全新版大学进阶英语综合教程二课文+翻译.docx
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全新版大学进阶英语综合教程二课文+翻译
Unit1
Afterlivinginthe 24-hourcityofLasVegas,Nevadafornearlytenyears,myfamilyandIdecidedto slowthingsdown. Mydaughterwantedahorse. Myhusbandwanted property. Mysonwanteda dirtbike. Iwantedourfamilytobemore self-sufficient.
Noneofusfeltthatthiscouldbe acplished wherewewerelivingandweallagreedthatamovetothecountrywouldbegreatforeveryone.
Beforelongwe setabout lookingforahomeinYucca,Arizona,averysmalltownoflessthan1,000people. ItwaswhileIwasscanninglistingsfromourrealestate agent thatIfirst learnedof it. Therewasahomeforsalethereon40acres. WhenIcalledto inquire abouttheproperty,Iwasinformedthattherewasnoelectricity available inthearea. What?
Noelectricity?
Ialmostdismissedtheideaimmediately.
Thepropertywasoffthegrid. Itwasnotconnected whatsoever toany utilities —power,waterorsewer. Powerwassuppliedbyawindturbineandsolarpanels. Waterhadtobe hauled inandstoredintwotanks located ontheproperty. Fortyacreswouldgiveusplentyofroomforallofouranimalsandgivemyhusbandandsonspacetoridetheir ATVs. Besides,whatbetterwayistheretobeemoreself-sustainable?
Aftergivingitsomethought,wedecidedto putin anoffer andmovedinon ThanksgivingDay.
Whenwefirstmovedtotheproperty,wedidsomeremodelingandstayedinourmotorhome. Wewereconfrontedwithrealchallengesatthetime. Thepowerkept goingout,themainwaterlinetothehousebroke, theplumbingbackedupintothefrontyard andthegeneratordied.
Butthe setbacks justmadeusworkharder. Weslowlygotthingsfixedandmovedintothehouseafter38daysinthe RV. Thenextchallengewasto beefamiliarwith yourpower system,and tolearnthe insandouts ofhaulingyourownwaterand generating yourownpower.
Ouroff-the-gridsystem consistsof eightsolarpanels(1,000watts)thataremountedonasuntrackerrack. Wealsohaveawindturbinethatgenerates3,000wattsin24mphwinds. Theenergygeneratedbythewindandsunisstoredin166vgolfcartbatteries. Wealsohavetwo2,500-gallonabove-groundwatertanksanda250-gallonpropanetank. Everyweekend,wehaultwo275-gallonwatertankstothenearbytownofYuccaandfillthemwithwater,whichwethenpumpintoourbigwatertanks.
Whilelivinghereforthepastfourmonthshasbeenabig adjustment,therearemanybenefitstolivingoffthegrid. Ithinkoneofthegreatestisteachingmykidstheimportanceofconservation. Theyusedto takewater,powerandgasforgranted. Thefirstweekwewerehere,weusedalmost1,000gallonsofwater. Withonlya5,000-gallonwatertank,itdidn’ttakethemlongtounderstandthatwehadtouselesswater. Westartedtakingquickershowers,doingonlyfullloadsof laundry,turningoffthewaterwhilebrushingourteethorshaving.
Over-consumptionisevenmoreclearlydemonstratedbyourelectricityusage. WehaveadigitalreadoutofhowmanyvoltsofDCpowerwehavestoredinourbatteriesatanygiventime. IfyouturnonalightortheTV,thenumbergoesdown. Inordertoprotectthebatteries,thesystemissetuptoshuttheinverteroffifthevoltsgettoolow. Thenthepowergoesout. Whenwefirstmovedin,welostpoweralmostdaily. Afterthishappensafewtimes,itbeesclearveryquicklyjusthowoftenyouwasteelectricity. Everythingfromlightsandceilingfanstoputersandradioswereleftonwhentheywerenot inuse. Thecellphonechargerswere pluggedinevenwhentheyweren’tcharginganything. Allofthisusesunnecessarypower. Wearesteadilylearningtobemore diligent withourpowerusage.
Inaddition,wearealsotryingtomakeotherchanges. Theyincludereducingtheamountof trash wegenerateby recycling andposting,growingourown organic vegetables,andreusingandrepurposingthingsthatwewouldnormally toss. Wealsowanttoproduceourowneggsandgoat’smilkinthenearfuture.
Overall,goingoffthegridhasbeengreatforourfamily. Wehavelearnedhowtoconservepowerandwaterandtoreally appreciate whattheearthgivestouseveryday. Ihopethatoncemykidsmoveoutofthehouse,theywillkeepthehabitsthattheyhavelearnedbylivingoffthegrid.
Unit3
Ireceivedanemailfromareaderwhoasked,“Whydosomefriendshipsend, nomatterhow muchyouwantthemtolast?
〞 She referredto havingseenthequestioninoneofmyarticles, Mystery ofFriendship. AsIwroteinit,Idon’tthinkeasyanswersexistastohowfriendshipsstart,whysometurnintolifetimeones,andwhysomeend. AlthoughI’vetriedansweringthefirsttwoquestionsinotherarticles(ToHaveAFriend and BeAFriend),Istillgetsurprisedbyfriendshipsthatendureanddisillusionedbyonesthat slipaway. Evenso,I’lltrytooffersome insights hereastowhyfriendshipsend.
Mysimpleansweristhatfriendshipsendbecausethesituationsfriendsareinoreventhefriendsthemselveschange. Othershavesimilaranswers. First,thesituationsfriendsfacemaychange. Thedecisiontorelocateforanewschoolorjob cannothelpbut affect afriendship. Likewise,ifafriendisinanaccident,developsanillness,orlosessomeoneclose,thesesituationscannothelpbutaffectafriendship. Doesafriendshipneedtoendbecauseofthesechanges?
No,butit’llrequireadjustmentsthatoneorbothfriendsmightnotbewillingtomake.
Second,thefriendsthemselvesmaychange. Asignificantreasonthatfriendshipsoftenendwhenfriendsare apart foran extended periodoftime(forsummercamp,college,etc.)isthatoneorbothofthefriendschange. Ithinkithurtslesswhenbothfriendschange, becausethenthebreakupismoreoften mutual andsobothfriendsgetclosurebybothdecidingtoletgoandmoveforwardintheirliveswithouteachother. What tends tohurtmostiswhenjustonefriendchanges. Onefriendmightchangesocialcircles,bee involved innewsocialorganizations,startto date,getapet,or takeon someother venture that consumes moretimeand passion. Again,afriendshipcanendurethesechanges,unlessoneorbothofthefriendsforsomereasondecidenotto invest thetimeandenergyinvolvedintheadjustmentperiod. (Forexample,onefriendmightforgettheimportanceofthefriendship dueto thehighofhavinganewpetormightfeelthatthechangeisimpossibleto overe whenonegetsmarriedbuttheotherisstillsingle.) Inthissituation,breakupsmaynotbemutualandsooneorbothfriendsfeel betrayed and endupwith bittermemoriesaboutwhatwasapreciousfriendshiptothem.
Thereareotherreasonswhyfriendshipsend. Forexample, asmuchas twopeoplemightwantafriendshipto survive,oneorbothofthemmightunintentionally neglect it. Friendshipisoftenparedtoaflowergarden. Well,ifflowersdon’tget exposed regularlyenoughtosunlightanddon’tgetwateredenough,flowerswillwitherandevendie. Thesame appliesto friendship. Ifweekafterweekpasseswhereplansaremadetospendtimetogetherbutareneverhonored,perhapsduetotakingafriendshipforgranted, eventuallyeventheclosestoffriendshipsmay cease to haveareasontoexist.
Conflictscanalsocausetheendoffriendships. Iftheflowerisafledglingplant,oneblowmightdestroyitjustassometimesrelativelyyoungfriendshipsaren’tstrongenoughtoenduremuchconflict. Eventhoseamazingclosefriendships, wherefriendsloveusnomatterwhatourfaultsare, needcare whenitesto conflicts. Sure,ifa flourishing flowergetssteppedon,itmight revive onitsown. Moreover,ifitgetsalittleextraspecialcare,it’llprobably bounceback asifithadn’teverbeen injured. Atthesametime,ifaflowergetsrepeatedlytrampledon,it’llprobablyeventuallybreak. Especiallythefriendshipsthat havebeenaround foralongtimecanendurestorms,andevenbeestrongerforthem,butmostfriendshipshavebreakingpoints.
Nevertheless,whilewecanrarelypredictattheoutsetwhichoneswilllast,mostfriendshipsdoenrichusforhowevershortorlongthey’reapartofourlives.
Unit4
Inthesleepinessattheendofalibrarynap,Iwasn’tsurewhereIwas. I stretchedout myarmtoreachforahumanbeing,butwhatI grabbed wasausedcopyof TheOdyssey,thebookaboutgoinghome. Myheartached.
Itwas2a.m. Thelibrary, floodedwith whitefluorescentlightandsmellingofmustybooksandsweatysneakers,waseerilyquiet. Myreadingsseemedendless. Ihadbeenadmittedintoathree-course,yearlongfreshman program calledDirectedStudies, dubbed Directed Suicide byYalies. Itwassupposedtointroduceusto“thesplendorsofWesterncivilization,〞inthewordsofthe catalog,byforce-feedingthecanonsofphilosophy,literatureandhistory.
IwantedverymuchtostudytheWesterncanon,becauseIknewnothingaboutit. Yes,McDonald’sadsandMadonnaposterswereplasteredonShanghaistreets,butfewWesternideas filtered through. WehadbeeninformedofKarlMarx’shabitofsittingatthesame spot intheBritishLibrary, forinstance,buthadreadnoneofhis original words. Westerncivilizationwasdifferent, mysterious andthus alluring. Besides,becauseIlongedtobeacceptedhere,I yearned tounderstandAmericansociety. Whatbetterwayto prehend itthantostudytheveryideasonwhichitisbased?
Butat2a.m.,I wastiredof themall:
Homer,Virgil,HerodotusandPlato. Theirwordsweredullandthepresentationsdifficulttofollow. TheprofessorsheredonotteachinthesamewaythatteachersinChinado. StudyinghumanitiesinChinameans memorizing allthe“correct,〞standard interpretations givenduringlectures. Here,professorsask provocative questionsandletthestudentsargue,researchandwritepapersontheiro