Unit 4 Global warming主题语境人与自然地球与宇宙奥秘.docx

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Unit 4 Global warming主题语境人与自然地球与宇宙奥秘.docx

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Unit 4 Global warming主题语境人与自然地球与宇宙奥秘.docx

Unit4Globalwarming主题语境人与自然地球与宇宙奥秘

Unit4

1quantityn.量;数量;数目,数额

【经典例句】 AsfarasI'mconcerned,itisqualityratherthanquantitythatreallycounts.

就我个人而言,重要的是质量而不是数量。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

(1)Everydayinhotsummer,alargequantityofbeer_is_consumed(consume).

(2)Largequantitiesofwater_have_been_polluted(pollute)recently,sothelakesmellsterrible.

(3)Ifyoubuythisgoods_inquantity,wewillofferabetterpricetoyou.

[能力提升]——完成句子

(4)在考前,我花了大量的时间做准备。

否则,我不会成功地通过考试。

Beforetheexam,I_spent_a_large_quantity_of_time_in_preparing_

forit.Otherwise,Iwouldn'thavesucceededinpassingtheexam.

2opposevt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量

【经典例句】 Imustsay,incommonwithHelen,thatIstronglyoppose/amstronglyopposedtotheproposal.

我必须说,与海伦一样,我坚决反对这个建议。

(1)opposedoingsth.反对做某事

(2)opposedadj.反对的;对立的

beopposedtodoingsth.反对做某事

(3)oppositen.相反的人或事物adj.相反的;对立的

[基础练习]——完成句子/词汇升级

高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。

①低级词汇:

Theseniorstudents_are_strongly_againstbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.

②高级词汇:

Theseniorstudentsstrongly_objected_tobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.

③高级词汇:

Theseniorstudents_are_strongly_opposed_tobeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.

3consequencen.结果;后果;影响

【经典例句】 Asaconsequenceofhumanactivitieslikecuttingdownbamboos,thepandasarelackingoffoodsource.

由于像砍伐竹子这样的人类活动,熊猫缺少了食物来源。

(1)asaconsequence/result=inconsequence因此;结果

asaconsequence/resultof=inconsequenceof因为……的缘故

of(no/little)consequence有(无)意义;重(不重)要

(2)consequentadj.作为结果的;随之发生的

(3)consequentlyadv.结果

[基础练习]——完成句子/词汇升级

我父亲吸烟上瘾,因此日夜咳嗽。

①低级词汇:

Myfatherisaddictedtosmoking,_as_a_result,hecoughsdayandnight.

②高级词汇:

Myfatheraddictshimselftosmoking,_as_a_consequence,hecoughsdayandnight.

rangen.山脉;范围;行列;种类

v.排列;变化;变动

【经典例句】 Thetabletennisteamwillholdarangeofactivitiesincludingsometrainingandmatches.

乒乓球队将举办一系列的活动,包括一些训练和比赛。

 

(1)awiderangeof一系列……;各种各样的

in/withinrange在……范围内

beyond/outofrange在……范围外

(2)rangefrom...to...在……范围内变动

rangebetween...and...在……和……范围内变动

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

(1)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.

(2)Heisthemanagerofourcompany,sohiringandfiringare_withintherangeofhisresponsibilities.

(3)Wehave_awiderangeofchoicessuchastravelingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

(4)听众大多是中学生,其年龄从12岁到18岁不等。

①普通表达:

Thelistenersaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,_and_their_ages_range_from12to18.(并列句)

②高级表达:

Thelistenersaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,_whose_ages_range_from12to18.(定语从句)

③高级表达:

Thelistenersaremostlymiddleschoolstudents,_with_their_ages_ranging_from12to18.(with复合结构)

averageadj.平均的;普通的

n.平均数;一般水准

v.计算出……的平均数

【经典例句】 Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.

随着人口平均年龄的增长,越来越多的老人要照顾。

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

(1)Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃_abovetheaverage.

(2)_Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.

[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级

(3)这辆汽车以平均每小时50千米的速度在行驶。

①普通表达:

Thecarisrunning_at_an_average_speed_of50kilometresanhour.(ataspeedof)

②高级表达:

Thecarisrunning,_whose_speed_averages_out_at50kilometresanhour.(定语从句)

6circumstancen.环境;情况

【经典例句】 Recyclecans,bottles,plasticbagsandnewspapersifcircumstancesallowyouto.

如果条件允许,把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。

 

in/undernocircumstances决不(=never)(放句首时主句用倒装语序)

in/underthecircumstances在这种情况下;既然这样

in/underanycircumstances在任何情况下

ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情况允许

[基础练习]——完成句子/句式升级

即使大家都离开了你,你也决不能放弃你的梦想。

①普通表达:

You_should_not_give_upyourdreamsevenifeverybodygoesfarawayfromyou.

②高级表达:

Undernocircumstances_should_you_give_upyourdreamsevenifeverybodygoesfarawayfromyou.(倒装句)

7comeabout发生;造成

【经典例句】 Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?

那么,这种情况是如何发生的?

会产生什么影响呢?

 

Howdoesitcomeaboutthat...……是怎么发生的

comeacross偶然碰到

comeout出版;出现;显露;结果是

comedown倒塌;病倒;流传下来

[基础练习]——用上述词语的适当形式填空

(1)Icameacrossagroupofchildrenplaying.

(2)Thetruthisbeginningtocomeoutaboutwhathappened.

(3)Howdidit_come_aboutthatthedairyproductswereharmfultochildren?

(4)Greatchanges_have_come_aboutinourschoolinthepastfewyears.

8putupwith容忍;忍受

【经典例句】 Idon'tknowhowyouputupwiththeirconstantquarrelling.

我不知你是如何忍受他们无休止的争吵的。

 

[基础练习]——用put的相关短语填空

(1)Hedecidedthathewoulddrivebacktotowninsteadof_putting_upforthenightatthehotel.

(2)Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecan_put_downalmosteverywordherteachersays.

(3)I'mnotgoingto_put_up_withtheirsmokinganylonger.

(4)Asuggestionhasbeen_put_forwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.

advocatevt.拥护;提倡;主张

n.提供者,拥护者

 

advocatedoingsth.主张做某事

advocatethat...主张;提倡(谓语用“should+do”)

[基础练习]——单句语法填空

(1)Manyexpertsadvocate_rewarding(reward)yourchildforgoodbehaviour.

(2)Animalactivistsadvocatethatthegovernment_should_set(set)upaspecialorganizationtoprotectthesemigratingbirds.

10resultin导致,引起;结果是

 

resultfrom...由……而引起

asaresult结果

asaresultof...由于……

[基础练习]——完成句子

(1)_As_a_result/consequence(因此,结果),inordertoenrichmysocialexperience,Idecidedtoapplyforthejob.

(2)Misunderstandings_resulting_from(因……引起)lackofsocialcommunication,ifnothandledproperly,mayleadtoseriousproblems.

(3)AsfarasIknow,hiscarelessness_resulted_in(导致了)theterribleaccident.

(教材P30)ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff!

只要你在使用电器设备你可以把它开着。

如果不用就把它关掉!

(1)as/solongas意为“只要”,用来引导条件状语从句。

(2)aslongas还可表示“与……一样长”。

Youcanwriteanythingrelevantas/solongasit'sinterestingandinformative.

只要内容有趣且信息量大,你可以写任何相关的内容。

Thislineisfourtimesaslongasthatone.

这条线是那条线的四倍长。

易混辨析:

短语

原意

引申义

aslongas

与……一样长

只要

aswellas

与……一样好

也;和

asfaras

远及/到……

就……而言;至于

asgoodas

与……一样好

几乎

[基础练习]——用as的相关短语填空

(1)Don'tmindwhatotherssay_so_long_asweareconfidentinwhatwehavedone.

(2)We_as_well_asTomwenttoHainantospendourholiday.

(3)_As_far_asIamconcerned,Iamstronglyagainsttheplan.

(4)Adistantrelativeisnot_as_good_asanearneighbour.

[能力提升]——完成句子

(5)生活中我们可能遇到许多的失败,但只要我们尽了力,就没有必要为失败而后悔。

Inourlifewemaymeetmanyfailures.Aslongaswetryourbest,thereisnoneedtofeelregretforthesefailures.

 

1.InChinaaboutthreebillionplasticshoppingbagsare_consumed(消耗)everyday.

2._Glancing(扫视)round,hecaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.

3.Notonlycantakingexercisecontributetohealthbutitalso_refreshes(使振作)yourmind.

4.Ifirstreadthefashionmagazineoveradecadeagoandhave_subscribed(订购)toitsince.

5.Cyclinghasbecomeanew_trend(趋势)aroundtheworld,agoodwayofenergysavingandlowcarbonlife.

6.Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehaveawider_range(范围)ofchoicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.

7.Chinesepeoplereadon_average(平均的)abouteightbooksintheyear2016,aslightincreasecomparedwiththatinthepreviousyears.

8.Inmyopinion,althoughtheinternetprovidesuswithemotionalcomfortaswellaslarge_quantities(数量)ofinformation,weshouldbecarefulwhileusingit.

9.We_advocate(提倡)usingclothorpaperbagsinsteadofplasticones.

10.Theemploymentproblemtendstobeacommon_phenomenon(现象)inalotofcountries.

(一)考点练习

1.Inresponsetotheappeal,Ihavemadesomechangesinmywayoflife,which_ranges(range)fromtransportationtowatersaving.

2.Manycitizensareopposedto_pulling(pull)downtheoldbuilding,becauseitdatesbacktothe16thcentury,whichshouldbeprotected.

3.TheQinghaiTibetPlateauistheworld'shighestplateau,_averaging(average)over4,000metresabovesealevel.

4.Weshouldmaketeenagersrealizetheriskand_consequence(consequent)oftakingdrugsbyputtingmoresafetyeducationintotextbooks.

5.Inordertokeepriversandlakescleanandpreventwaterfrom_being_polluted(pollute),wemustdosomethingtoprotectthem.

6.Underthese_circumstances(circumstance),whatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitudes.

7.Mydeskmateisgood,kind,hardworkingandintelligent._Onthewhole,Ican'tspeaktoohighlyofhim.

8.Mymainreasonforsubscribing_toNewScientististokeepthepaceofadvancesinscience.

9.Barbaraisinherlatefortiesandhasa_tendency(tend)tocomplainaboutwhatshedoesn'tfeelcontentwith.

10.Inspiteofthis,thenumberofpeoplehavingmobilephonesisincreasing_steadily(steady).

(二)语法专练——it的用法(Ⅱ)

11.AlthoughitwastenyearsagothatIreadthebook,_itshowsmeauniversaltruththatbooksarefriends,alwayspushingustomoveon.

12._Itwasn'tuntilinhighschoolthatIbegantotrustotherpeopleagain.

13._Itishowyouhandleeachchallengethatcounts.

14._ItwasnotthewordyousaidthatangeredMrZhang,buthowyousaidit.

15._Itisonlyinthelastfewyearsthatfreeflyinghasgainedrealpublicacceptance.

1.Opposedtheplanofraisingprices,thepublicdecidedtogoonstrikeonSunday._Opposed→Opposing或Opposed后加to

2.Foraverage,studentsinSeniorOnespend7hoursperweekreading._For→On

3.Asconsequenceofhumanactivitieslikecuttingdownbamboos,thepandasarelackingoffoodsource._As后加a或As→In

4.Iwentonadietwhenmydoctortoldmethatmybloodpressuretendstobehigh._tends→tended

5.Forgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultfromyougettingwet._from→in

6.Atpresent,alargequantityoffoodandwaterareneededintheearthquakestrickenarea._are→is

7.Asweall

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