Unit 4 Global warming主题语境人与自然地球与宇宙奥秘.docx
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Unit4Globalwarming主题语境人与自然地球与宇宙奥秘
Unit4
1quantityn.量;数量;数目,数额
【经典例句】 AsfarasI'mconcerned,itisqualityratherthanquantitythatreallycounts.
就我个人而言,重要的是质量而不是数量。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Everydayinhotsummer,alargequantityofbeer_is_consumed(consume).
(2)Largequantitiesofwater_have_been_polluted(pollute)recently,sothelakesmellsterrible.
(3)Ifyoubuythisgoods_inquantity,wewillofferabetterpricetoyou.
[能力提升]——完成句子
(4)在考前,我花了大量的时间做准备。
否则,我不会成功地通过考试。
Beforetheexam,I_spent_a_large_quantity_of_time_in_preparing_
forit.Otherwise,Iwouldn'thavesucceededinpassingtheexam.
2opposevt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量
【经典例句】 Imustsay,incommonwithHelen,thatIstronglyoppose/amstronglyopposedtotheproposal.
我必须说,与海伦一样,我坚决反对这个建议。
(1)opposedoingsth.反对做某事
(2)opposedadj.反对的;对立的
beopposedtodoingsth.反对做某事
(3)oppositen.相反的人或事物adj.相反的;对立的
[基础练习]——完成句子/词汇升级
高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。
①低级词汇:
Theseniorstudents_are_strongly_againstbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.
②高级词汇:
Theseniorstudentsstrongly_objected_tobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.
③高级词汇:
Theseniorstudents_are_strongly_opposed_tobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.
3consequencen.结果;后果;影响
【经典例句】 Asaconsequenceofhumanactivitieslikecuttingdownbamboos,thepandasarelackingoffoodsource.
由于像砍伐竹子这样的人类活动,熊猫缺少了食物来源。
(1)asaconsequence/result=inconsequence因此;结果
asaconsequence/resultof=inconsequenceof因为……的缘故
of(no/little)consequence有(无)意义;重(不重)要
(2)consequentadj.作为结果的;随之发生的
(3)consequentlyadv.结果
[基础练习]——完成句子/词汇升级
我父亲吸烟上瘾,因此日夜咳嗽。
①低级词汇:
Myfatherisaddictedtosmoking,_as_a_result,hecoughsdayandnight.
②高级词汇:
Myfatheraddictshimselftosmoking,_as_a_consequence,hecoughsdayandnight.
rangen.山脉;范围;行列;种类
v.排列;变化;变动
【经典例句】 Thetabletennisteamwillholdarangeofactivitiesincludingsometrainingandmatches.
乒乓球队将举办一系列的活动,包括一些训练和比赛。
(1)awiderangeof一系列……;各种各样的
in/withinrange在……范围内
beyond/outofrange在……范围外
(2)rangefrom...to...在……范围内变动
rangebetween...and...在……和……范围内变动
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.
(2)Heisthemanagerofourcompany,sohiringandfiringare_withintherangeofhisresponsibilities.
(3)Wehave_awiderangeofchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
(4)听众大多是中学生,其年龄从12岁到18岁不等。
①普通表达:
Thelistenersaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,_and_their_ages_range_from12to18.(并列句)
②高级表达:
Thelistenersaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,_whose_ages_range_from12to18.(定语从句)
③高级表达:
Thelistenersaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,_with_their_ages_ranging_from12to18.(with复合结构)
averageadj.平均的;普通的
n.平均数;一般水准
v.计算出……的平均数
【经典例句】 Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.
随着人口平均年龄的增长,越来越多的老人要照顾。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃_abovetheaverage.
(2)_Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.
[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级
(3)这辆汽车以平均每小时50千米的速度在行驶。
①普通表达:
Thecarisrunning_at_an_average_speed_of50kilometresanhour.(ataspeedof)
②高级表达:
Thecarisrunning,_whose_speed_averages_out_at50kilometresanhour.(定语从句)
6circumstancen.环境;情况
【经典例句】 Recyclecans,bottles,plasticbagsandnewspapersifcircumstancesallowyouto.
如果条件允许,把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。
in/undernocircumstances决不(=never)(放句首时主句用倒装语序)
in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下;既然这样
in/underanycircumstances在任何情况下
ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情况允许
[基础练习]——完成句子/句式升级
即使大家都离开了你,你也决不能放弃你的梦想。
①普通表达:
You_should_not_give_upyourdreamsevenifeverybodygoesfarawayfromyou.
②高级表达:
Undernocircumstances_should_you_give_upyourdreamsevenifeverybodygoesfarawayfromyou.(倒装句)
7comeabout发生;造成
【经典例句】 Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?
那么,这种情况是如何发生的?
会产生什么影响呢?
Howdoesitcomeaboutthat...……是怎么发生的
comeacross偶然碰到
comeout出版;出现;显露;结果是
comedown倒塌;病倒;流传下来
[基础练习]——用上述词语的适当形式填空
(1)Icameacrossagroupofchildrenplaying.
(2)Thetruthisbeginningtocomeoutaboutwhathappened.
(3)Howdidit_come_aboutthatthedairyproductswereharmfultochildren?
(4)Greatchanges_have_come_aboutinourschoolinthepastfewyears.
8putupwith容忍;忍受
【经典例句】 Idon'tknowhowyouputupwiththeirconstantquarrelling.
我不知你是如何忍受他们无休止的争吵的。
[基础练习]——用put的相关短语填空
(1)Hedecidedthathewoulddrivebacktotowninsteadof_putting_upforthenightatthehotel.
(2)Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan_put_downalmosteverywordherteachersays.
(3)I'mnotgoingto_put_up_withtheirsmokinganylonger.
(4)Asuggestionhasbeen_put_forwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.
advocatevt.拥护;提倡;主张
n.提供者,拥护者
advocatedoingsth.主张做某事
advocatethat...主张;提倡(谓语用“should+do”)
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
(1)Manyexpertsadvocate_rewarding(reward)yourchildforgoodbehaviour.
(2)Animalactivistsadvocatethatthegovernment_should_set(set)upaspecialorganizationtoprotectthesemigratingbirds.
10resultin导致,引起;结果是
resultfrom...由……而引起
asaresult结果
asaresultof...由于……
[基础练习]——完成句子
(1)_As_a_result/consequence(因此,结果),inordertoenrichmysocialexperience,Idecidedtoapplyforthejob.
(2)Misunderstandings_resulting_from(因……引起)lackofsocialcommunication,ifnothandledproperly,mayleadtoseriousproblems.
(3)AsfarasIknow,hiscarelessness_resulted_in(导致了)theterribleaccident.
(教材P30)ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!
只要你在使用电器设备你可以把它开着。
如果不用就把它关掉!
(1)as/solongas意为“只要”,用来引导条件状语从句。
(2)aslongas还可表示“与……一样长”。
Youcanwriteanythingrelevantas/solongasit'sinterestingandinformative.
只要内容有趣且信息量大,你可以写任何相关的内容。
Thislineisfourtimesaslongasthatone.
这条线是那条线的四倍长。
易混辨析:
短语
原意
引申义
aslongas
与……一样长
只要
aswellas
与……一样好
也;和
asfaras
远及/到……
就……而言;至于
asgoodas
与……一样好
几乎
[基础练习]——用as的相关短语填空
(1)Don'tmindwhatotherssay_so_long_asweareconfidentinwhatwehavedone.
(2)We_as_well_asTomwenttoHainantospendourholiday.
(3)_As_far_asIamconcerned,Iamstronglyagainsttheplan.
(4)Adistantrelativeisnot_as_good_asanearneighbour.
[能力提升]——完成句子
(5)生活中我们可能遇到许多的失败,但只要我们尽了力,就没有必要为失败而后悔。
Inourlifewemaymeetmanyfailures.Aslongaswetryourbest,thereisnoneedtofeelregretforthesefailures.
1.InChinaaboutthreebillionplasticshoppingbagsare_consumed(消耗)everyday.
2._Glancing(扫视)round,hecaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.
3.Notonlycantakingexercisecontributetohealthbutitalso_refreshes(使振作)yourmind.
4.Ifirstreadthefashionmagazineoveradecadeagoandhave_subscribed(订购)toitsince.
5.Cyclinghasbecomeanew_trend(趋势)aroundtheworld,agoodwayofenergysavingandlowcarbonlife.
6.Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehaveawider_range(范围)ofchoicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.
7.Chinesepeoplereadon_average(平均的)abouteightbooksintheyear2016,aslightincreasecomparedwiththatinthepreviousyears.
8.Inmyopinion,althoughtheinternetprovidesuswithemotionalcomfortaswellaslarge_quantities(数量)ofinformation,weshouldbecarefulwhileusingit.
9.We_advocate(提倡)usingclothorpaperbagsinsteadofplasticones.
10.Theemploymentproblemtendstobeacommon_phenomenon(现象)inalotofcountries.
(一)考点练习
1.Inresponsetotheappeal,Ihavemadesomechangesinmywayoflife,which_ranges(range)fromtransportationtowatersaving.
2.Manycitizensareopposedto_pulling(pull)downtheoldbuilding,becauseitdatesbacktothe16thcentury,whichshouldbeprotected.
3.TheQinghaiTibetPlateauistheworld'shighestplateau,_averaging(average)over4,000metresabovesealevel.
4.Weshouldmaketeenagersrealizetheriskand_consequence(consequent)oftakingdrugsbyputtingmoresafetyeducationintotextbooks.
5.Inordertokeepriversandlakescleanandpreventwaterfrom_being_polluted(pollute),wemustdosomethingtoprotectthem.
6.Underthese_circumstances(circumstance),whatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitudes.
7.Mydeskmateisgood,kind,hardworkingandintelligent._Onthewhole,Ican'tspeaktoohighlyofhim.
8.Mymainreasonforsubscribing_toNewScientististokeepthepaceofadvancesinscience.
9.Barbaraisinherlatefortiesandhasa_tendency(tend)tocomplainaboutwhatshedoesn'tfeelcontentwith.
10.Inspiteofthis,thenumberofpeoplehavingmobilephonesisincreasing_steadily(steady).
(二)语法专练——it的用法(Ⅱ)
11.AlthoughitwastenyearsagothatIreadthebook,_itshowsmeauniversaltruththatbooksarefriends,alwayspushingustomoveon.
12._Itwasn'tuntilinhighschoolthatIbegantotrustotherpeopleagain.
13._Itishowyouhandleeachchallengethatcounts.
14._ItwasnotthewordyousaidthatangeredMrZhang,buthowyousaidit.
15._Itisonlyinthelastfewyearsthatfreeflyinghasgainedrealpublicacceptance.
1.Opposedtheplanofraisingprices,thepublicdecidedtogoonstrikeonSunday._Opposed→Opposing或Opposed后加to
2.Foraverage,studentsinSeniorOnespend7hoursperweekreading._For→On
3.Asconsequenceofhumanactivitieslikecuttingdownbamboos,thepandasarelackingoffoodsource._As后加a或As→In
4.Iwentonadietwhenmydoctortoldmethatmybloodpressuretendstobehigh._tends→tended
5.Forgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultfromyougettingwet._from→in
6.Atpresent,alargequantityoffoodandwaterareneededintheearthquakestrickenarea._are→is
7.Asweall