz∕。
)
play
leave
swim
plays
leaves
swims
以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es,读∕iz∕,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。
pass
fix
teach
wish
do
passes
fixes
teaches
wishes
does
以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读∕z∕。
study
carry
fly
studies
carries
flies
注意:
动词have的第三人称单数是has。
写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。
1.cook_______2.watch________3.build_________4.have________5.wash________
6.enjoy______7.go_________8receive______9cry______10.close________
11.drive_______12.choose______13.play________14.reach________15.fix________
2、一般现在时的用法
1)表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的副词连用。
常用的频度副词有:
always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes、everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays、inspring等。
频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。
例如:
Heoftengoesswimminginsummer.他夏天经常游泳。
Iusuallyleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七点离开家。
2)表示现在的状态。
例如:
Myfatherisatwork.Heisverybusy.我父亲在工作,他很忙。
Theboyistwelve.这男孩十二岁。
3)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。
例如:
Allmyfamilylovefootball.我全家人都喜欢足球。
Mysisterisalwaysreadytohelpothers.我妹妹总是乐于助人。
AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。
4)表示客观真理,客观存在,自然现象。
例如:
Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕太阳转动。
ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。
5)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。
但只限于start、begin、leave、go、come、arrive、return、takeplace等。
例如:
Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火车明天上午六点开。
Hecomesbacktonight.他今晚回来。
6)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。
例如:
I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。
Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。
巩固练习:
一、单项选择题
1.Jenny!
Doyouknowthatone-thirdoftheboysinourclass______thesingerZhangShaohan?
A.likeB.likesC.liking
2.Thesenseofhappinesswillincreaseifyou______whatyouliketodo.
A.doB.didC.willdo
3.Bettywillringmeupwhenshe_______inBeijing.
A.arriveB.arrivesC.arrivedD.willarrive
4.Ifyou_____yourhomework,youcangoouttoplayfootball.
A.finishB.willfinishC.arefinishing
5.Nowmyfather_____hisbiketoworkeverydayinsteadofdriving.
A.rideB.rodeC.ridesD.willride
6.Thisgirlisreadytohelppeopleanytime.Whensheisonthebus,shealwaysherseattosomeoneinneed.
A.givesB.giveC.gaveD.giving
7.—WhenwillheleaveforShanghai?
—Assoonashe_hiswork.
A.finishedB.willfinishC.isfinishingD.finishes
8.AlthoughBillisn’trichenough,heoften______moneytothepoor.
A.willgiveB.wasgivingC.givesD.gave
9.----Canyourfatherdrive?
----Yes,andhetoworkeveryday.
A.isdrivingB.droveC.drivesD.hasdriven
10.Johnlikesplayingsoccerverymuchandhe_____aboutonehourplayingiteveryday.
A.spentB.willspendC.hasspentD.spends
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Weoften___________(play)intheplayground.
2.He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.
3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.
4.What________(do)heusually______(do)afterschool?
5.Danny_______(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.
6.Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.
7.Ateightatnight,sheoften__________(watch)TVwithhisparents.
8.________Mike________(read)Englisheveryday?
9.Howmanylessons_________yourclassmate________(have)onMonday?
10.Whattime_________hismother_________(do)thehousework?
三、单项选择。
(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)
()1.I________toschoolat7:
00inthemorning.
A.goB.goingC.goesD.went
()2.They_______bookseverydayinthelibrary.
A.readsB.readC.readingD.reader
()3.Themonkey________eatingbananasverymuch.
A.likeB.likesC.likingD.liked
()4.Myfather________toreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.
A.likeB.likesC.likingD.liked
()5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymother_________likeit.
A.don’tB.doesn’tC.doesD.did
()6.____________yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?
A.doB.areC.doesD.did
()7.Wewillgoshoppingifit____tomorrow.
A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'train
()8.Hesaidthesun____intheeastand____inthewest.
A.rose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets
()9.WangMei____musicandoften____tomusic.
Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen
()10.Jenny____Englisheveryevening.
AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied
一般过去时
一、动词过去式的规则变化:
构成规则
动词原形
动词过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,(在清辅音后读∕t∕;在浊辅音和元音后读∕d∕;在∕t∕,∕d∕后读∕id∕。
look
play
work
looked
played
worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like
live
hope
liked
lived
hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed
plan
stop
drop
planned
stopped
dropped
结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“I”再加-ed
study
worry
cry
studies
worries
cries
写出下列动词的过去式形式。
1.put________2.drink_______3.cry_______4.pull________5.ride________
6.begin________7.sit________8.run_________9.take_________10.sweep_______
11.stop_______12.solve_______13.rob________14.wait_________15.lie_________
16.turn______17.explore_______18.drop_______19.clean______20.produce_____
21.get__________22.laugh________23.pay________24.die_________25.prefer______
二.一般过去时的用法
1)表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语justnow,in1982,ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime等连用。
在一般过去式中,要表达“过多少时间之后”,一般用after。
几年后。
例如:
Wheredidyougojustnow?
刚才你上哪儿去了?
Afterafewyears,shestartedtoplaythepiano.几年后,她开始弹钢琴。
2)表示在过去,经常或反复发生的动作。
常与often,always等表示频度的副词连用。
例如:
WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballin/onthestreet.我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。
3)一般过去式也可与today,thisweek,thismonth,thisyear等表现在的时间状语连用,但这些时间状语须指过去的时间,决不包含“现在”“此时此刻”的意思。
例如:
Didyouseehimtoday?
今天你看见他了吗?
巩固练习:
一、单项选择
(1)
1.—When________you________youroldfriend?
—Thedaybeforeyesterday.
A.will,visitB.did,visitC.have,visitedD.are,visit
2.—Excuseme,pleaselookatthesign“Nosmoking”.—Sorry,I_______.
A.don’tnoticeitB.amnotnoticedC.didn’tnoticeitD.wasn’tnoticed
3.EveryoneexceptBillandJim_______therewhenthemeetingbegan.
A.wasB.isC.areD.were
4.I________inthissmallmountainvillagewhenIwasachild.
A.usetoliveB.usedtolivingC.usedtoliveD.usedtolife
5.—Howwasyourweekend?
—Great!
We_______apicnicbythelake.
A.haveB.arehavingC.hadD.willhave
6.—Haven’tItoldyouIlikecoffeewithoutsugar?
—Sorry,butIonly________alittle.
A.amputtingB.putC.willputD.wasputting
7.Thebus_______suddenlywhenagroupofstudentsranontotheroad.
A.stopsB.stoppedC.hasstoppedD.isstopping
8.Myuncleused_______averygoodfootballplayer,butthiswasalongtimeago.
A.tobeingB.beingC.beD.tobe
9.Oh,thisisreallyabigshop.Doyouknowwhenit________?
A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.hasbeenbuilt
10.—When_______you_______thebike?
—Lastmonth.
A.have,boughtB.had,boughtC.do,buyD.did,buy
11.—MayI_______yourdictionary?
—Sorry,I_______itathome.
A.borrow,forgotB.borrow,leftC.lend,forgotD.lend,left
12.Whatdoyouthink_______her_______?
A.make,sadB.makes,sadlyC.made,sadD.made,sadly
13.—WhatdidyoudoonMayDay?
—Iwentshoppingwithmyfamily.There____somanypeopleinthestreet.
A.wasB.areC.wereD.is
14.—Haveyoumendedyourshoes,Bob?
—Yes,I_______themtwentyminutesago.
A.havemendedB.mendC.hadmendedD.mended
15.—I’msorryyouhavemissedthebus.It_______fiveminutesago.—Whatapity!
A.wasleavingB.hasleftC.leftD.leaves
16.She_______theTVplayyesterday.
A.watchesB.watchedC.haswatchedD.willwatch
17.He_______thefilmyesterday.
A.seesB.sawC.hasseenD.willsee
18.—When_______yourbrother_______back?
—Abouthalfanhourago.
A.did,comeB.had,comeC.do,comeD.have,come
19.—Inventorshavechangedthewaywelive.—Sotheyarefamousforthegreatthingsthey_______.
A.doB.didC.aredoingD.haddone
20.Grandma______usstorieswhenwewereveryyoung.
A.usedtotellB.isusedtotellC.wasusedtotellD.usedtotelling
二、单项选择
(2)
()1.Themotheraskedtheboy_______downtheladder,buthewenton_______instead.
A.come;climbingB.tocome;toclimbC.tocome;climbingD.coming;climbing
()2.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoclosethewindows_______thewindfrom_______thepapersaway.
A.tostop;blowingB.stopping;blowingC.tostop;blowD.stopped;blow
()3.Thesickmanstayedinbed,_______veryterrible.
A.feltB.feelingC.isfeelingD.wasfeeling
()4.YesterdayIheardastory_______bymyfriend.
A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tell
()5.Theboywasmade_______thereforanhourbyhisfather.
A.standingB.standC.tostandD.stands
()6.Isawhim_______intothesmallstore.
A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone
()7.Heraisedhisvoicetomakeeverybodyintheroom______himclearly.
A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard
()8.Ourgeographyteachertoldusyesterdaythattheearth_______aroundthesun.
A.wasmovingB.movedC.hasmovedD.moves
()9.Oh,it’syou.I’msorryI_______knowyou_______here.
A.don’t;areB.didn’t;areC.didn’t;wereD.don’t;were
()10.MrLuXundiedin1936.He_______alotoffamous